电偶腐蚀下非稳态扩散瞬时静电场分析
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摘要
为分析在浓差极化条件下非稳态过程中的静电场分布情况,在斐克第二定律的基础上利用拉普拉斯变换求解电极表面氧浓度随时间的变化。通过法拉第定律分析受氧浓度控制下的电偶腐蚀电流密度,在此基础上利用电流元模型求解电解质溶液中任意位置处产生的瞬时电位及静电场强度,并通过实验验证结果的正确性。结果表明:浓差极化下的非稳态扩散传质产生的静电场及电位会随着时间的增加而逐渐减小,并最终达到稳态,且电流密度会随着氧的浓度减小而减小。
In order to analyze the static electric field distribution of non-steady-state process under concentration polarization conditions,the Laplace transform was used to solve the change of oxygen concentration on the surface of the electrode based on the Fick second law. The current density of galvanic corrosion controlled by oxygen concentration was analyzed through Faraday law,in the basis of which the instant potential and static electric field in any position of electrolyte can be obtained through current element,and then to verify the correctness by experimental results.The results show that the static electric field and potential decrease with time and reach a steady state finally,while the current density decreases with the decrease of oxygen concentration.
In order to analyze the static electric field distribution of non-steady-state process under concentration polarization conditions,the Laplace transform was used to solve the change of oxygen concentration on the surface of the electrode based on the Fick second law. The current density of galvanic corrosion controlled by oxygen concentration was analyzed through Faraday law,in the basis of which the instant potential and static electric field in any position of electrolyte can be obtained through current element,and then to verify the correctness by experimental results.The results show that the static electric field and potential decrease with time and reach a steady state finally,while the current density decreases with the decrease of oxygen concentration.
引文
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[2]杜小青.典型船用材料在海水中的电偶腐蚀行为研究[D].杭州:浙江大学,2013.DU Xiaoqing. Study on galvanic corrosion behavior between typical marine materials in seawater[D]. Hangzhou:Zhejiang University,2013.(in Chinese)
[3]黄桂桥.金属在海水中的腐蚀电位研究[J].腐蚀与防护,2000,21(1):8-11.HUANG Guiqiao. Study of the corrosion potential of metals in seawater[J]. Corrosion&Protection,2000,21(1):8-11.(in Chinese)
[4]Francis R. Galvanic corrosion of high alloy stainless steels in seawater[J]. British Corrosion Journal,1994,29(1):53-57.
[5]刘德红,王向军,朱武兵,等.多桨型船舶轴频电场在浅海中传播特性分析[J].哈尔滨工程大学学报,2014,35(5):521-526.LIU Dehong, WANG Xiangjun, ZHU Wubing, et al.Transmission characteristic analysis of a shaft-rated electromagnetic filed generated by multi-paddle vessels in the neritic sea[J]. Journal of Harbin Engineering University,2014,35(5):521-526.(in Chinese)
[6]Wang X J,Liu Y. Electric field protection method based on metallic polarization[J]. Universidad Central de Venezuela,2017,32(7):219-224.
[7]查全性.电极过程动力学导论[M].北京:科学出版社,1987.CHA Quanxing. Electrode process kinetics introduction[M].Beijing:Science Press,1987.(in Chinese)
[8]丁锐,桂泰江,蒋建明,等.应用拉普拉斯变换和留数法求解常见非稳态扩散情况下的菲克定律[J].数学的实践与认识,2017,47(1):271-279.DING Rui,GUI Taijiang,JIANG Jianming,et al. Solution of Fick's second law in the case of common diffusion[J].Mathematics in Practice and Theory,2017,47(1):271-279.(in Chinese)
[9]Compere C,Lebozec N. Behaviour of stainless steel in natural seawater[C]//Proceedings of the First Stainless Steel Congress in Thailand,1997:15-17.
[10]Byrne G,Francis R,Warburton G,et al. Electrochemical potential and the corrosion resistance of stainless steels in SWRO applications[C]//Proceedings of IDA International Desalination Conference,2009.
[11]杨德钧.金属腐蚀学[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,1999.YANG Dejun. Metal corrosion[M]. Beijing:Metallurgical Industry Press,1999.(in Chinese)
[12]张建春,王向军.垂直电流元在深海中的电场强度算法推导[J].舰船电子工程,2015,35(10):169-172.ZHANG Jianchun,WANG Xiangjun. The arithetic derivation about electric field intensity of vertical current in the deep sea[J]. Ship Electronic Engineering,2015,35(10):169-172.(in Chinese)
[13]张建春,王向军.水平电流元在深海中的电场强度算法研究[J].舰船科学技术,2016,35(1):90-93.ZHANG Jianchun,WANG Xiangjun. Arithetic research about electric-field intensity of horizontal-harmonic current in the deep sea[J]. Ship Science and Technology,2016,35(1):90-93.(in Chinese)
[14]刘胜道,肖昌汉,龚沈光.两层模型中直流电流元产生的电磁场[J].武汉理工大学学报(交通科学与工程版),2004(5):641-644.LIU Shengdao, XIAO Changhan, GONG Shenguang.Electromagnetic field of DC electric dipole in two-layer model[J]. Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Transportation Science&Engineering),2004(5):641-644.(in Chinese)
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