经济学视角下山西省雾霾的成因与对策分析
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摘要
通过定量比较山西省雾霾"红利"和雾霾造成的经济损失,明确了雾霾经济并不是长远利益,而是经济增长和生态发展失衡的警钟。从经济学视角深入剖析,认为能源消费结构失衡、产业结构和工业结构失调、机动车保有量增加、城市建设工程量大是山西省雾霾天气形成的主要原因,并从常态化的治理措施出发,以改革能源生产和消费结构、调整产业结构、绿化消费方式、转变经济发展方式四个角度为基点来研究山西省雾霾天气的治理机制。
Through a quantitative comparison of the profit of haze economy and the consequent economic loss of Shanxi Province,it becomes clear that haze economy is against our long-term interests and also an alarming signal of the imbalance between the economic growth and the ecological development. After a thorough analysis from the perspective of economics,it is found that the frequent haze in Shanxi results mainly from the imbalance structure of energy consumption,industrial structure disorders,increasing quantity of vehicles and the large-scale urban construction. Accordingly,strategies for governance of the Shanxi haze can be framed in four aspects,namely reform of energy production and consumption structure,the adjustment of industrial structure,promotion of green consumption and transformation of the pattern of economic development.
Through a quantitative comparison of the profit of haze economy and the consequent economic loss of Shanxi Province,it becomes clear that haze economy is against our long-term interests and also an alarming signal of the imbalance between the economic growth and the ecological development. After a thorough analysis from the perspective of economics,it is found that the frequent haze in Shanxi results mainly from the imbalance structure of energy consumption,industrial structure disorders,increasing quantity of vehicles and the large-scale urban construction. Accordingly,strategies for governance of the Shanxi haze can be framed in four aspects,namely reform of energy production and consumption structure,the adjustment of industrial structure,promotion of green consumption and transformation of the pattern of economic development.
引文
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[2]崔玲玲.PM2.5年均浓度全国190城排座次[EB/OL].(2015-02-05)[2015-10-23].http://jjsx.china.com.cn/lm238/2015/291433.htm.
[3]穆泉,张世秋.2013年1月中国大面积雾霾事件直接社会经济损失评估[J].中国环境科学,2013,(11):2087-2094.
[4]陶燕等.大气细颗粒物的污染特征及对人体健康的影响[J].环境科学学报,2013,(3):592-597.
[5]谢雪.PM2.5的综述与防控对策[J/OL].城市建设理论研究(电子版),2013,(20)[2015-10-23].http://d.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/csjsllyj201320013.
[6]孙骁骥.雾霾拉动黑色经济增长[EB/OL].(2015-02-27)[2015-10-23].http://sunxiaoji.baijia.baidu.com/article/5360.
[7]宋立超.“霾伏太原”致当地雾霾经济升[EB/OL].(2014-03-04)[2015-10-23].http://www.chinanews.com/df/2014/03-04/5909213.shtml.
[8]太原晚报.从淘宝消费关键词看2013年度热词[EB/OL].(2013-12-19)[2015-10-23].http://culture.people.com.cn/n/2013/1219/c172318-23889987.html.
[9]陈梦凡.环保组织:煤炭对中国PM2.5贡献约60%[EB/OL].(2014-10-21)[2015-10-23].http://china.caixin.com/2014-10-21/100741024.html.
[10]中商情报网.中国山西煤炭资源储量分析[EB/OL].(2014-04-08)[2015-10-23].http://www.askci.com/news/201404/08/0816345137629.shtml.
[11]孙亮全,吕梦琦.2013年山西煤炭产量9.6亿吨创历史新[EB/OL].(2014-01-19)[2015-10-23].http://news.xinhuanet.com/fortune/2014-01/19/c_119032489.htm.
[12]李洪鹏.专家:机动车尾气对雾霾影响没有燃煤严重[EB/OL].(2014-12-08)[2015-10-23].http://news.sina.com.cn/c/2014-12-08/152231260003.shtml.
[13]DF126.气化山西:以气代煤山西治霾[EB/OL].(2014-03-04)[2015-10-23].http://news.xinhuanet.com//energy/2013-03/04/c_124411028.htm.
[14]淄博环境保护局.谈气体污染物排放对环境的危害[R].泰安:山东泰山煤气技术研讨会,2012.
[15]程浩.城市建筑扬尘与雾霾产生的关系及应对措施[J].建筑安全,2014,29(4):50-52.
[16]张倩倩.基于MODIS数据的雾霾检测方法研究——以南京仙林为例[D].南京:南京师范大学,2012.
[17]丘兆逸,魏龙.基于经济视角的南宁市雾霾成因及其对策研究[J].广西师范学院学报(自然科学版),2014,(1):96-100.
[18]发展公共交通治理雾霾[J].城市公共交通,2013,(3):8.