集装箱码头送箱集卡预约与场桥调度协同优化
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摘要
针对送箱集卡随机到港引起的场桥作业不均衡,以及高峰时段场桥资源紧缺、集装箱码头拥堵等问题,构建送箱集卡预约与场桥调度协同优化的二层规划模型.上层目标为集卡在闸口的排队等待时间、预约集港导致集港时段调整的集卡数及所有预约时段未完成作业量所需的场桥时间最小,下层目标为每个预约时段未完成作业量所需的场桥时间最小.设计并行遗传算法求解模型,并以天津东方海陆集装箱码头为例进行算例分析.结果表明,预约集港能够降低集卡在闸口的排队等待时间,且送箱集卡预约和场桥调度的协同优化比独立决策更有利于提高集港效率.
The randomness of truck arrivals often leads to many problems, such as workload imbalance of cranes among different period, shortage of cranes and terminal congestion during the peak arrival period. An bi-level programming model integrates truck appointment and crane deployment is developed. The minimum truck waiting time at the gate lanes, total number of trucks that shifted their originally intended arrival times, and total crane minutes of workload left at the end of each planning period are taken as the upper programming objectives. And the minimum crane minutes of workload left at the end of each period is taken as the follower programming objective. Then, the parallel genetic algorithm is designed to solve the model. Finally, numerical experiments based on the data of Tianjin Oriental container terminal are given. Calculation result shows that truck appointment for export containers is able to reduce the truck waiting time at the gate lanes. And the integrated optimization of truck appointment and crane deployment is more effective than the independent optimization for improving the efficiency of the container delivery process.
The randomness of truck arrivals often leads to many problems, such as workload imbalance of cranes among different period, shortage of cranes and terminal congestion during the peak arrival period. An bi-level programming model integrates truck appointment and crane deployment is developed. The minimum truck waiting time at the gate lanes, total number of trucks that shifted their originally intended arrival times, and total crane minutes of workload left at the end of each planning period are taken as the upper programming objectives. And the minimum crane minutes of workload left at the end of each period is taken as the follower programming objective. Then, the parallel genetic algorithm is designed to solve the model. Finally, numerical experiments based on the data of Tianjin Oriental container terminal are given. Calculation result shows that truck appointment for export containers is able to reduce the truck waiting time at the gate lanes. And the integrated optimization of truck appointment and crane deployment is more effective than the independent optimization for improving the efficiency of the container delivery process.
引文
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[3]李建忠.码头堆场龙门起重机动态配置优化模型[J].交通运输工程学报,2005,5(1):70-74.[LI J Z.Crane dynamic deployment model of container storage yard[J].Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering,2005,5(1):70-74.]
[4]吴达,冉祥辰.集装箱预约集港的探索与实践[J].港口经济,2012(3):5-9.[WU D,RAN X C.Exploration and practice of export container appointment in container terminals[J].Port Economy,2012(3):5-9.]
[5]ZHANG X,ZENG Q,CHEN W.Optimization model for truck appointment in container terminals[J].ProcediaSocial and Behavioral Sciences,2013,96(6):1938-1947.
[6]CHEN G,GOVINDAN K,GOLIAS M M.Reducing truck emissions at container terminals in a low carbon economy:Proposal of a queueing-based bi-objective model for optimizing truck arrival pattern[J].Transportation Research Part E,2013,55(6):3-22.
[7]曾庆成,张笑菊,张倩.内外集卡协同服务的码头集卡预约优化模型[J].交通运输工程学报,2016,16(1):115-122.[ZENG Q C,ZHANG X J,ZHANG Q.Optimization model of terminal container truck appointment based on coordinated service of inner and outer container trucks[J].Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering,2016,16(1):115-122.]
[8]邵乾虔,靳志宏,邢磊.基于联动预约模式的集装箱码头集疏港仿真优化[J].交通运输系统工程与信息,2016,16(4):217-224.[SHAO Q Q,JIN Z H,XING L.Simulation optimization of consolidation and configuration in container terminals based on cooperative appointment[J].Journal of Transportation Systems Engineering and Information Technology,2016,16(4):217-224.]
[2]LINN R,LIU J,WAN Y,et al.Rubber tired gantry crane deployment for container yard operation[J].Computers&Industrial Engineering,2003,45(3):429-442.
[3]李建忠.码头堆场龙门起重机动态配置优化模型[J].交通运输工程学报,2005,5(1):70-74.[LI J Z.Crane dynamic deployment model of container storage yard[J].Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering,2005,5(1):70-74.]
[4]吴达,冉祥辰.集装箱预约集港的探索与实践[J].港口经济,2012(3):5-9.[WU D,RAN X C.Exploration and practice of export container appointment in container terminals[J].Port Economy,2012(3):5-9.]
[5]ZHANG X,ZENG Q,CHEN W.Optimization model for truck appointment in container terminals[J].ProcediaSocial and Behavioral Sciences,2013,96(6):1938-1947.
[6]CHEN G,GOVINDAN K,GOLIAS M M.Reducing truck emissions at container terminals in a low carbon economy:Proposal of a queueing-based bi-objective model for optimizing truck arrival pattern[J].Transportation Research Part E,2013,55(6):3-22.
[7]曾庆成,张笑菊,张倩.内外集卡协同服务的码头集卡预约优化模型[J].交通运输工程学报,2016,16(1):115-122.[ZENG Q C,ZHANG X J,ZHANG Q.Optimization model of terminal container truck appointment based on coordinated service of inner and outer container trucks[J].Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering,2016,16(1):115-122.]
[8]邵乾虔,靳志宏,邢磊.基于联动预约模式的集装箱码头集疏港仿真优化[J].交通运输系统工程与信息,2016,16(4):217-224.[SHAO Q Q,JIN Z H,XING L.Simulation optimization of consolidation and configuration in container terminals based on cooperative appointment[J].Journal of Transportation Systems Engineering and Information Technology,2016,16(4):217-224.]