降温方式对厌氧氨氧化脱氮性能的影响
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摘要
考察一次性降温和阶梯式降温对厌氧氨氧化反应器(ASBR)脱氮性能的影响。一次性降温方式(30℃降至15℃),阶梯式降温方式(30℃降至25℃,再降至20℃,最后降至15℃)。温度30℃时,NH_4~+-N和NO_2~--N的去除率分别为97.3%和98.5%,总氮去除速率为5.12 mg·(g·h)~(-1),?NO_2~--N/?NH_4~+-N为1.33,厌氧氨氧化活性(SAA)为0.139 g·(g·d)~(-1)。一次性降温至15℃时,NH_4~+-N和NO_2~--N的去除率分别降至47.9%和55.1%,总氮去除速率降至2.74 mg·(g·h)~(-1),?NO_2~--N/?NH_4~+-N升至1.51,SAA降至0.071 g·(g·d)~(-1)。阶梯式降温至15℃时,NH_4~+-N和NO_2~--N的去除率降至51.6%和61.2%,总氮去除速率降至3.22 mg·(g·h)~(-1),?NO_2~--N/?NH_4~+-N升至1.48,SAA降为0.083 g·(g·d)~(-1)。阶梯式降温方式脱氮性能更佳。
The denitrification performance of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor(ASBR) under one time cooling and step cooling was compared and analyzed in this experience. One time cooling method(30 ℃ down to 15 ℃), step cooling method(30 ℃ down to 25 ℃, then decrease to 20 ℃,finally fall to 15 ℃). The removal rates of NH_4~+-N and NO_2~--N were 97.3% and 98.5%, respectively, and the specific nitrogen removal rate was5.12 mg·(g·h)~(-1), and the ?NO_2~--N/?NH_4~+-N was 1.33 and the specific anammox activity(SAA) was 0.139 g·(g·d)~(-1) when the temperature was controlled at 30 ℃. The removal rates of NH_4~+-N and NO_2~--N reduced to 48.0% and56.1%, respectively, and the specific nitrogen removal rate dropped to 2.74 mg·(g·h)~(-1), and the ?NO_2~--N/?NH_4~+-N increased to 1.51 and SAA decreased to 0.071 g·(g·d)~(-1) when the temperature was cooled one-time from 30 ℃ to15 ℃. However the removal rates of NH_4~+-N and NO_2~--N reduced to 51.6% and 61.2%, respectively, and the specific nitrogen removal rate dropped to 3.22 mg·(g·h)~(-1), and the ?NO_2~--N/?NH_4~+-N increased to 1.48 and SAA reduced to 0.083 g·(g·d)~(-1) when the temperature was cooled step by step to 15 ℃, which suggested that the nitrogen removal performance of step cooling method was superior to that of one-time cooling method.
The denitrification performance of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor(ASBR) under one time cooling and step cooling was compared and analyzed in this experience. One time cooling method(30 ℃ down to 15 ℃), step cooling method(30 ℃ down to 25 ℃, then decrease to 20 ℃,finally fall to 15 ℃). The removal rates of NH_4~+-N and NO_2~--N were 97.3% and 98.5%, respectively, and the specific nitrogen removal rate was5.12 mg·(g·h)~(-1), and the ?NO_2~--N/?NH_4~+-N was 1.33 and the specific anammox activity(SAA) was 0.139 g·(g·d)~(-1) when the temperature was controlled at 30 ℃. The removal rates of NH_4~+-N and NO_2~--N reduced to 48.0% and56.1%, respectively, and the specific nitrogen removal rate dropped to 2.74 mg·(g·h)~(-1), and the ?NO_2~--N/?NH_4~+-N increased to 1.51 and SAA decreased to 0.071 g·(g·d)~(-1) when the temperature was cooled one-time from 30 ℃ to15 ℃. However the removal rates of NH_4~+-N and NO_2~--N reduced to 51.6% and 61.2%, respectively, and the specific nitrogen removal rate dropped to 3.22 mg·(g·h)~(-1), and the ?NO_2~--N/?NH_4~+-N increased to 1.48 and SAA reduced to 0.083 g·(g·d)~(-1) when the temperature was cooled step by step to 15 ℃, which suggested that the nitrogen removal performance of step cooling method was superior to that of one-time cooling method.
引文
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[24]杨洋,左剑恶,沈平,等.温度、p H和有机物对厌氧氨氧化污泥活性的影响[J].环境科学,2006,27(4):691-695.
[25]赵华南.SBR运行方式、温度及C/N对生物脱氮过程胞外聚合物(EPS)组分的影响[D].兰州:兰州交通大学,2016.
[2]张壮志,常维山,孙磊.水体富营养化中的氮素污染及生物防治技术研究现状[J].山西农业科学,2008,36(6):13-15.
[3]刘晓琎.传统生物脱氮除磷与反硝化除磷脱氮工艺的比较[J].科技情报开发与经济,2010,25(2):130-132.
[4]王静,郝建安,张爱君,等.厌氧氨氧化反应研究进展[J].水处理技术,2014,40(3):1-4.
[5]张永辉,彭永臻,曾立云,等.常温低基质厌氧氨氧化ASBR反应器的快速启动[J].工业水处理,2017,37(2):43-47.
[6]胡倩怡,郑平,康达.厌氧氨氧化菌的种类、特性与检测[J].应用与环境生物学报,2017,23(2):384-391.DOI:10.3724/SP.J1145.2016.04022.
[7]PUYOL D,CARVAJALARROYO J M,GARCIA B,et al.Kinetics and thermodynamics of anaerobic ammonium oxidation process using Brocadia spp.dominated mixed cultures[J].Water Science and Technology,2014,69(8):1682-1688.
[8]储昭瑞,张杰.厌氧氨氧化反应器启动及微生物群落结构解析[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2012.
[9]李祥,黄勇,袁怡.厌氧氨氧化菌活性恢复及富集培养研究[J].环境污染与防治,2010,32(1):61-66.
[10]VAN DER STAR W R L,ABMA W R,BLOMMERS D,et al.Startup of reactors for anoxic ammonium oxidation:Experiences from the first full-scale anammox reactor in Rotterdam[J].Water Research,2007,41(18):4149-4163.DOI:10.1016/j.watres.2007.03.044.
[11]APHA.Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater[M].21st ed.Washington,DC:American Public Health Association,2007.
[12]曹占平,张宏伟,张景丽.污泥龄对膜生物反应器污泥特性及膜污染的影响[J].中国环境科学,2009,29(4):386-390.
[13]宋成康,王亚宜,韩海成,等.温度降低对厌氧氨氧化脱氮效能及污泥胞外聚合物的影响[J].中国环境科学,2016,36(7):2006-2013.
[14]李祥,黄勇,郑宇慧,等.温度对厌氧氨氧化反应器脱氮效能稳定性的影响[J].环境科学,2012,33(4):1288-1292.DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.2012.04.047.
[15]LOTTI T,KLEEREBEZEM R,VANERP-TAALMANKIP C,et al.Anammox growth on pretreated municipal wastewater[J].Environmental Science Technology,2014,48:7874-7880.DOI:10.1021/es500632k.
[16]LOTTI T,KLEEREBEZEM R,VAN LOOSDRECHT M C M.Effect of temperature change on anammox activity[J].Biotechnology and Bioengineering,2015,112(1):98-103.DOI:10.1002/bit.25333.
[17]VANDEGRAAF A A,MULDER A,BRUIJIN P,et al.Anaerobic oxidation of ammonium is a biologically mediated process[J].Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology,1995,64(4):1246-1251.
[18]姚俊芹,刘志辉,周少奇.温度变化对厌氧氨氧化反应的影响[J].环境工程学报,2013,7(10):3993-3996.
[19]杨朝晖,徐峥勇,曾光明,等.不同低温驯化策略下的厌氧氨氧化活性[J].中国环境科学,2007,27(3):300-305.
[20]徐巧.低温生物处理有机废水的研究[D].无锡:江南大学,2009.
[21]马斌.城市污水连续流短程硝化厌氧氨氧化脱氮工艺与技术[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2012.
[22]STROUS M,HEIJNEN J J,KUENEN J J,et al.The sequencing batch reactor as a powerful tool for the study of slowly growing anaerobic ammonium-oxidizing microorganisms[J].Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology,1998,50(5):589-596.
[23]SCHMIDT I,LOOK C,BOCK E,et al.Ammonium and hydroxylamine uptake and accumulation in Nitrosomonas[J].Microbiology,2004,150(5):1405-1412.DOI:10.1099/mic.0.26719-0.
[24]杨洋,左剑恶,沈平,等.温度、p H和有机物对厌氧氨氧化污泥活性的影响[J].环境科学,2006,27(4):691-695.
[25]赵华南.SBR运行方式、温度及C/N对生物脱氮过程胞外聚合物(EPS)组分的影响[D].兰州:兰州交通大学,2016.