面向噪声品质优化的减速器箱体结构设计
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摘要
为降低电动车减速器辐射噪声,提高电动车动力总成噪声品质,对减速器箱体进行结构优化设计。分析减速器噪声品质的频域特性,并结合模态分析和振动噪声阶次分析确定结构优化的区域和目标,采用拓扑优化和形貌优化方法对减速器箱体进行低噪声结构优化。研究结果表明:优化后减速器的表面振动和辐射噪声有所降低,噪声品质显著提高。
To reduce the structural radiation noise of the reducer and improve the sound quality of electric powertrain, the structure of gearbox was optimized. According to the results of modal analysis, noise and vibration order analysis and frequency characteristics of sound quality of the reducer, the design space and objective of optimization were determined. The results show that vibration and noise performance of the optimized reducer is enhanced while sound quality is also dramatically improved.
To reduce the structural radiation noise of the reducer and improve the sound quality of electric powertrain, the structure of gearbox was optimized. According to the results of modal analysis, noise and vibration order analysis and frequency characteristics of sound quality of the reducer, the design space and objective of optimization were determined. The results show that vibration and noise performance of the optimized reducer is enhanced while sound quality is also dramatically improved.
引文
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[8]杜宪峰,李志军,毕凤荣,等.基于拓扑与形状优化的柴油机机体低振动设计[J].机械工程学报,2012,48(9):117-122.DU Xianfeng LI Zhijun BI Fengrong.Block design of diesel engine for low vibration level based on topology and shape optimization[J].Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2012,48(9):117-122.
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[15]张俊红,王健,刘海,等.基于多目标形貌优化方法的低噪声油底壳研究[J].振动、测试与诊断,2014,34(3):467-471.ZHANG Junhong,WANG Jian,LIU Hai,et al.Low noise design of oil pan based on multi-objective topography optimization[J].Journal of Vibration,Measurement&Diagnosis.2014,34(3):467-471.
[16]张义波,张志勇,周长江,等.基于FEM/BEM方法的缝纫机油盘低噪声设计研究[J].振动与冲击,2012,31(23):137-141.ZHANG Yibo,ZHANG Zhiyong,ZHOU Changjiang,et al.Low noise design of sewing oil pan based on finite element and boundary element method[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2012,31(23):137-141.
[17]王奇文,郝志勇,李一民,等.基于FEM和BEM的低噪声油底壳设计的研究[J].汽车工程,2013,35(4):364-368.WANG Qiwen,HAO Zhiyong,LI Yimin,et al.A research on the design of low-noise oil-pan based on FEM and BEM[J].Automotive Engineering,2013,35(4):364-368.
[18]ALI A,LUKTUKE A,RAMACHANDRAN E,et al.Sound quality based benchmarking methodology for vehicle interior noise[J].SAE Technical Paper 2013-01-2853,2013,doi:10.4271/2013-01-2853.
[19]方源,章桐,陈霏霏,等.电动车噪声品质心理声学主客观评价模型[J].西安交通大学学报,2015,49(8):97-101.FANG Yuan,CHEN Feifei,ZHANG Tong,et al.Study on subjective and objective evaluation of electrical vehicle sound quality[J].Journal of Xi’an Jiao Tong University,2015,49(8):97-101.
[20]汪浩然,方源,章桐.电动汽车减速器振动分析与拓扑优化[J].机械传动,2015,39(11):128-131.WANG haoran,FANG yuan,ZHANG tong.Vibration analysis and topology optimization of gearbox of electric vehicle[J].Journal of Mechanical Transmission,2015,39(11):128-131.
[21]王连生,郝志勇,景国玺.基于多目标形貌优化的缸盖罩低噪声麦计[J].西南交通大学学报,2012,47(6):1064-1068.WANG Liansheng,HAO Zhiyong,JING Guoxi.Low noise design of cylinder head cover based on multi-objective topography optimization[J].Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University,2012,47(6):1064-1068.
[22]贾维新,郝志勇,杨金才.基于形貌优化的低噪声油底壳设计研究[J].浙江大学学报(工学版),2007,41(5):770-773.JIA Weixin,HAO Zhiyong,YANG Jincai.Low noise design of oil pan based on topography optimization[J].Journal of Zhejiang University(Engineering Science),2007,41(5):770-773.
[23]刘海,高行山,王佩艳,等.基于拓扑优化的结构加强筋布局降噪方法研究[J].振动与冲击,2013,32(13):62-65.LIU Hai,GAO Hangshan,WANG Peiyan,et al.Stiffeners layout design for noise reduction using topology optimization[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2013,32(13):62-65.
[24]方源,章桐,于蓬,等.电动车动力总成辐射噪声有限元和边界元联合仿真[J].农业工程学报,2014,30(21):40-46.FANG Yuan,ZHANG Tong,YU Peng,et al.Joint simulation of radiated noise of electric powertrain based on finite element modeling and boundary element method[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2014,30(21):40-46.
[2]Van der AUWERAER H,JANSSENS K.A source-transferreceiver approach to NVH engineering of hybrid/electric vehicles[J].SAE Technical Paper 2012-36-0646,2012,doi:10.4271/2012-36-0646.
[3]GOVINDSWAMY K,EISELE G.Sound character of electric vehicles[J].SAE Technical Paper 2011-01-1728,2011,doi:10.4271/2011-01-1728.
[4]刘显臣.汽车NVH综合技术机械工业出版社[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2014:96-114.LIU xianchen.Automobile NVH technology[M].Beijing:Machinery Industry Press,2014:96-114.
[5]方源,章桐,于蓬,等.集中驱动式电动车噪声特性分析与试验研究[J].振动与冲击,2015,34(13):89-94.FANG Yuan,ZHANG Tong,YU Peng,et al.Acoustic characteristic analysis and tests for a centralized driving electric vehicle[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2015,34(13):89-94.
[6]方源,章桐,于蓬,等.电动车动力总成振动噪声的试验研究[J].振动、测试与诊断,2015,35(2):218-224.FANG Yuan,ZHANG Tong,YU Peng,et al.Experimental study on vibration and noise of electric powertrain[J].Journal of Vibration,Measurement&Diagnosis,2015,35(2):218-224.
[7]刘海,张俊红,毕凤荣,等.柴油机辐射噪声预测与低噪声改进设计[J].内燃机学报,2011,29(3):265-269.LIU Hai,ZHANG Junhong,BI Fengrong.Radiation noise prediction and low-noise modification of diesel engine[J].Transactions of CSICE,2011,29(3):265-269.
[8]杜宪峰,李志军,毕凤荣,等.基于拓扑与形状优化的柴油机机体低振动设计[J].机械工程学报,2012,48(9):117-122.DU Xianfeng LI Zhijun BI Fengrong.Block design of diesel engine for low vibration level based on topology and shape optimization[J].Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2012,48(9):117-122.
[9]毕凤荣,杜宪峰,邵康,等.基于形貌优化的低振动柴油机机体设计[J].内燃机学报,2010,28(5):459-463.BI Fengrong,DU Xianfeng,SHAO Kang.Block design of diesel engine for low vibration based on topography optimization[J].Transactions of CSICE,2010,28(5):459-463.
[10]朱剑峰,林逸,陈潇凯,等.汽车变速箱壳体结构拓扑优化设计[J].吉林大学学报(工学版),2013,43(3):584-589.ZHU Jianfeng,LIN Yi,CHEN Xiaokai,et al.Structural topology optimization based design of automotive transmission housing structure[J].Journal of Jilin University(Engineering and Technology Edition),2013,43(3):584-589.
[11]方华,王天灵,李盛成.拓扑优化技术在降低正时齿轮罩辐射噪声中的应用[J].农业机械学报,2009,40(12):48-50.FANG Hua,WANG Tianling,LI Shengcheng.Design of low noise for timing gear cover based on topology optimization[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2009,40(12):48-50.
[12]李宏坤,郭骋,房世利,等.齿轮箱减振降噪优化设计方法研究[J].振动与冲击,2013,32(17):150-154.LI Hongkun,GUO Cheng,FANG Shili,et al.Optimization design method for gearbox's vibration and noise reduction[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2013,32(17):150-154.
[13]廖芳,高卫民,王承,等.基于模态扩展的变速器箱体振动识别及辐射噪声优化[J].同济大学学报(自然科学版),2012,40(11):1698-1703.LIAO Fang,GAO Weimin,WANG Cheng,et al.Vibration identification of gearbox housing by modal expansion and radiation sound optimization[J].Journal of Tongji University(Natural Science),2012,40(11):1698-1703.
[14]李民,舒歌群,卫海桥.基于拓扑优化和形状优化的低噪声齿轮室罩盖设计[J].内燃机工程,2008,29(6):55-59.LI Min,SHU Gequn,WEI Haiqiao.Design of a low noise engine gear cover based on topology and shape optimization[J].Chinese Internal Combustion Engine Engineering,2008,29(6):55-59.
[15]张俊红,王健,刘海,等.基于多目标形貌优化方法的低噪声油底壳研究[J].振动、测试与诊断,2014,34(3):467-471.ZHANG Junhong,WANG Jian,LIU Hai,et al.Low noise design of oil pan based on multi-objective topography optimization[J].Journal of Vibration,Measurement&Diagnosis.2014,34(3):467-471.
[16]张义波,张志勇,周长江,等.基于FEM/BEM方法的缝纫机油盘低噪声设计研究[J].振动与冲击,2012,31(23):137-141.ZHANG Yibo,ZHANG Zhiyong,ZHOU Changjiang,et al.Low noise design of sewing oil pan based on finite element and boundary element method[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2012,31(23):137-141.
[17]王奇文,郝志勇,李一民,等.基于FEM和BEM的低噪声油底壳设计的研究[J].汽车工程,2013,35(4):364-368.WANG Qiwen,HAO Zhiyong,LI Yimin,et al.A research on the design of low-noise oil-pan based on FEM and BEM[J].Automotive Engineering,2013,35(4):364-368.
[18]ALI A,LUKTUKE A,RAMACHANDRAN E,et al.Sound quality based benchmarking methodology for vehicle interior noise[J].SAE Technical Paper 2013-01-2853,2013,doi:10.4271/2013-01-2853.
[19]方源,章桐,陈霏霏,等.电动车噪声品质心理声学主客观评价模型[J].西安交通大学学报,2015,49(8):97-101.FANG Yuan,CHEN Feifei,ZHANG Tong,et al.Study on subjective and objective evaluation of electrical vehicle sound quality[J].Journal of Xi’an Jiao Tong University,2015,49(8):97-101.
[20]汪浩然,方源,章桐.电动汽车减速器振动分析与拓扑优化[J].机械传动,2015,39(11):128-131.WANG haoran,FANG yuan,ZHANG tong.Vibration analysis and topology optimization of gearbox of electric vehicle[J].Journal of Mechanical Transmission,2015,39(11):128-131.
[21]王连生,郝志勇,景国玺.基于多目标形貌优化的缸盖罩低噪声麦计[J].西南交通大学学报,2012,47(6):1064-1068.WANG Liansheng,HAO Zhiyong,JING Guoxi.Low noise design of cylinder head cover based on multi-objective topography optimization[J].Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University,2012,47(6):1064-1068.
[22]贾维新,郝志勇,杨金才.基于形貌优化的低噪声油底壳设计研究[J].浙江大学学报(工学版),2007,41(5):770-773.JIA Weixin,HAO Zhiyong,YANG Jincai.Low noise design of oil pan based on topography optimization[J].Journal of Zhejiang University(Engineering Science),2007,41(5):770-773.
[23]刘海,高行山,王佩艳,等.基于拓扑优化的结构加强筋布局降噪方法研究[J].振动与冲击,2013,32(13):62-65.LIU Hai,GAO Hangshan,WANG Peiyan,et al.Stiffeners layout design for noise reduction using topology optimization[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2013,32(13):62-65.
[24]方源,章桐,于蓬,等.电动车动力总成辐射噪声有限元和边界元联合仿真[J].农业工程学报,2014,30(21):40-46.FANG Yuan,ZHANG Tong,YU Peng,et al.Joint simulation of radiated noise of electric powertrain based on finite element modeling and boundary element method[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2014,30(21):40-46.