MMC-HVDC启动过程用限流电阻保护策略
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摘要
柔性直流输电工程通过投入限流电阻来限制启动过程中的过电流,但目前缺乏对限流电阻本体的保护措施,存在保护空白区。因此,首先分析了MMC-HVDC启动过程中限流电阻的电气特性和现有控保策略,阐明了现有保护方法存在空白区的现状。然后根据限流电阻负荷特性提出了反时限保护模型,并设计了反时限保护电路。进而系统性提出了限流电阻保护配置方案,方案以反时限保护作为限流电阻本体的主保护,同时配备了过流Ⅰ段快速保护、过流Ⅱ段快速保护、充电时间保护3种辅助保护方法。最后依托厦门柔性直流输电工程给出了限流电阻保护设计实例并进行了相关试验。在某起试验中,充电电流未正常衰减,限流电阻热效应积累严重,反时限保护在4.67 s后及时动作,验证了所提出的限流电阻保护策略的正确性和有效性。
The over-current in MMC-HVDC startup process is limited by the current suppression resistor, but there is a blank area in protecting current suppression resistor. First,we analyzed the electrical characteristics and the existing control strategy of the current suppression resistor, and described the current situation of the protection blank area in the existing protection methods. Then, we proposed an inverse time protection model according to the load characteristics of current suppression resistor, and designed an inverse time protection circuit. Moreover, we put forward systematically the scheme of current suppression resistor protection configuration The scheme uses inverse time protection as the main protection of current suppression resistor, and three kinds of auxiliary protection methods are equipped with over-current Ⅰsegment fast protection, over-current Ⅱ segment rapid protection and charge time protection. Finally, based on the Xiamen HVDC flexible transmission project, the design example of the current suppression resistor protection was given and the related tests were carried out. In one test, the charging current is not attenuated and the thermal effect of the current suppression resistor is seriously accumulated, and then the inverse time protection is acted in time after 4.67 s. The test results verify the correctness and effectiveness of the current suppression resistor protection strategy proposed in this paper.
The over-current in MMC-HVDC startup process is limited by the current suppression resistor, but there is a blank area in protecting current suppression resistor. First,we analyzed the electrical characteristics and the existing control strategy of the current suppression resistor, and described the current situation of the protection blank area in the existing protection methods. Then, we proposed an inverse time protection model according to the load characteristics of current suppression resistor, and designed an inverse time protection circuit. Moreover, we put forward systematically the scheme of current suppression resistor protection configuration The scheme uses inverse time protection as the main protection of current suppression resistor, and three kinds of auxiliary protection methods are equipped with over-current Ⅰsegment fast protection, over-current Ⅱ segment rapid protection and charge time protection. Finally, based on the Xiamen HVDC flexible transmission project, the design example of the current suppression resistor protection was given and the related tests were carried out. In one test, the charging current is not attenuated and the thermal effect of the current suppression resistor is seriously accumulated, and then the inverse time protection is acted in time after 4.67 s. The test results verify the correctness and effectiveness of the current suppression resistor protection strategy proposed in this paper.
引文
[1]孔明,邱宇峰,贺之渊,等.模块化多电平式柔性直流输电换流器的预充电控制策略[J].电网技术,2011,35(1):67-73.KONGMing,QIUYufeng,HEZhiyuan,etal.Pre-chargingcontrol strategiesofmodularmultilevelconverterforVSC-HVDC[J].Power System Technology, 2011, 35(1):67-73.
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[3]张静,徐政,陈海荣. VSC-HVDC系统启动控制[J].电工技术学报,2009,24(9):159-165.ZHANG Jing, XU Zheng, CHEN Hairong. Startup procedures for the VSC-HVDC system[J]. Transaction of China Electrotechnical Society,2009, 24(9):159-165.
[4]李超,唐志军,郭健生,等. MMC-HVDC停运放电过程分析及放电时间定值整定[J].高电压技术,2017,43(4):1137-1143.LIChao,TANGZhijun,GUOJiansheng,etal.Dischargeprocess analysisanddischargetimesettingmethodofmodularmultilevel converter based HVDC after shutdown[J]. High Voltage Engineering,2017, 43(4):1137-1143.
[5]姬煜轲,赵成勇,李承昱,等.含新能源接入的柔性直流电网启动策略及仿真[J].电力系统自动化,2017,41(4):98-104.JIYuke,ZHAOChengyong,LI Chengyu,etal. Start-up strategyand simulationofflexibleDCgridwithrenewableenergysource[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2017, 41(4):98-104.
[6]周月宾,江道灼,郭捷,等.模块化多电平换流器型直流输电系统的启停控制[J].电网技术,2012,36(3):204-209.ZHOU Yuebin, JIANG Daozhuo, GUO Jie, et al. Start/stop control of modularmultilevelconverterbasedHVDCtransmissionsystem[J].Power System Technology, 2012, 36(3):204-209.
[7]宋平岗,李云丰,王立娜. MMC-HVDC电容协同预充电控制策略[J].高电压技术,2014,40(8):2471-2477.SONGPinggang,LIYunfeng,WANGLina.Capacitorcoordinating pre-charging control strategy of MMC-HVDC[J]. High Voltage Engineering, 2014, 40(8):2471-2477.
[8]薛英林,徐政.基于箝位双子模块的MMC-HVDC起动控制策略[J].电力系统保护与控制,2013,41(11):1-7.XUEYinglin,XUZheng.StartcontrolfortheMMC-HVDCsystem basedonclampdoublesubmodule[J].PowerSystemProtectionand Control, 2013, 41(11):1-7.
[9]冯明,李兴源,李宽,等.多端柔性直流输电系统启动控制及其仿真[J].电力系统保护与控制,2013,41(14):60-65.FENG Ming, LI Xingyuan, LI Kuan, et al. Control and simulation of VSC-MTDC start-up procedure[J]. Power System Protection and Control, 2013, 41(14):60-65.
[10]卢毓欣,赵晓斌,黄莹,等.多端柔性直流输电系统启动回路设备选型与启动策略[J].南方电网技术,2015,9(4):68-74.LUYuxin,ZHAOXiaobin,HUANGYing,etal.Start-upcircuitdevice selection and start-up strategy for VSC-MTDC power system[J].Southern Power System Technology, 2015, 9(4):68-74.
[11]郭俊波,陈涛.基于MMC换流阀的柔性直流换流站启动回路刀闸操作分析与探讨[J].智能电网,2017,5(2):124-127.GUOJunbo,CHENTao.Operationanalysisanddiscussiononthe knife-switch of start-up circuit in flexible DC converter station based on MMC converter valve[J]. Smart Grid, 2017, 5(2):124-127.
[12]MATTSSON I, RAILING B D, WILLIAMS B, et a1. Murraylink, the longestundergroundHVDCcableintheworld[C]//CIGRESession.Pairs, France:[s.n.], 2004:103.
[13]RAILINGBD,MOREAUG,RONSTR?ML,eta1.Crosssound cableprojectsecondgenerationVSCtechnologyforHVDC[C]//CIGRE Session. Pairs, France:[s.n.], 2004:102.
[14]董云龙,凌卫家,田杰,等.舟山多端柔性直流输电控制保护系统[J].电力自动化设备,2016,36(7):169-175.DONG Yunlong, LING Weijia, TIAN Jie, et al. Control&protection systemforZhoushanmulti-terminalVSC-HVDC[J].ElectricPower Automation Equipment, 2016, 36(7):169-175.
[15]李超,唐志军,林国栋,等.MMC静态直流充电时电容均压特性研究和保护定值整定[J].电力系统自动化,2016,40(21):34-39.LI Chao, TANG Zhijun, LIN Guodong, et al. Voltage-sharing characteristics and protection value setting of modular multilevel converter at staticDCchargingstate[J].AutomationofElectricPowerSystems,2016, 40(21):34-39.
[16]孔明.模块化多电平VSC-HVDC换流器充电动态特性及其控制研究[D].北京:中国电力科学研究院,2011:12-22.KONGMing.Theresearchonthechargingdynamiccharacteristics andcontrolstrategiesofmodularmultilevelconverterbased VSC-HVDCsystem[D].Beijing,China:ChinaElectricPowerResearch Institute, 2011:12-22.
[17]徐政,刘高任,张哲任.柔性直流输电网的故障保护原理研究[J].高电压技术,2017,43(1):1-8.XUZheng,LIUGaoren,ZHANGZheren.Researchonfaultprotection principle of DC grids[J]. High Voltage Engineering, 2017, 43(1):1-8.
[18]胡文旺,唐志军,林国栋,等.柔性直流控制保护系统方案及其工程应用[J].电力系统自动化,2016,40(21):27-33.HU Wenwang, TANG Zhijun, LIN Guodong, et al. Scheme and engineeringapplicationofflexibleDCcontrolandprotectionsystem[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2016, 40(21):27-33.
[19]李兴源,曾琦,王渝红,等.柔性直流输电系统控制研究综述[J].高电压技术,2016,42(10):3025-3037.LIXingyuan,ZENGQi,WANGYuhong,etal.Controlstrategiesof voltagesourceconverterbaseddirectcurrenttransmissionsystem[J].High Voltage Engineering, 2016, 42(10):3025-3037.
[20]李超,唐志军,林国栋,等.模块化多电平换流器子模块均压电阻参数优化策略[J].电力自动化设备,2017,37(10):146-152.LI Chao, TANG Zhijun, LIN Guodong, et al. Parameter optimization strategy of sub-module balancing resistor in MMC[J]. Electric Power Automation Equipment, 2017, 37(10):146-152.
[21]国网福建省电力有限公司电力科学研究院.柔性直流输电系统调试技术[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2017:66-84.StateGrid FujianElectric PowerResearch Institute.DebuggingtechnologyofHVDCflexibletransmissionsystem[M].Beijing,China:China Electric Power Press, 2017:66-84.
[22]李超,胡文旺,唐志军,等.对称双极柔性直流输电系统功率转带控制策略[J].高电压技术,2018,44(7):2173-2180.LI Chao, HU Wenwang, TANG Zhijun, et al. Control strategy of powertransferinbipolarHVDCflexibletransmissionsystem[J].High Voltage Engineering, 2018, 44(7):2173-2180.
[2]陈海荣,张静,潘武略.电压源换流器型直流输电系统的启动控制[J].高电压技术,2009,35(5):1164-1169.CHEN Hairong, ZHANG Jing, PAN Wulüe. Start-up of VSC based on HVDC system[J]. High Voltage Engineering, 2009, 35(5):1164-1169.
[3]张静,徐政,陈海荣. VSC-HVDC系统启动控制[J].电工技术学报,2009,24(9):159-165.ZHANG Jing, XU Zheng, CHEN Hairong. Startup procedures for the VSC-HVDC system[J]. Transaction of China Electrotechnical Society,2009, 24(9):159-165.
[4]李超,唐志军,郭健生,等. MMC-HVDC停运放电过程分析及放电时间定值整定[J].高电压技术,2017,43(4):1137-1143.LIChao,TANGZhijun,GUOJiansheng,etal.Dischargeprocess analysisanddischargetimesettingmethodofmodularmultilevel converter based HVDC after shutdown[J]. High Voltage Engineering,2017, 43(4):1137-1143.
[5]姬煜轲,赵成勇,李承昱,等.含新能源接入的柔性直流电网启动策略及仿真[J].电力系统自动化,2017,41(4):98-104.JIYuke,ZHAOChengyong,LI Chengyu,etal. Start-up strategyand simulationofflexibleDCgridwithrenewableenergysource[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2017, 41(4):98-104.
[6]周月宾,江道灼,郭捷,等.模块化多电平换流器型直流输电系统的启停控制[J].电网技术,2012,36(3):204-209.ZHOU Yuebin, JIANG Daozhuo, GUO Jie, et al. Start/stop control of modularmultilevelconverterbasedHVDCtransmissionsystem[J].Power System Technology, 2012, 36(3):204-209.
[7]宋平岗,李云丰,王立娜. MMC-HVDC电容协同预充电控制策略[J].高电压技术,2014,40(8):2471-2477.SONGPinggang,LIYunfeng,WANGLina.Capacitorcoordinating pre-charging control strategy of MMC-HVDC[J]. High Voltage Engineering, 2014, 40(8):2471-2477.
[8]薛英林,徐政.基于箝位双子模块的MMC-HVDC起动控制策略[J].电力系统保护与控制,2013,41(11):1-7.XUEYinglin,XUZheng.StartcontrolfortheMMC-HVDCsystem basedonclampdoublesubmodule[J].PowerSystemProtectionand Control, 2013, 41(11):1-7.
[9]冯明,李兴源,李宽,等.多端柔性直流输电系统启动控制及其仿真[J].电力系统保护与控制,2013,41(14):60-65.FENG Ming, LI Xingyuan, LI Kuan, et al. Control and simulation of VSC-MTDC start-up procedure[J]. Power System Protection and Control, 2013, 41(14):60-65.
[10]卢毓欣,赵晓斌,黄莹,等.多端柔性直流输电系统启动回路设备选型与启动策略[J].南方电网技术,2015,9(4):68-74.LUYuxin,ZHAOXiaobin,HUANGYing,etal.Start-upcircuitdevice selection and start-up strategy for VSC-MTDC power system[J].Southern Power System Technology, 2015, 9(4):68-74.
[11]郭俊波,陈涛.基于MMC换流阀的柔性直流换流站启动回路刀闸操作分析与探讨[J].智能电网,2017,5(2):124-127.GUOJunbo,CHENTao.Operationanalysisanddiscussiononthe knife-switch of start-up circuit in flexible DC converter station based on MMC converter valve[J]. Smart Grid, 2017, 5(2):124-127.
[12]MATTSSON I, RAILING B D, WILLIAMS B, et a1. Murraylink, the longestundergroundHVDCcableintheworld[C]//CIGRESession.Pairs, France:[s.n.], 2004:103.
[13]RAILINGBD,MOREAUG,RONSTR?ML,eta1.Crosssound cableprojectsecondgenerationVSCtechnologyforHVDC[C]//CIGRE Session. Pairs, France:[s.n.], 2004:102.
[14]董云龙,凌卫家,田杰,等.舟山多端柔性直流输电控制保护系统[J].电力自动化设备,2016,36(7):169-175.DONG Yunlong, LING Weijia, TIAN Jie, et al. Control&protection systemforZhoushanmulti-terminalVSC-HVDC[J].ElectricPower Automation Equipment, 2016, 36(7):169-175.
[15]李超,唐志军,林国栋,等.MMC静态直流充电时电容均压特性研究和保护定值整定[J].电力系统自动化,2016,40(21):34-39.LI Chao, TANG Zhijun, LIN Guodong, et al. Voltage-sharing characteristics and protection value setting of modular multilevel converter at staticDCchargingstate[J].AutomationofElectricPowerSystems,2016, 40(21):34-39.
[16]孔明.模块化多电平VSC-HVDC换流器充电动态特性及其控制研究[D].北京:中国电力科学研究院,2011:12-22.KONGMing.Theresearchonthechargingdynamiccharacteristics andcontrolstrategiesofmodularmultilevelconverterbased VSC-HVDCsystem[D].Beijing,China:ChinaElectricPowerResearch Institute, 2011:12-22.
[17]徐政,刘高任,张哲任.柔性直流输电网的故障保护原理研究[J].高电压技术,2017,43(1):1-8.XUZheng,LIUGaoren,ZHANGZheren.Researchonfaultprotection principle of DC grids[J]. High Voltage Engineering, 2017, 43(1):1-8.
[18]胡文旺,唐志军,林国栋,等.柔性直流控制保护系统方案及其工程应用[J].电力系统自动化,2016,40(21):27-33.HU Wenwang, TANG Zhijun, LIN Guodong, et al. Scheme and engineeringapplicationofflexibleDCcontrolandprotectionsystem[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2016, 40(21):27-33.
[19]李兴源,曾琦,王渝红,等.柔性直流输电系统控制研究综述[J].高电压技术,2016,42(10):3025-3037.LIXingyuan,ZENGQi,WANGYuhong,etal.Controlstrategiesof voltagesourceconverterbaseddirectcurrenttransmissionsystem[J].High Voltage Engineering, 2016, 42(10):3025-3037.
[20]李超,唐志军,林国栋,等.模块化多电平换流器子模块均压电阻参数优化策略[J].电力自动化设备,2017,37(10):146-152.LI Chao, TANG Zhijun, LIN Guodong, et al. Parameter optimization strategy of sub-module balancing resistor in MMC[J]. Electric Power Automation Equipment, 2017, 37(10):146-152.
[21]国网福建省电力有限公司电力科学研究院.柔性直流输电系统调试技术[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2017:66-84.StateGrid FujianElectric PowerResearch Institute.DebuggingtechnologyofHVDCflexibletransmissionsystem[M].Beijing,China:China Electric Power Press, 2017:66-84.
[22]李超,胡文旺,唐志军,等.对称双极柔性直流输电系统功率转带控制策略[J].高电压技术,2018,44(7):2173-2180.LI Chao, HU Wenwang, TANG Zhijun, et al. Control strategy of powertransferinbipolarHVDCflexibletransmissionsystem[J].High Voltage Engineering, 2018, 44(7):2173-2180.