豫西陆院沟蚀变岩型金矿床黄铁矿标型研究
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摘要
陆院沟破碎蚀变岩型金矿床主成矿期载金黄铁矿存在原生、改造、增生、新生以及多型叠加等结构类型,这种单期黄铁矿显示复杂成矿过程的现象说明对黄铁矿的形态结构分类和原位测试是极为必要的。在宏观期次研究的基础上,对成矿期黄铁矿进行形态结构分类和原位分析,结果显示,载金黄铁矿是预富集期、主成矿期和晚成矿期3个阶段的产物,3个阶段普遍显示富S亏Fe、富Ni亏Co的沉积型特征,晚期显示了亏硫富铁的变质型叠加特征。综合研究认为,黄铁矿的形态、结构和成分标型是不同成因及演化过程的产物,对矿床成因判别和找矿勘探具有重要的指示意义。
A diversity of morphological structures of Au-bearing pyrites exists during the main metallogenic stage.These structures include the corrosion metasomatic,proliferation,directed modification,dissemination and veined types.The phenomenon that multiple morphological structures exist in sole metallogenic epoch indicates that the morphological structural classification and in-situ pyrite testing are desperately needed.The present study conducted research on these two topics based on macroscopic examinations.The results show that gold-bearing pyrites were the products of the pre-enrichment,the main-metallogenic and the postmetallogenic stages.All three periods embodied depositional characteristics that the pyrites were rich in S and poor in Fe,and rich in Ni and deficient in Co.In addition,post-metallogenic stage embodied the metamorphism superposition characteristics that the pyrites were rich in Fe and deficient in S.It is believed by a comprehensive study that the morphological,textural and constitutional typomorphism of pyrites indicate different origin and complex evolutionary process;these typomorphic characteristics can be significant in genesis discrimination,exploration and prospecting of gold deposits.
A diversity of morphological structures of Au-bearing pyrites exists during the main metallogenic stage.These structures include the corrosion metasomatic,proliferation,directed modification,dissemination and veined types.The phenomenon that multiple morphological structures exist in sole metallogenic epoch indicates that the morphological structural classification and in-situ pyrite testing are desperately needed.The present study conducted research on these two topics based on macroscopic examinations.The results show that gold-bearing pyrites were the products of the pre-enrichment,the main-metallogenic and the postmetallogenic stages.All three periods embodied depositional characteristics that the pyrites were rich in S and poor in Fe,and rich in Ni and deficient in Co.In addition,post-metallogenic stage embodied the metamorphism superposition characteristics that the pyrites were rich in Fe and deficient in S.It is believed by a comprehensive study that the morphological,textural and constitutional typomorphism of pyrites indicate different origin and complex evolutionary process;these typomorphic characteristics can be significant in genesis discrimination,exploration and prospecting of gold deposits.
引文
[1]MOREY A A,TOMKINS A G,BIERLEIN F P,et al.Bimodal distribution of gold in pyrite and arsenopyrite:examples from the Archean Boorara and Bardoc shear systems,Yilgarn craton,western Australia[J].Economic Geology,2008,103(3):599-614.
[2]COOK N J,CIOBANU C L,MAO J W.Textural control on gold distribution in As-free pyrite from the Dongping,Huangtuliang and Hougou gold deposits,North China Craton(Hebei province,China)[J].Chemical Geology,2009,264:101-121.
[3]BI S J,LI J W,ZHOU M F,et al.Gold distribution in Asdeficient pyrite and telluride mineralogy of the Yangzhaiyu gold deposit,Xiaoqinling district,southern North China Craton[J].Mineralium Deposita,2011,46(8):925-941.
[4]高振敏,杨竹森,李红阳,等.黄铁矿载金的原因和特征[J].高校地质学报,2000,6(2):156-162.
[5]徐国风,邵洁涟.黄铁矿的标型特征及其实际意义[J].地质论评,1980,26(6):541-546.
[6]陈光远,邵伟,孙岱生.胶东金矿成因矿物学与找矿[M].重庆:重庆出版社,1989:125-234.
[7]王奎仁,周有勤,孙立广,等.中国几个典型卡林型金矿床金的赋存状态研究[M].合肥:中国科学技术大学出版社,1994:35-78.
[8]毕献武,胡瑞忠,彭建堂,等.黄铁矿微量元素地球化学特征及其对成矿流体性质的指示[J].矿物岩石地球化学通报,2004,23(1):1-4.
[9]周家云,郑荣才,朱志敏,等.拉拉铜矿黄铁矿微量元素地球化学特征及其成因意义[J].矿物岩石,2008,28(3):64-71.
[10]邵洁涟.金矿找矿矿物学[M].武汉:中国地质大学出版社,1988:9-31.
[11]周学武,李胜荣,鲁力,等.辽宁丹东五龙矿区石英脉型金矿床的黄铁矿标型特征研究[J].现代地质,2005,19(2):231-238.
[12]严育通,李胜荣,贾宝剑,等.中国不同成因类型金矿床的黄铁矿成分标型特征及统计分析[J].地学前缘,2012,19(4):214-226.
[13]HEGEMANN F.Die geochemische bedeutung von kobalt und nickel im pyrit[J].Zeitschr Angew Mineralogie,1943,4:121-239.
[14]DAVIDSON C F.On the cobalt:nickel ratio in ore deposits[J].Mineralogical Magazine,1962,106:78-85.
[15]LOFTUS-HILLS G,SOLOMON M.Cobalt,nickel and selenium in sulphides as indicators of ore genesis[J].Mineralium Deposita,1967,2(3):228-242.
[16]陈光远,孙岱生,殷辉安.成因矿物学与找矿矿物学[M].重庆:重庆出版社,1987:196-309.
[17]AREHART G B,CHRYSSOULIS S L,KESLER S E.Gold and arsenic in iron sulfides from sediment-hosted disseminated gold deposits:implications for depositional processes[J].Economic Geology,1993,88:171-185.
[18]RADTKE A S.Geology of the Carlin gold deposit,Nevada,US[R].Eureka:U.S.G.P.O.Geological Survey Professional Paper,1985,1267:124.
[19]RESSEL M W,NOBLE D C,HENRY C D.Dike-hosted ores of the Beast deposit and the importance of Eocene magmatism in gold mineralization of the Carlin trend,Nevada[J].Economic Geology,2000,95:1417-1444.
[20]HENKELMAN C A.Pyrite geochemistry across the BetzePost deposit,northern Carlin trend,Nevada[M].Las Vegas:University of Nevada,2004:65-86.
[21]宋学信,张景凯.中国各种成因黄铁矿的微量元素特征[G]∥中国地质科学院矿床地质研究所文集(18).北京:地质出版社,1986:166-174.
[22]CHEN Y J,FRANCO P,QI J P.The Shanggong gold deposit,Eastern Qinling Orogen,China:isotope geochemistry and implications for ore genesis[J].Journal of Asian Earth Sciences,2008,33(3/4):252-266.
[23]赵锡岩,刘国明,陈德杰,等.青岗坪金矿区拆离断层系统的控矿作用[J].地质与勘探,2002,38(3):38-41.
[24]LARGE R R,MASLENNIKOV V V,ROBERT F,et al.Multistage sedimentary and metamorphic origin of pyrite and gold in the giant Sukhoi Log deposit,Lena gold province,Russia[J].Economic Geology,2007,102(7):1233-1267.
[25]LARGE R R,DANYUSHEVSKY L,HOLLIT C,et al.Gold and trace element zonation in pyrite using a laser imaging technique:implications for the timing of gold in orogenic and Carlin-style sediment-hosted deposits[J].Economic Geology,2009,104(5):635-668.
[26]LARGE R R,BULL S W,MASLENNIKOV V V.A Carbonaceous sedimentary source-rock model for Carlin-type and orogenic gold deposits[J].Economic Geology,2011,106(3):331-358.
[27]AREHART G B.Characteristics and origin of sediment-hosted disseminated gold deposits:a review[J].Ore Geology Review,1996,11(6):383-403.
[28]HOFSTRA A H,CLINE J S.Characteristics and models for Carlin-type gold deposits[J].Reviews in Economic Geology,2000,13:163-220.
[29]KEN R.Review report on electron microprobe analysis of two sulfide concentrates[R].Clayton:CSIRO Publishing,2003:1-2.
[30]艾国栋,戴塔根,陈明辉.金矿床中黄铁矿-毒砂-辉锑矿标型及金的赋存状态:以湖南省金矿床为例[J].地质与资源,2010,19(2):157-163.
[31]周美付.新疆托里萨Ⅰ金矿床的地质特征及成因研究[J].地质找矿论丛,1987,2(3):20-30.
[32]王亚芬.海相火山岩型铜矿床中黄铁矿Co/Ni比值特征及地质意义[J].地质与勘探,1981,8:52-58.
[33]胡楚雁.黄铁矿的微量元素及热电性和晶体形态分析[J].现代地质,2001,15(2):238-241.
[34]MUROWCHICK J B,BARNES H L.Effects of temperature and degree of supersaturation on pyrite morphology[J].American Mineralogist,1987,72:1233-1242
[35]李胜荣,陈光远,邵伟,等.胶东乳山金青顶金矿区黄铁矿化学成分研究[J].黄金科学技术,1994,2:7-12.
[36]KOGLIN N,FRIMMEL H E,LAWRIE MINTER W E,et al.Trace-element characteristics of different pyrite types in Mesoarchaean to Palaeoproterozoic placer deposits[J].Mineralium Deposita,2010,45:259-280.
[37]ZHAO H X,FRIMMEL H E,JIANG S Y,et al.LA-ICPMS trace element analysis of pyrite from the Xiaoqinling gold district,China:implications for ore genesis[J].Ore Geology Reviews,2011,43(1):142-153.
[38]邵伟,陈光远,孙岱生.黄铁矿热电性研究方法及其在胶东金矿的应用[J].现代地质,1990,4:46-57.
[39]苏文超.黔西南烂泥沟金矿黄铁矿热电性研究及其找矿意义[J].黄金地质,1997,3:7-12.
[2]COOK N J,CIOBANU C L,MAO J W.Textural control on gold distribution in As-free pyrite from the Dongping,Huangtuliang and Hougou gold deposits,North China Craton(Hebei province,China)[J].Chemical Geology,2009,264:101-121.
[3]BI S J,LI J W,ZHOU M F,et al.Gold distribution in Asdeficient pyrite and telluride mineralogy of the Yangzhaiyu gold deposit,Xiaoqinling district,southern North China Craton[J].Mineralium Deposita,2011,46(8):925-941.
[4]高振敏,杨竹森,李红阳,等.黄铁矿载金的原因和特征[J].高校地质学报,2000,6(2):156-162.
[5]徐国风,邵洁涟.黄铁矿的标型特征及其实际意义[J].地质论评,1980,26(6):541-546.
[6]陈光远,邵伟,孙岱生.胶东金矿成因矿物学与找矿[M].重庆:重庆出版社,1989:125-234.
[7]王奎仁,周有勤,孙立广,等.中国几个典型卡林型金矿床金的赋存状态研究[M].合肥:中国科学技术大学出版社,1994:35-78.
[8]毕献武,胡瑞忠,彭建堂,等.黄铁矿微量元素地球化学特征及其对成矿流体性质的指示[J].矿物岩石地球化学通报,2004,23(1):1-4.
[9]周家云,郑荣才,朱志敏,等.拉拉铜矿黄铁矿微量元素地球化学特征及其成因意义[J].矿物岩石,2008,28(3):64-71.
[10]邵洁涟.金矿找矿矿物学[M].武汉:中国地质大学出版社,1988:9-31.
[11]周学武,李胜荣,鲁力,等.辽宁丹东五龙矿区石英脉型金矿床的黄铁矿标型特征研究[J].现代地质,2005,19(2):231-238.
[12]严育通,李胜荣,贾宝剑,等.中国不同成因类型金矿床的黄铁矿成分标型特征及统计分析[J].地学前缘,2012,19(4):214-226.
[13]HEGEMANN F.Die geochemische bedeutung von kobalt und nickel im pyrit[J].Zeitschr Angew Mineralogie,1943,4:121-239.
[14]DAVIDSON C F.On the cobalt:nickel ratio in ore deposits[J].Mineralogical Magazine,1962,106:78-85.
[15]LOFTUS-HILLS G,SOLOMON M.Cobalt,nickel and selenium in sulphides as indicators of ore genesis[J].Mineralium Deposita,1967,2(3):228-242.
[16]陈光远,孙岱生,殷辉安.成因矿物学与找矿矿物学[M].重庆:重庆出版社,1987:196-309.
[17]AREHART G B,CHRYSSOULIS S L,KESLER S E.Gold and arsenic in iron sulfides from sediment-hosted disseminated gold deposits:implications for depositional processes[J].Economic Geology,1993,88:171-185.
[18]RADTKE A S.Geology of the Carlin gold deposit,Nevada,US[R].Eureka:U.S.G.P.O.Geological Survey Professional Paper,1985,1267:124.
[19]RESSEL M W,NOBLE D C,HENRY C D.Dike-hosted ores of the Beast deposit and the importance of Eocene magmatism in gold mineralization of the Carlin trend,Nevada[J].Economic Geology,2000,95:1417-1444.
[20]HENKELMAN C A.Pyrite geochemistry across the BetzePost deposit,northern Carlin trend,Nevada[M].Las Vegas:University of Nevada,2004:65-86.
[21]宋学信,张景凯.中国各种成因黄铁矿的微量元素特征[G]∥中国地质科学院矿床地质研究所文集(18).北京:地质出版社,1986:166-174.
[22]CHEN Y J,FRANCO P,QI J P.The Shanggong gold deposit,Eastern Qinling Orogen,China:isotope geochemistry and implications for ore genesis[J].Journal of Asian Earth Sciences,2008,33(3/4):252-266.
[23]赵锡岩,刘国明,陈德杰,等.青岗坪金矿区拆离断层系统的控矿作用[J].地质与勘探,2002,38(3):38-41.
[24]LARGE R R,MASLENNIKOV V V,ROBERT F,et al.Multistage sedimentary and metamorphic origin of pyrite and gold in the giant Sukhoi Log deposit,Lena gold province,Russia[J].Economic Geology,2007,102(7):1233-1267.
[25]LARGE R R,DANYUSHEVSKY L,HOLLIT C,et al.Gold and trace element zonation in pyrite using a laser imaging technique:implications for the timing of gold in orogenic and Carlin-style sediment-hosted deposits[J].Economic Geology,2009,104(5):635-668.
[26]LARGE R R,BULL S W,MASLENNIKOV V V.A Carbonaceous sedimentary source-rock model for Carlin-type and orogenic gold deposits[J].Economic Geology,2011,106(3):331-358.
[27]AREHART G B.Characteristics and origin of sediment-hosted disseminated gold deposits:a review[J].Ore Geology Review,1996,11(6):383-403.
[28]HOFSTRA A H,CLINE J S.Characteristics and models for Carlin-type gold deposits[J].Reviews in Economic Geology,2000,13:163-220.
[29]KEN R.Review report on electron microprobe analysis of two sulfide concentrates[R].Clayton:CSIRO Publishing,2003:1-2.
[30]艾国栋,戴塔根,陈明辉.金矿床中黄铁矿-毒砂-辉锑矿标型及金的赋存状态:以湖南省金矿床为例[J].地质与资源,2010,19(2):157-163.
[31]周美付.新疆托里萨Ⅰ金矿床的地质特征及成因研究[J].地质找矿论丛,1987,2(3):20-30.
[32]王亚芬.海相火山岩型铜矿床中黄铁矿Co/Ni比值特征及地质意义[J].地质与勘探,1981,8:52-58.
[33]胡楚雁.黄铁矿的微量元素及热电性和晶体形态分析[J].现代地质,2001,15(2):238-241.
[34]MUROWCHICK J B,BARNES H L.Effects of temperature and degree of supersaturation on pyrite morphology[J].American Mineralogist,1987,72:1233-1242
[35]李胜荣,陈光远,邵伟,等.胶东乳山金青顶金矿区黄铁矿化学成分研究[J].黄金科学技术,1994,2:7-12.
[36]KOGLIN N,FRIMMEL H E,LAWRIE MINTER W E,et al.Trace-element characteristics of different pyrite types in Mesoarchaean to Palaeoproterozoic placer deposits[J].Mineralium Deposita,2010,45:259-280.
[37]ZHAO H X,FRIMMEL H E,JIANG S Y,et al.LA-ICPMS trace element analysis of pyrite from the Xiaoqinling gold district,China:implications for ore genesis[J].Ore Geology Reviews,2011,43(1):142-153.
[38]邵伟,陈光远,孙岱生.黄铁矿热电性研究方法及其在胶东金矿的应用[J].现代地质,1990,4:46-57.
[39]苏文超.黔西南烂泥沟金矿黄铁矿热电性研究及其找矿意义[J].黄金地质,1997,3:7-12.