陕西省宝鸡市慢性病干预试点效果初步评估分析
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摘要
目的评估宝鸡市慢性病综合干预效果。方法随机选取宝鸡市陇县两个基本情况一致的村组作为干预组和对照组,干预组实施慢性病知识、行为干预,对照组不采取措施。干预后对两组研究对象慢性病知识、行为、患病情况进行比较。结果干预组与对照组相比,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)的指标有:高血压健康知识得分(t=23.714)、糖尿病健康知识得分(t=24.628)、饮酒危害知晓评分(t=1.132)、BMI肥胖知晓(χ~2=119.588)、高盐高脂饮食危害知晓评分(t=2.219)、鱼虾类(t=2.391)、油(t=4.249)、盐(t=0.595)摄入、腰围肥胖率(χ~2=4.389);差异无统计学意义(P> 0.05)的指标有:吸烟者比例、二手烟暴露、饮酒者比例、每周锻炼次数、蔬菜类、水果类、蛋类、豆类摄入、高血压、初筛血糖异常患病率、BMI。结论今后慢性病干预应根据人群特点分类实施,强化危险因素的行为干预。
Objective To evaluate the effect of comprehensive intervention on chronic diseases in Baoji City.Methods Two village groups with the same basic conditions in Long County of Baoji City were randomly selected as the intervention group and the control group.The intervention group carried out chronic diseases knowledge and behavior intervention,and the control group did not take measures.After the intervention,the knowledge,behavior and prevalence of chronic diseases were compared between the two groups.Results The intervention group was compared with the control group.The difference was statistically significant.(P<0.05).The metrics were:health knowledge score of hypertension(t = 23.714),health knowledge score of diabetes(t = 23.714),drinking hazard awareness score(t = 1.132),BMI obesity awareness(χ~2= 119.588),awareness score of high salt and high fat diet hazard(t = 2.219),intake of fish(t = 2.391),oils(t = 4.249),salt(t = 0.595),waist circumference obesity rate(χ~2= 4.389).The difference was not statistically significant(P > 0.05).The metrics were:the proportion of smokers,secondhand smoke exposure,the proportion of drinkers,weekly exercise frequency,intake of vegetables,fruits,eggs and beans,hypertension prevalence,abnormal blood glucose screening prevalence,and BMI.Conclusion In the future,the intervention of chronic diseases should be classified according to the characteristics of the population and strengthen the behavior intervention of risk factors.
Objective To evaluate the effect of comprehensive intervention on chronic diseases in Baoji City.Methods Two village groups with the same basic conditions in Long County of Baoji City were randomly selected as the intervention group and the control group.The intervention group carried out chronic diseases knowledge and behavior intervention,and the control group did not take measures.After the intervention,the knowledge,behavior and prevalence of chronic diseases were compared between the two groups.Results The intervention group was compared with the control group.The difference was statistically significant.(P<0.05).The metrics were:health knowledge score of hypertension(t = 23.714),health knowledge score of diabetes(t = 23.714),drinking hazard awareness score(t = 1.132),BMI obesity awareness(χ~2= 119.588),awareness score of high salt and high fat diet hazard(t = 2.219),intake of fish(t = 2.391),oils(t = 4.249),salt(t = 0.595),waist circumference obesity rate(χ~2= 4.389).The difference was not statistically significant(P > 0.05).The metrics were:the proportion of smokers,secondhand smoke exposure,the proportion of drinkers,weekly exercise frequency,intake of vegetables,fruits,eggs and beans,hypertension prevalence,abnormal blood glucose screening prevalence,and BMI.Conclusion In the future,the intervention of chronic diseases should be classified according to the characteristics of the population and strengthen the behavior intervention of risk factors.
引文
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[19]PAN C,YANG W,JIA W,et al.Psychological Status of Chinese Patients with Type 2 Diabetes:Data Review of Diabcare-China Studies[J].DIABETIC MED,2012,29(4):515-521.
[20]李青,蔡乐,崔文龙,等.云南省农村居民4种慢性病患病情况及对家庭经济影响[J].中国公共卫生,2018,34(4):479-482.
[21]张磊,史中锋,迟阿鲁,等.社区干预11年居民慢性病知信行水平及影响因素分析[J].中国卫生事业管理,2013,30(10):736-740.
[22]丁贤彬,陈婷,毛德强,等.重庆市慢性病综合防控示范区建设对居民健康相关知识认知与行为的影响[J].中国慢性病预防与控制,2018,26(4):287-291.
[23]何利平,李晓梅,喻箴,等.不同性别农村居民慢性病患病率及影响因素调查研究[J].中国全科医学,2018,21(13):1603-1607.
[24]丁艳伟,卢珊杉,宋田,等.沈阳市城区慢性病高危人群健康素养现状及其影响因素分析[J].中国公共卫生,2018,34(5):745-747.
[2]李贞玉,孔祥金.我国慢性病防控的制度性缺陷与应对策略研究[J].现代预防医学,2014,41(21):3915-3917.
[3]蔡晓露.我国慢性病社区综合防治管理现状及对策[J].医学与社会,2014,27(5):39-41.
[4]陈力.全科医疗模式防治社区慢性病的效果研究[J].当代医学,2018,24(17):102-104.
[5]孙伟,李文玲,杨雪静,等.天津市和平区慢性病及其影响因素调查分析[J].实用预防医学,2016,23(6):726-727.
[6]朱裕兵,张蕊.启东市主要慢性病及其危险因素调查与分析[J].解放军预防医学杂志,2014,32(6):497-499.
[7]赵洪梅.健康教育在社区慢性病中的应用[J].中囯农村卫生,2018,4(8):81.
[8]范洪玮,向倩,徐玲,等.149例恶性肿瘤患者血栓发生风险因素分析[J].中国临床药理学杂志,2018,34(8):983-985.
[9]于宏杰,邵月琴,张黎明.上海市嘉定区慢性病综合防控服务现状分析[J].健康教育与健康促进,2018,13(2):115-118.
[10]陈力,刘俊峰.社区慢性病防治的全科医疗模式和效果分析[J].中外医学研究,2018,16(16):165-167.
[11]徐迪波,方惠千.桐乡市居民食用油消耗量调查[J].浙江预防医学,2015,27(1):6-9.
[12]孙世民.2009-2013年某高校教职工主要慢性病的患病率变化分析[J].现代预防医学,2015,42(1):32-34.
[13]国家卫生计生委疾病预防控制局.中国居民营养与慢性病状况报告(2015)[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,2015:33-50.
[14]美国糖尿病协会.2012年ADA糖尿病诊疗指南(一)[J].糖尿病天地·临床刊,2012,6(6):56-62.
[15]丁贤彬,唐文革,焦艳,等.2010-2016年重庆市4种主要慢性病早死率及其变化趋势[J].中国慢性病预防与控制,2017,25(9):641-645.
[16]FERNANDES RA,ZANESCO A.Early physical activity promotes lower prevalence of chronic diseases in adulthood[J].Hypertens Res,2010,33(9):926-931.
[17]DELLA VALLE E,GRIMALDI R,FARINARO E.Importance of physical activity for prevention of chronic diseases[J].Ann Ig,2008,20(5):485-493.
[18]刘玉清,刘羽.2016年北京市怀柔区成人慢性病及其危险因素调查分析[J].慢性病学杂志,2018,19(5):554-557.
[19]PAN C,YANG W,JIA W,et al.Psychological Status of Chinese Patients with Type 2 Diabetes:Data Review of Diabcare-China Studies[J].DIABETIC MED,2012,29(4):515-521.
[20]李青,蔡乐,崔文龙,等.云南省农村居民4种慢性病患病情况及对家庭经济影响[J].中国公共卫生,2018,34(4):479-482.
[21]张磊,史中锋,迟阿鲁,等.社区干预11年居民慢性病知信行水平及影响因素分析[J].中国卫生事业管理,2013,30(10):736-740.
[22]丁贤彬,陈婷,毛德强,等.重庆市慢性病综合防控示范区建设对居民健康相关知识认知与行为的影响[J].中国慢性病预防与控制,2018,26(4):287-291.
[23]何利平,李晓梅,喻箴,等.不同性别农村居民慢性病患病率及影响因素调查研究[J].中国全科医学,2018,21(13):1603-1607.
[24]丁艳伟,卢珊杉,宋田,等.沈阳市城区慢性病高危人群健康素养现状及其影响因素分析[J].中国公共卫生,2018,34(5):745-747.