盐雾环境中玻璃纤维/不饱和聚酯复合材料腐蚀深度对弯曲性能的影响
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摘要
采用中性盐雾加速老化试验模拟海洋大气环境,对玻璃纤维/不饱和聚酯复合材料在盐雾环境中的弯曲性能进行了研究。通过玻璃纤维/不饱和聚酯复合材料经盐雾加速老化后的吸湿率、玻璃化转变温度、巴氏硬度和弯曲性能的变化,结合金相显微镜观测得到的腐蚀深度,研究腐蚀深度对玻璃纤维/不饱和聚酯复合材料耐久性的影响。结果表明:老化初期玻璃纤维/不饱和聚酯复合材料的吸湿率随时间增长较快,随后增长逐渐趋于稳定。玻璃纤维/不饱和聚酯复合材料的玻璃化转变温度呈现先增加后下降的趋势,老化180d后玻璃化转变温度增加了2.1%;老化180d后玻璃纤维/不饱和聚酯复合材料的巴氏硬度与老化前相比降低了17.6%,弯曲强度损失率为10%。基于金相显微镜分析得到老化后玻璃纤维/不饱和聚酯复合材料的腐蚀深度,建立了腐蚀深度与弯曲强度之间的关系。
The accelerated neutral salt spray aging test was used to simulate the marine atmospheric environment,and the flexural properties of glass fiber/unsaturated polyester composites in salt spray environment were investigated.Through changes in moisture absorption rate,glass transition temperature,Barcol hardness and bending properties of glass fiber/unsaturated polyester composites after salt spray acceleration aging,in addition with the corrosion depths obtained by metallographic microscope,the effects of corrosion depth on durability of glass fiber/unsaturated polyester composites were studied.The results indicate that the moisture absorption of glass fiber/unsaturated polyester composites increases quickly with time in the early aging stage,and tends to be stable at last.Glass transition temperature of glass fiber/unsaturated polyester composites firstly increases,then decreases.After 180 dof aging time,the glass transition temperature increases by 2.1%.After 180 dof aging time,the Barcol hardness decreases by 17.6% compared to the un-aged one and flexural strengths loss rate is 10%.Based on the corrosion depths obtained by metallographic microscope analysis,the relationship between the corrosion depths and flexural strength was established for glass fiber/unsaturated polyester composites.
The accelerated neutral salt spray aging test was used to simulate the marine atmospheric environment,and the flexural properties of glass fiber/unsaturated polyester composites in salt spray environment were investigated.Through changes in moisture absorption rate,glass transition temperature,Barcol hardness and bending properties of glass fiber/unsaturated polyester composites after salt spray acceleration aging,in addition with the corrosion depths obtained by metallographic microscope,the effects of corrosion depth on durability of glass fiber/unsaturated polyester composites were studied.The results indicate that the moisture absorption of glass fiber/unsaturated polyester composites increases quickly with time in the early aging stage,and tends to be stable at last.Glass transition temperature of glass fiber/unsaturated polyester composites firstly increases,then decreases.After 180 dof aging time,the glass transition temperature increases by 2.1%.After 180 dof aging time,the Barcol hardness decreases by 17.6% compared to the un-aged one and flexural strengths loss rate is 10%.Based on the corrosion depths obtained by metallographic microscope analysis,the relationship between the corrosion depths and flexural strength was established for glass fiber/unsaturated polyester composites.
引文
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[23]过梅丽,阳芳,范欣愉,等.聚合物基复合材料的湿扩散参数研究[J].复合材料学报,2001,18(1):34-37.GUO M L,YANG F,FAN X Y,et al.Moisture diffusion parameters of polymer matrix composites[J].Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica,2001,18(1):34-37(in Chinese).
[24]SPRINGER G,SANDERS B A,TUNG R W.Environmental effects on glass fiber reinforced polyester and vinylester composites[J].Journal of Composite Materials,1980,14(3):213-232.
[25]张颖军,朱锡,梅志远,等.聚合物基复合材料老化剩余强度等效预测方法研究[J].材料导报,2012,26(4):150-152.ZHANG Y J,ZHU X,MEI Z Y,et al.Equivalent estimating methods of ageing on polymer matrix composites residual strength[J].Materials Review,2012,26(4):150-152(in Chinese).
[2]叶列平,冯鹏.FRP在工程结构中的应用与发展[J].土木工程学报,2006,39(3):24-36.YE L P,FENG P.Applications and development of fiber-reinforced polymer in engineering structures[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2006,39(3):24-36(in Chinese).
[3]吴敬宇,咸贵军,李惠.玄武岩纤维及其复合筋的耐久性能研究[J].玻璃钢/复合材料,2011(5):58-61.WU J Y,XIAN G J,LI H.Durability study of basalt fiber and its FRP bars[J].Fiber Reinforced Plastics/Composites,2011(5):58-61(in Chinese).
[4]诸葛萍,丁勇,布占宇.碳纤维材料应用于桥梁工程的耐久性研究[J].宁波大学学报(理工版),2013,26(3):99-104.ZHUGE P,DING Y,BU Z Y.Study on the durability of CFRP applied in bridge engineering[J].Journal of Ningbo University(Natural Science&Engineering Edition),2013,26(3):99-104(in Chinese).
[5]WU H C,YAN A.Durability simulation of FRP bridge decks subject to weathering[J].Composites Part B:Engineering,2013,51:162-168.
[6]HOLLAWAY L C.A review of the present and future utilisation of FRP composites in the civil infrastructure with reference to their important in-service properties[J].Construction and Building Materials,2010,24(12):2419-2445.
[7]刘建华,赵亮,李松梅,等.盐雾环境对玻璃纤维增强树脂基复合材料力学性能的影响[J].复合材料学报,2007,24(3):18-22.LIU J H,ZHAO L,LI S M,et al.Effect of salt spray on mechanical properties of glass fiber reinforced polymer composites[J].Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica,2007,24(3):18-22(in Chinese).
[8]SAADATMANESH H,TAVAKKOLIZADEH M,MOSTOFINEJAD D.Environmental effects on mechanical properties of wet lay-up fiber-reinforced polymer[J].ACI Materials Journal,2010,107(3):267-274.
[9]AL-SALLOUM Y A,EL-GAMAL S,ALMUSALLAM T H,et al.Effect of harsh environmental conditions on the tensile properties of GFRP bars[J].Composites Part B:Engineering,2013,45(1):835-844.
[10]付凯,薛伟辰.人工海水环境下GFRP筋抗拉性能加速老化试验[J].建筑材料学报,2014,17(1):35-41.FU K,XUE W C.Accelerated aging tests for evaluations of tensile properties of GFRP bars under artificial seawater environment[J].Journal of Building Materials,2014,17(1):35-41(in Chinese).
[11]王春齐,江大志,曾竟成,等.深海环境下树脂基复合材料吸湿行为[J].复合材料学报,2012,29(5):230-235.WANG C Q,JIANG D Z,ZENG J C,et al.Deep-sea water absorption behavior of glass fiber reinforced epoxy composite materials[J].Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica,2012,29(5):230-235(in Chinese).
[12]VISCO A M,CAMPO N,CIANCIAFARA P.Comparison of seawater absorption properties of the thermoset resins based composites[J].Composites Part A:Applied Science and Manufacturing,2011,42(2):123-130.
[13]FENG P,WANG J,WANG Y,et al.Effects of corrosive environments on properties of pultruded GFRP plates[J].Composites Part B:Engineering,2014,67:427-433.
[14]王俊,刘伟庆,赵慧敏,等.载荷与氯离子耦合作用下玻璃纤维增强不饱和聚酯复合材料吸湿性能[J].复合材料学报,2014,31(5):1173-1178.WANG J,LIU W Q,ZHAO H M,et al.Absorption behavior of glass fiber reinforced unsaturated polyester composites subjected to chloride ion environment and sustained load[J].Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica,2014,31(5):1173-1178(in Chinese).
[15]王毅,冯鹏,牛荻涛,等.电厂脱硫环境下FRP拉挤型材的长期性能研究[J].玻璃钢/复合材料,2012(增刊1):130-134.WANG Y,FENG P,NIU D T,et al.Long term performance of pultruded frp in desulfurization environment of power plant[J].Fiber Reinforced Plastics/Composites,2012(Suppl.1):130-134(in Chinese).
[16]黄杨,方园,刘伟庆,等.基于微观分析的GFRP浸水老化弯曲性能研究[J].玻璃钢/复合材料,2014(12):74-78.HUANG Y,FANG Y,LIU W Q,et al.Flexual behavior of GFRP sheets immersed in water based on microstructure analysis[J].Fiber Reinforced Plastics/Composites,2014(12):74-78(in Chinese).
[17]CHIN J W,NGUYEN T,AOUADI K.Sorption and diffusion of water,salt water,and concrete pore solution in composite matrices[J].Journal of Applied Polymer Science,1999,71(3):483-492.
[18]KOOTSOOKOS A,MOURITZ A P.Seawater durability of glass-and carbon-polymer composites[J].Composites Science and Technology,2004,64(10-11):1503-1511.
[19]中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局,中国国家标准化管理委员会.纤维增强塑料弯曲性能试验方法:GB/T1449—2005[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2005.Inspection and Quarantine of the People’s Republic of China,Standardization Administration of the People’s Republic of China.Fibre-reinforced plastic composites—Determination of flexural properties:GB/T 1449—2005[S].Beijing:Standards Press of China,2005(in Chinese).
[20]邵婷婷,张水利,张永波.两种剔除异常数据的方法比较[J].现代电子技术,2008(24):148-149.SHAO T T,ZHANG S L,ZHANG Y B.Comparison of two methods in eliminating the excrescent data[J].Modern Electronics Technique,2008(24):148-149(in Chinese).
[21]中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局,中国国家标准化管理委员会.纤维增强塑料巴氏(巴柯尔)硬度试验方法:GB/T 3854—2005[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2005.Inspection and Quarantine of the People’s Republic of China,Standardization Administration of the People’s Republic of China.Fibre-reinforced plastic composites—Determination of Barcol hardness:GB/T 3854—2005[S].Beijing:Standards Press of China,2005(in Chinese).
[22]SILVERSTEIN R M,WEBSTER F X,KIEMLE D,et al.Spectrometric identification of organic compounds[M].8th ed.Hoboken:John Wiley&Sons,2014:81-125.
[23]过梅丽,阳芳,范欣愉,等.聚合物基复合材料的湿扩散参数研究[J].复合材料学报,2001,18(1):34-37.GUO M L,YANG F,FAN X Y,et al.Moisture diffusion parameters of polymer matrix composites[J].Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica,2001,18(1):34-37(in Chinese).
[24]SPRINGER G,SANDERS B A,TUNG R W.Environmental effects on glass fiber reinforced polyester and vinylester composites[J].Journal of Composite Materials,1980,14(3):213-232.
[25]张颖军,朱锡,梅志远,等.聚合物基复合材料老化剩余强度等效预测方法研究[J].材料导报,2012,26(4):150-152.ZHANG Y J,ZHU X,MEI Z Y,et al.Equivalent estimating methods of ageing on polymer matrix composites residual strength[J].Materials Review,2012,26(4):150-152(in Chinese).
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