基于响应面法的沥青发泡效果优化分析
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摘要
为研究不同类型沥青的发泡效果,文章采用响应面法进行试验设计,以泡沫沥青的膨胀率和半衰期作为控制指标,加热温度和用水量为影响因素,分别对70~#、90~#及SBS~# 3种型号沥青在不同加热温度和发泡用水量情况下的发泡效果进行对比分析,并进行影响因素的显著性分析,优选出合理发泡条件;采用布氏黏度试验对合理发泡条件的泡沫沥青进行不同温度下的黏度评价。响应面试验结果表明:70~#沥青膨胀率对发泡用水量较为敏感,而半衰期则对沥青加热温度较为敏感,其适宜发泡温度为160℃,用水量为2%;发泡用水量对90~#沥青膨胀率和半衰期的影响比对加热温度的影响显著,90~#沥青的最佳发泡温度为150℃,用水量为2%;SBS~#沥青的发泡效果对沥青加热温度变化比较敏感,其最佳发泡温度为170℃,用水量为3%。黏度试验结果表明:沥青的黏度与试验温度成负相关的关系,但是发泡前、后,沥青黏度试验结果变化不明显,不宜根据黏度来确定泡沫沥青的生产温度。
In order to study the foaming effect of different types of bitumen, the response surface methodology(RSM) was used to design the experiment with the expansion rate and half-life of foamed bitumen as the control indexes and the heating temperature and water consumption as the influencing factors. The foaming effects of three kinds of bitumen 70~#, 90~# and SBS~# in different heating temperatures and foaming water consumption were compared and analyzed, the significance analysis of influencing factors was conducted, and the reasonable foaming conditions were determined. The Brookfield viscosity test was used to evaluate the viscosity of foamed bitumen with optimum condition at different temperatures. The experimental results show that the expansion rate of 70~# is more sensitive to the foaming water consumption, the half-life of bitumen is more sensitive to the heating temperature, and the optimum foaming condition for 70~# is that the heating temperature is 160 ℃ with 2% water; the expansion rate and half-life of 90~# is more sensitive to the foaming water consumption, and the optimum condition for 90~# is that the heating temperature is 150 ℃ with 2% water; SBS~# is more sensitive to the heating temperature, and the optimum condition for SBS~# is that the heating temperature is 170 ℃ with 3% water. Test results show that the viscosity of bitumen decreases with the temperature increasing, while the viscosity of bitumen does not change significantly after the foaming. Therefore, it is not suitable to determine the production temperature of the foamed bitumen according to the viscosity.
In order to study the foaming effect of different types of bitumen, the response surface methodology(RSM) was used to design the experiment with the expansion rate and half-life of foamed bitumen as the control indexes and the heating temperature and water consumption as the influencing factors. The foaming effects of three kinds of bitumen 70~#, 90~# and SBS~# in different heating temperatures and foaming water consumption were compared and analyzed, the significance analysis of influencing factors was conducted, and the reasonable foaming conditions were determined. The Brookfield viscosity test was used to evaluate the viscosity of foamed bitumen with optimum condition at different temperatures. The experimental results show that the expansion rate of 70~# is more sensitive to the foaming water consumption, the half-life of bitumen is more sensitive to the heating temperature, and the optimum foaming condition for 70~# is that the heating temperature is 160 ℃ with 2% water; the expansion rate and half-life of 90~# is more sensitive to the foaming water consumption, and the optimum condition for 90~# is that the heating temperature is 150 ℃ with 2% water; SBS~# is more sensitive to the heating temperature, and the optimum condition for SBS~# is that the heating temperature is 170 ℃ with 3% water. Test results show that the viscosity of bitumen decreases with the temperature increasing, while the viscosity of bitumen does not change significantly after the foaming. Therefore, it is not suitable to determine the production temperature of the foamed bitumen according to the viscosity.
引文
[1] 甘新立.再生SBS改性沥青及混合料的性能研究[D].西安:长安大学,2013.
[2] 杨慧.SBS改性沥青再生剂的制备与性能研究[D].武汉:武汉理工大学,2014.
[3] 张广,李艳,马庆伟.SBS 改性沥青拌和与压实温度的确定方法[J].青海交通科技,2014(6):25-28.
[4] 陈华鑫,陈拴发,王秉纲.基质沥青老化行为与老化机理[J].合成材料老化与应用,2009,38(1):13-19.
[5] 陈华鑫,周燕,王秉纲.SBS改性沥青老化后的动态力学性能[J].长安大学学报(自然科学版),2009,29(1):1-5.
[6] 冉龙飞.热、光、水耦合条件下SBS改性沥青老化机理研究及高性能再生剂开发[D].重庆:重庆交通大学,2016.
[7] 汪莹.沥青老化评价指标分析及老化程度研究[J].路基工程,2014(6):63-68.
[8] 程玲,闫国杰,陈德珍,等.温拌沥青混合料摊铺节能减排效果的定量化研究[J].环境工程学报,2010,4(9):2151-2155.
[9] 秦永春,黄颂昌,徐剑,等.温拌沥青混合料节能减排效果的测试与分析[J].公路交通科技,2009(8):33-37.
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[13] 张志清,丛铖东,隰文博,等.泡沫沥青冷再生混合料在道路大修工程中的应用研究[J].北京工业大学学报,2014,40(8):1156-1162.
[14] 黄维蓉,任海生.沥青发泡机理及发泡效果评价指标研究[J].重庆交通大学学报(自然科学版),2018,37(6):36-41.
[15] 栗关裔,李立寒.沥青发泡效果与泡沫沥青混合料性能的相关性[J].建筑材料学报,2008,11(5):555-560.
[16] 乔卫华.泡沫沥青发泡机理及其混合料性能的研究[D].重庆:重庆交通大学,2008.
[17] 石津金.泡沫沥青温拌技术应用研究[D].天津:河北工业大学,2015.
[18] 蒋水华,李典庆,方国光.结构可靠度分析的响应面法和随机响应面法的比较[J].武汉大学学报(工学版),2012,45(1):46-53.
[19] 李莉,张赛,何强,等.响应面法在试验设计与优化中的应用[J].实验室研究与探索,2015(8):41-45.
[20] 王永菲,王成国.响应面法的理论与应用[J].中央民族大学学报(自然科学版),2005,14(3):236-240.
[21] 张泽志,韩春亮,李成未.响应面法在试验设计与优化中的应用[J].河南教育学院学报(自然科学版),2011,20(4):34-37.
[22] 交通部公路科学研究所.公路沥青路面施工技术规范:JTG F40—2004[S].北京:人民交通出版社,2004:18-21.
[2] 杨慧.SBS改性沥青再生剂的制备与性能研究[D].武汉:武汉理工大学,2014.
[3] 张广,李艳,马庆伟.SBS 改性沥青拌和与压实温度的确定方法[J].青海交通科技,2014(6):25-28.
[4] 陈华鑫,陈拴发,王秉纲.基质沥青老化行为与老化机理[J].合成材料老化与应用,2009,38(1):13-19.
[5] 陈华鑫,周燕,王秉纲.SBS改性沥青老化后的动态力学性能[J].长安大学学报(自然科学版),2009,29(1):1-5.
[6] 冉龙飞.热、光、水耦合条件下SBS改性沥青老化机理研究及高性能再生剂开发[D].重庆:重庆交通大学,2016.
[7] 汪莹.沥青老化评价指标分析及老化程度研究[J].路基工程,2014(6):63-68.
[8] 程玲,闫国杰,陈德珍,等.温拌沥青混合料摊铺节能减排效果的定量化研究[J].环境工程学报,2010,4(9):2151-2155.
[9] 秦永春,黄颂昌,徐剑,等.温拌沥青混合料节能减排效果的测试与分析[J].公路交通科技,2009(8):33-37.
[10] 徐世法,颜彬,季节,等.高节能低排放型温拌沥青混合料的技术现状与应用前景[J].公路,2005(7):195-198.
[11] 王建静.沥青发泡性能正交试验研究[J].交通世界,2017(33):174-176.
[12] 徐金枝.泡沫沥青及泡沫沥青冷再生混合料技术性能研究[D].西安:长安大学,2007.
[13] 张志清,丛铖东,隰文博,等.泡沫沥青冷再生混合料在道路大修工程中的应用研究[J].北京工业大学学报,2014,40(8):1156-1162.
[14] 黄维蓉,任海生.沥青发泡机理及发泡效果评价指标研究[J].重庆交通大学学报(自然科学版),2018,37(6):36-41.
[15] 栗关裔,李立寒.沥青发泡效果与泡沫沥青混合料性能的相关性[J].建筑材料学报,2008,11(5):555-560.
[16] 乔卫华.泡沫沥青发泡机理及其混合料性能的研究[D].重庆:重庆交通大学,2008.
[17] 石津金.泡沫沥青温拌技术应用研究[D].天津:河北工业大学,2015.
[18] 蒋水华,李典庆,方国光.结构可靠度分析的响应面法和随机响应面法的比较[J].武汉大学学报(工学版),2012,45(1):46-53.
[19] 李莉,张赛,何强,等.响应面法在试验设计与优化中的应用[J].实验室研究与探索,2015(8):41-45.
[20] 王永菲,王成国.响应面法的理论与应用[J].中央民族大学学报(自然科学版),2005,14(3):236-240.
[21] 张泽志,韩春亮,李成未.响应面法在试验设计与优化中的应用[J].河南教育学院学报(自然科学版),2011,20(4):34-37.
[22] 交通部公路科学研究所.公路沥青路面施工技术规范:JTG F40—2004[S].北京:人民交通出版社,2004:18-21.