菊花扦插生根能力的量化评价
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摘要
测定了51个菊花品种插穗扦插12 d后的根数、平均根长、根粗、最长根长、根表面积、根投影面积和平均单根根尖数,对这7个形态指标进行相关性和主成分分析,采用隶属函数法对扦插苗的生根能力进行综合评价。结果表明:不同菊花品种的根数、平均根长、平均单根根尖数和最长根长的差异较大,但平均根粗、根表面积和根投影面积差异较小。主成分分析将7个单项指标转换成2个相互独立的因子,累积贡献率为84.01%。隶属函数法计算扦插苗生根能力的综合指标值、隶属函数值和综合得分后发现,综合得分值主要集中在0.20～0.40之间,共有23个品种,占总数的45.1%;综合得分值≥0.40的5个品种均为盆栽小菊,其中最大的‘钟山云歌’为0.88,生根能力最强;综合得分值≤0.10共10个品种,其中6个为传统秋菊,最小的‘国华由季’和‘国华八十祝’仅为0.03,生根能力最弱。
A total of 7 indexes in 51 chrysanthemum cultivars were identified after 12 days,including root number,average single length(L),average diameter(AD),the longest root length,root surface area(SA),root projected area(PA)and the average number of single root tips(N Tips). Base on the above statics,the rooting ability of different ornamental chrysanthemum cultivars were evaluated by the correlation and principal component of the 7 indexes and the subordinate function value method.Comparing with the longest root length,the extreme value of these materials showed significant differences of the distribution range in root number,L,N Tips,while the distribution range in AD,SA and PA showed no difference. There is a significant correlation among these indexes(P < 0.01)with all positively correlated. In addition,seven single items were translated into the two independent comprehensive indexes by the principal component analysis,and the cumulative contribution rate was84.01%. Furthermore,the comprehensive index,subordinate function values and the Score(D)were calculated by the subordinate function value method,the results showed that D values were mainly concentrated between 0.20 and 0.40,and there were 23 cultivars,accounting for 45.1% of the total;five potted chrysanthemum cultivars whose D value were more than 0.40,among of them,the highest was‘Zhongshan Yunge'with 0.88 with the strongest rooting ability of cutting. There were 10 cultivars with the value less than or equal to 0.10,among which 6 were traditional chrysanthemum,the lowest‘Guohua Youji'and‘Guohua Bashizhu'were only 0.03,and the rooting ability was the weakest.
A total of 7 indexes in 51 chrysanthemum cultivars were identified after 12 days,including root number,average single length(L),average diameter(AD),the longest root length,root surface area(SA),root projected area(PA)and the average number of single root tips(N Tips). Base on the above statics,the rooting ability of different ornamental chrysanthemum cultivars were evaluated by the correlation and principal component of the 7 indexes and the subordinate function value method.Comparing with the longest root length,the extreme value of these materials showed significant differences of the distribution range in root number,L,N Tips,while the distribution range in AD,SA and PA showed no difference. There is a significant correlation among these indexes(P < 0.01)with all positively correlated. In addition,seven single items were translated into the two independent comprehensive indexes by the principal component analysis,and the cumulative contribution rate was84.01%. Furthermore,the comprehensive index,subordinate function values and the Score(D)were calculated by the subordinate function value method,the results showed that D values were mainly concentrated between 0.20 and 0.40,and there were 23 cultivars,accounting for 45.1% of the total;five potted chrysanthemum cultivars whose D value were more than 0.40,among of them,the highest was‘Zhongshan Yunge'with 0.88 with the strongest rooting ability of cutting. There were 10 cultivars with the value less than or equal to 0.10,among which 6 were traditional chrysanthemum,the lowest‘Guohua Youji'and‘Guohua Bashizhu'were only 0.03,and the rooting ability was the weakest.
引文
De Almeida J B S A,Pivetta K F L.2003.Effect of storage of cuttings on the rooting of different cultivars of cut chrysanthemums(Dendranthema grandiflora Tzvelev)for two different seasons.Acta Horticulturae,(624):379-384.
Deng Y,Jiang J,Chen S,Huang C,Fang W,Chen F.2012.Drought tolerance of intergeneric hybrids between Chrysanthemum morifolium and Ajania przewalskii.Scientia Horticulturae,148(1):17-22.
Deng Yan-ming,Ye Xiao-qing,Liang Li-jian,Jia Xin-ping.2014.Comparison on hydroponic rooting ability and root-tip anatomical structure of different petal types of Jasminum sambac.Journal of Plant Resources&Environment,23(1):9-15.(in Chinese)邓衍明,叶晓青,梁丽建,贾新平.2014.不同瓣型茉莉水培生根能力及根尖解剖结构比较.植物资源与环境学报,23(1):9-15.
Lin Hai-ming,Du Zi-fang.2013.Some problems in comprehensive evaluation in the principal component analysis.Statistical Research,30(8):25-31.(in Chinese)林海明,杜子芳.2013.主成分分析综合评价应该注意的问题.统计研究,30(8):25-31.
Fu Bao-chun,Bo Wei.2014.Analyses of the subordinate function and the principal components of hosta drought resistance.Acta Agrestia Sinica,22(6):1324-1330.(in Chinese)付宝春,薄伟.2014.玉簪抗旱性隶属函数及主成分分析.草地学报,22(6):1324-1330.
Fu Tian,Zhang Yong,Zhong Chong-lu,Chen Yu,Jiang Qing-bin,Chen Zhen,Xu Gang-biao.2016.Study on the water-cultured rooting ability and its genetic variation among Casuarina glauca provenances.Journal of Central South University of Forestry&Technology,36(8):49-52,71.(in Chinese)付甜,张勇,仲崇禄,陈羽,姜清彬,陈珍,徐刚标.2016.粗枝木麻黄种源水培生根能力及遗传变异研究.中南林业科技大学报,36(8):49-52,71.
Gu Ling-yun,He Ya-jun,Li Fu-xiu.2010.Research on cutting rooting ability of Alnus ferdinandi-coburgii.Northern Horticulture,(22):84-89.(in Chinese)谷凌云,和亚君,李福秀.2010.川滇桤木扦插生根能力的研究.北方园艺,(22):84-89.
Han Rui-hong,Lu Xin-shi,Gao Gui-juan.2006.Analysis of the principal components and the subordinate function of alfalfa drought resistance.Acta Agrestia Sinica,14(2):142-146.(in Chinese)韩瑞宏,卢欣石,高桂娟.2016.紫花苜蓿抗旱性主成分及隶属函数分析.草地学报,14(2):142-146.
Honfi P.2004.Rooting in cuttings of chrysanthemum varieties.Biologia,59(13):99-101.
Li Ye-yun,Shu Xi-ting,Zhou Yue-qin.2014.Change in physiological characteristics and cold resistance evaluation of three cultivars of Camellia sinensis during natural overwintering period.Journal of Plant Resources&Environment,23(3):52-58.(in Chinese)李叶云,舒锡婷,周月琴.2014.自然越冬过程中3个茶树品种的生理特性变化及抗旱性评价.植物资源与环境学报,23(3):52-58.
Liao Wei-biao,Zhang Mei-ling,Wu Yong-hua,Xiao Hong-lang.2009.Effects of nitric oxide and hydrogen peroxide on rooting of ground-cover chrysanthemum cuttings.Acta Horticulturae Sinica,36(11):1643-1650.(in Chinese)廖伟彪,张美玲,吴永华,肖洪浪.2009.一氧化氮和过氧化氢对地被菊扦插生根的影响.园艺学报,36(11):1643-1650.
Liu Jin,Guan Jian-ping,Xu Dong-xu,Zhang Xiao-yan,Gu Jing,Zong Xu-xiao.2008.Analysis of genetic diversity and population structure in lentil(Lens culinaris Medik.)germplasm by ssr markers.Acta Agronomica Sinica,34(11),1901-1909.(in Chinese)刘金,关建平,徐东旭,张晓艳,顾竟,宗绪晓.2008.小扁豆种质资源SSR标记遗传多样性及群体结构分析.作物学报,34(11):1901-1909.
Liu Li-cheng,Yu Gang,Zhang Ying,Han Gui-jun,Chen Hao.2016.Effect of cutting time on rooting rate and related indexes of cuttings of Kolkwitzia amabilis and comprehensive evaluation on rooting effect.Journal of Plant Resources&Environment,25(2):48-54.(in Chinese)刘立成,余刚,张莹,韩桂军,陈昊.2016.扦插时间对蝟实插穗生根率和相关指标的影响及生根应综合评价.植物资源与环境学报,25(2):48-54.
Liu Xin-hong,He Xiao-yong,Su Dong-mei.2007.Establishment and application of integrated assessment system on cold resistance of different Zenia insignis provenances.Scientia Silvae Sinicae,43(10):45-50.(in Chinese)柳新红,何小勇,苏冬梅.2007.翅荚木种源抗寒性综合评价体系的构建与应用.林业科学,43(10):45-50.
Ma Ling-ling,Wang Peng,Zhang Zhen-yu,Li Lin-fang,Yang Ru-tong,Li Ya.2014.Evaluation on rooting ability of softwood cuttings on Catalpa.Northern Horticulture,(15):72-77.(in Chinese)马玲玲,王鹏,张振宇,李林芳,杨如同,李亚.2014.梓属植物嫩枝扦插生根能力的评价.北方园艺,(15):72-77.
Shi Qian-qian,Wang Yan,Zhou Lin,Huang Guo-wei.2012.Influence of rooting powder and culture substrata on rooting of different traditional cultivars of Paeonia suffruticosa.Northern Horticulture,(1):91-96.(in Chinese)史倩倩,王雁,周琳,黄国伟.2012.生根粉及不同基质对牡丹传统品种扦插的影响.北方园艺,(1):91-96.
Shi Yong-hong,Wan Li-qiang,Liu Jian-ning.2010.Analysis of the principal components and the subordinate function of lolium perenne drought resistance.Acta Agrestia Sinica,18(5):669-672.(in Chinese)石永红,万里强,刘建宁.2010.多年生黑麦草抗旱性主成分及隶属函数分析.草地学报,18(5):669-672.
Sun Jing-shuang,Jia Gui-xia,Tao Xia-juan,Sun Chang-zhong.2013.Change of physiological indexes of leaves and comprehensive evaluation of adaptability of four tree species of Juniperus Linn.during the overwintering period.Journal of Plant Resources and Environment,22(2):59-66.(in Chinese)孙敬爽,贾桂霞,陶霞娟,孙长忠.2013.越冬过程中刺柏属4树种叶片生理指标变化及适应性综合评价.植物资源与环境学报,22(2):59-66.
Tian Hong,Xiong Hai-qian,Xiong Jun-bo.2015.Comprehensive evaluation of the production performance of 14 silage maize varieties by principal component analysis and subordinate function method.Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis,(2):249-259.(in Chinese)田宏,熊海谦,熊军波.2015.采用主成分分析和隶属函数法综合评价14份青贮玉米品种的生产性能.江西农业大学学报,(2):249-259.
Upadhyaya H D,Nigam S N,Singh S.2001.Evaluation of groundnut core collection to identify sources of tolerance to low temperature at germination.Indian Journal of Plant Genetic Resources,4(2):165-167.
Upadhyaya H D,Reddy L J,Gowda C L L,Singh S.2006.Identification of diverse groundnut germplasm:sources of early maturity in a core collection.Field Crops Research,7(2):261-271.
Wang Meng-ben,Zhang Qiang.2009.Issues in using the WinRHIZO system to determine physical characteristics of plant fine roots.Acta Ecologica Sinica,29(2):136-138.
Yang Xue-meng,Fang Wei-min,Chen Fa-di,Chen Su-mei.2009.Comprehensive evaluation of rooting ability of cuttings from different chrysanthemum cultivars by synthetical weight analysis.Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis,(4):650-654,665.(in Chinese)杨雪萌,房伟民,陈发棣,陈素梅.2009.综合权重法评价不同菊花品种的扦插生根能力.江西农业大学学报,(4):650-654,665.
Zhang Meng-ren.2008.Cuttage experiment of chrysanthemums with IBA and NAA.Northern Horticulture,(9):130-131.(in Chinese)张孟仁.2008.IBA和NAA处理菊花扦插生根试验.北方园艺,(9):130-131.
Zheng Cheng-shu,Wang Wen-li,Sun Xian-zhi,Liang Fang.2007.Effect of nutrient-mist on rooting and physiological and biochemical metabolism of chrysanthemum cuttings.Journal of Shandong Agricultural University,4:561-565.(in Chinese)郑成淑,王文莉,孙宪芝,梁芳.2007.喷施营养液对菊花扦插生根和生理生化代谢的影响.山东农业大学学报,4:561-565.
Zheng Cheng-shu,Wang Wen-li,Sun Xian-zhi,Liang Fang,Zhang Cui-hua.2008.Effects of Ca2+on antioxidant enzyme activities during rooting of chrysanthemum cuttings.Acta Horticulturae Sinica,35(2):263-268.(in Chinese)郑成淑,王文莉,孙宪芝,梁芳,张翠华.2008.硝酸钙处理对菊花扦插生根及抗氧化酶活性的影响.园艺学报,35(2):263-268.
Deng Y,Jiang J,Chen S,Huang C,Fang W,Chen F.2012.Drought tolerance of intergeneric hybrids between Chrysanthemum morifolium and Ajania przewalskii.Scientia Horticulturae,148(1):17-22.
Deng Yan-ming,Ye Xiao-qing,Liang Li-jian,Jia Xin-ping.2014.Comparison on hydroponic rooting ability and root-tip anatomical structure of different petal types of Jasminum sambac.Journal of Plant Resources&Environment,23(1):9-15.(in Chinese)邓衍明,叶晓青,梁丽建,贾新平.2014.不同瓣型茉莉水培生根能力及根尖解剖结构比较.植物资源与环境学报,23(1):9-15.
Lin Hai-ming,Du Zi-fang.2013.Some problems in comprehensive evaluation in the principal component analysis.Statistical Research,30(8):25-31.(in Chinese)林海明,杜子芳.2013.主成分分析综合评价应该注意的问题.统计研究,30(8):25-31.
Fu Bao-chun,Bo Wei.2014.Analyses of the subordinate function and the principal components of hosta drought resistance.Acta Agrestia Sinica,22(6):1324-1330.(in Chinese)付宝春,薄伟.2014.玉簪抗旱性隶属函数及主成分分析.草地学报,22(6):1324-1330.
Fu Tian,Zhang Yong,Zhong Chong-lu,Chen Yu,Jiang Qing-bin,Chen Zhen,Xu Gang-biao.2016.Study on the water-cultured rooting ability and its genetic variation among Casuarina glauca provenances.Journal of Central South University of Forestry&Technology,36(8):49-52,71.(in Chinese)付甜,张勇,仲崇禄,陈羽,姜清彬,陈珍,徐刚标.2016.粗枝木麻黄种源水培生根能力及遗传变异研究.中南林业科技大学报,36(8):49-52,71.
Gu Ling-yun,He Ya-jun,Li Fu-xiu.2010.Research on cutting rooting ability of Alnus ferdinandi-coburgii.Northern Horticulture,(22):84-89.(in Chinese)谷凌云,和亚君,李福秀.2010.川滇桤木扦插生根能力的研究.北方园艺,(22):84-89.
Han Rui-hong,Lu Xin-shi,Gao Gui-juan.2006.Analysis of the principal components and the subordinate function of alfalfa drought resistance.Acta Agrestia Sinica,14(2):142-146.(in Chinese)韩瑞宏,卢欣石,高桂娟.2016.紫花苜蓿抗旱性主成分及隶属函数分析.草地学报,14(2):142-146.
Honfi P.2004.Rooting in cuttings of chrysanthemum varieties.Biologia,59(13):99-101.
Li Ye-yun,Shu Xi-ting,Zhou Yue-qin.2014.Change in physiological characteristics and cold resistance evaluation of three cultivars of Camellia sinensis during natural overwintering period.Journal of Plant Resources&Environment,23(3):52-58.(in Chinese)李叶云,舒锡婷,周月琴.2014.自然越冬过程中3个茶树品种的生理特性变化及抗旱性评价.植物资源与环境学报,23(3):52-58.
Liao Wei-biao,Zhang Mei-ling,Wu Yong-hua,Xiao Hong-lang.2009.Effects of nitric oxide and hydrogen peroxide on rooting of ground-cover chrysanthemum cuttings.Acta Horticulturae Sinica,36(11):1643-1650.(in Chinese)廖伟彪,张美玲,吴永华,肖洪浪.2009.一氧化氮和过氧化氢对地被菊扦插生根的影响.园艺学报,36(11):1643-1650.
Liu Jin,Guan Jian-ping,Xu Dong-xu,Zhang Xiao-yan,Gu Jing,Zong Xu-xiao.2008.Analysis of genetic diversity and population structure in lentil(Lens culinaris Medik.)germplasm by ssr markers.Acta Agronomica Sinica,34(11),1901-1909.(in Chinese)刘金,关建平,徐东旭,张晓艳,顾竟,宗绪晓.2008.小扁豆种质资源SSR标记遗传多样性及群体结构分析.作物学报,34(11):1901-1909.
Liu Li-cheng,Yu Gang,Zhang Ying,Han Gui-jun,Chen Hao.2016.Effect of cutting time on rooting rate and related indexes of cuttings of Kolkwitzia amabilis and comprehensive evaluation on rooting effect.Journal of Plant Resources&Environment,25(2):48-54.(in Chinese)刘立成,余刚,张莹,韩桂军,陈昊.2016.扦插时间对蝟实插穗生根率和相关指标的影响及生根应综合评价.植物资源与环境学报,25(2):48-54.
Liu Xin-hong,He Xiao-yong,Su Dong-mei.2007.Establishment and application of integrated assessment system on cold resistance of different Zenia insignis provenances.Scientia Silvae Sinicae,43(10):45-50.(in Chinese)柳新红,何小勇,苏冬梅.2007.翅荚木种源抗寒性综合评价体系的构建与应用.林业科学,43(10):45-50.
Ma Ling-ling,Wang Peng,Zhang Zhen-yu,Li Lin-fang,Yang Ru-tong,Li Ya.2014.Evaluation on rooting ability of softwood cuttings on Catalpa.Northern Horticulture,(15):72-77.(in Chinese)马玲玲,王鹏,张振宇,李林芳,杨如同,李亚.2014.梓属植物嫩枝扦插生根能力的评价.北方园艺,(15):72-77.
Shi Qian-qian,Wang Yan,Zhou Lin,Huang Guo-wei.2012.Influence of rooting powder and culture substrata on rooting of different traditional cultivars of Paeonia suffruticosa.Northern Horticulture,(1):91-96.(in Chinese)史倩倩,王雁,周琳,黄国伟.2012.生根粉及不同基质对牡丹传统品种扦插的影响.北方园艺,(1):91-96.
Shi Yong-hong,Wan Li-qiang,Liu Jian-ning.2010.Analysis of the principal components and the subordinate function of lolium perenne drought resistance.Acta Agrestia Sinica,18(5):669-672.(in Chinese)石永红,万里强,刘建宁.2010.多年生黑麦草抗旱性主成分及隶属函数分析.草地学报,18(5):669-672.
Sun Jing-shuang,Jia Gui-xia,Tao Xia-juan,Sun Chang-zhong.2013.Change of physiological indexes of leaves and comprehensive evaluation of adaptability of four tree species of Juniperus Linn.during the overwintering period.Journal of Plant Resources and Environment,22(2):59-66.(in Chinese)孙敬爽,贾桂霞,陶霞娟,孙长忠.2013.越冬过程中刺柏属4树种叶片生理指标变化及适应性综合评价.植物资源与环境学报,22(2):59-66.
Tian Hong,Xiong Hai-qian,Xiong Jun-bo.2015.Comprehensive evaluation of the production performance of 14 silage maize varieties by principal component analysis and subordinate function method.Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis,(2):249-259.(in Chinese)田宏,熊海谦,熊军波.2015.采用主成分分析和隶属函数法综合评价14份青贮玉米品种的生产性能.江西农业大学学报,(2):249-259.
Upadhyaya H D,Nigam S N,Singh S.2001.Evaluation of groundnut core collection to identify sources of tolerance to low temperature at germination.Indian Journal of Plant Genetic Resources,4(2):165-167.
Upadhyaya H D,Reddy L J,Gowda C L L,Singh S.2006.Identification of diverse groundnut germplasm:sources of early maturity in a core collection.Field Crops Research,7(2):261-271.
Wang Meng-ben,Zhang Qiang.2009.Issues in using the WinRHIZO system to determine physical characteristics of plant fine roots.Acta Ecologica Sinica,29(2):136-138.
Yang Xue-meng,Fang Wei-min,Chen Fa-di,Chen Su-mei.2009.Comprehensive evaluation of rooting ability of cuttings from different chrysanthemum cultivars by synthetical weight analysis.Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis,(4):650-654,665.(in Chinese)杨雪萌,房伟民,陈发棣,陈素梅.2009.综合权重法评价不同菊花品种的扦插生根能力.江西农业大学学报,(4):650-654,665.
Zhang Meng-ren.2008.Cuttage experiment of chrysanthemums with IBA and NAA.Northern Horticulture,(9):130-131.(in Chinese)张孟仁.2008.IBA和NAA处理菊花扦插生根试验.北方园艺,(9):130-131.
Zheng Cheng-shu,Wang Wen-li,Sun Xian-zhi,Liang Fang.2007.Effect of nutrient-mist on rooting and physiological and biochemical metabolism of chrysanthemum cuttings.Journal of Shandong Agricultural University,4:561-565.(in Chinese)郑成淑,王文莉,孙宪芝,梁芳.2007.喷施营养液对菊花扦插生根和生理生化代谢的影响.山东农业大学学报,4:561-565.
Zheng Cheng-shu,Wang Wen-li,Sun Xian-zhi,Liang Fang,Zhang Cui-hua.2008.Effects of Ca2+on antioxidant enzyme activities during rooting of chrysanthemum cuttings.Acta Horticulturae Sinica,35(2):263-268.(in Chinese)郑成淑,王文莉,孙宪芝,梁芳,张翠华.2008.硝酸钙处理对菊花扦插生根及抗氧化酶活性的影响.园艺学报,35(2):263-268.