航拍影像与点云数据在矿区生态修复中的应用
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摘要
由于矿业开发强度高和规模大,以及在开矿过程里不注意维护好矿区的生态,目前矿区的生态维护承受着十分庞大的压力。为更好地对矿区进行生态修复,首先,本研究介绍矿区修复的基本内容及其效益,通过无人机像和三维激光扫描仪技术获取的航拍影像图和激光点云数据,阐述航拍影像与点云数据的获取流程和处理方式,将矿区生态修复采集的数据从二维拓展到三维;以矿区待修复区的测量分析和已修复区林地细化调查为案例,在Arc GIS、南方CASS、FAROscene和GEOmagic等软件支持下,得矿区各类专题图和建立三维场景模型,为矿区生态修复提供技术和成果支撑。应用结果表明,航拍影像与点云数据在矿区生态修复中的应用,成效明显。
Due to the high mining development strength and scale, and in the process of mining don't pay attention to the ecological safeguard mining area, the mining area ecological maintenance under enormous pressure.To better for the mining area ecological restoration, first of all, this paper introduces the basic content of mining area repair and benefit, by the unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV) and 3D laser scanner technology for aerial image and laser point cloud data, aerial images and the point cloud data acquisition process and approach, the data from the mining area ecological restoration from 2D to 3D;In the mining area to repair the measuring analysis and has been fixed area forest land detailed investigation for the case, such as Arc GIS, southern CASS, FAROscene and GEOmagic software support, mining area of thematic map and 3D scene model is set up, support for the mining area ecological restoration technology and achievements.Application results show that aerial images and point cloud data to the application of ecological restoration in mining area, effect obviously.
Due to the high mining development strength and scale, and in the process of mining don't pay attention to the ecological safeguard mining area, the mining area ecological maintenance under enormous pressure.To better for the mining area ecological restoration, first of all, this paper introduces the basic content of mining area repair and benefit, by the unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV) and 3D laser scanner technology for aerial image and laser point cloud data, aerial images and the point cloud data acquisition process and approach, the data from the mining area ecological restoration from 2D to 3D;In the mining area to repair the measuring analysis and has been fixed area forest land detailed investigation for the case, such as Arc GIS, southern CASS, FAROscene and GEOmagic software support, mining area of thematic map and 3D scene model is set up, support for the mining area ecological restoration technology and achievements.Application results show that aerial images and point cloud data to the application of ecological restoration in mining area, effect obviously.
引文
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[4]桂德竹,李钢.林宗坚,等.基于无人飞行器遥感的矿区沉陷控制及景观规划研究[J].测绘科学,2008,33(6):105-107.
[5]邴媛媛.无人机遥感在某铁矿矿区资源监测中的应用[D].辽宁:辽宁技术工程大学,2008.
[6]Allen P K,Troccoli A,Smith B,et al.New methods for digital modeling of historic sites[J].IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications,2003,23(6):32-41.
[7]刘昌军,赵雨,叶长锋,等.基于三维激光扫描技术的矿山地形快速测量的关键技术研究[J].测绘通报,2012(6):43-46.
[8]王长江,张倬锋,刘夫晓.激光扫描技术在数字化矿山建设中的应用[J].金属矿山,2012,36(10):108-109.
[9]雷朝锋.基于三维激光扫描技术在豫北露天矿测量中的应用研究[J].测绘与空间地理信息,2014,37(8):96-98.
[10]黄有,郑坤,刘修国,等.三维激光扫描仪在测算矿方量中的应用[J].测绘科学,2012,37(3):90-92.
[11]王黎明,刘夫晓,王新生.三维激光扫描技术在矿山巷道变形监测中的作用[J].矿山测量,2013(3):79-80.
[12]邱贞生.三维激光扫描技术在矿山采空区测绘中的应用[J].福建地质,2012,31(1):90-94.
[13]荆平平.无人机影像获取与信息提取应用研究[D].北京:中国地质大学,2014.
[14]何原荣,郑渊茂.无人机航拍技术配合遥感的海岸带规划应用[J].现代电子技术,2015.38(23):24-27.
[15]谢鸿宇,赵耀龙,杨木壮,等.基于地面Lidar的树冠体积和表面积测量方法研究[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2015,35(4):1-5.
[16]王成,郄光发,董建文,等.厦门森林城市建设理念与布局研究[J].中国城市林业,2011,9(3):8-11.
[17]贾宝全,王成,邱尔发,等.城市林木树冠覆盖研究进展[J].生态学报,2013,33(1):23-32.
[18]邓世军,朱卓娃,江宇,等.无人机航摄测量方法及精度分析研究[J].科技创新导报,2015(17):134-144.