湖南保靖区块龙马溪组岩石力学特征及可压性评价
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摘要
为评价保靖区块龙马溪组生气潜力和产能,完井后需要对该地区龙马溪组优质页岩进行可压裂性评价,为后期压裂改造和试气提供依据。借助研究区测井、录井、岩心化验数据的分析和处理,对保靖区块龙马溪组页岩储层特征和对岩石可压性影响的关键因素进行研究,获得对可压性有影响的正相关指标和负相关指标,采用相关性分析和层次分析法建立可定量评价研究区页岩储层可压裂性的数学模型,研究结果表明:龙马溪组储层具有有机质丰富、低孔低渗、脆性矿物含量高,杨氏模量较高,泊松比中等,地应力差小的特点,具备一定的页岩气勘探潜力和压裂改造条件,利用可压性系数,将研究区的页岩可压裂性分为3个级别,即可压裂性差(可压裂系数为0.1～0.4)、可压裂性中等(可压裂系数为0.4～0.6)和可压裂性好(可压裂系数>0.6),应选择可压裂系数大于0.4的页岩层进行水力压裂。运用可压裂系数模型计算研究区页岩储层的可压性中等,保页3井可压裂系数较高,是研究区页岩较理想的压裂候选井,保页1井可压性系数较低、压裂改造较为困难,评价结果与后期压裂施工效果较为吻合,研究成果可为今后页岩气、煤层气可压性定量评价和压裂施工提供借鉴。
In order to evaluate the shale gas potential and productivity of the Longmaxi Formation in Baojing block,we need to evaluate the fracability of the Longmaxi Formation shale reservoir after completion,which can provide a reference for the future fracturing transformation and well test.Based on the analysis and processing of wireline logging,mud logging and core test data in the study area,we study the characteristics of the Longmaxi Formation shale reservoir in Baojing block and the key factors affecting the fracability of rock,obtaining the positive correlation index and the negative correlation index which have impact on fracability.A mathematical model for quantitative evaluation of the shale reservoir fracability in the study area is established based on the correlation analysis method and the analytic hierarchy process.The results show that the Longmaxi Formation shale reservoir has many characteristics,such as rich in organic matter,low porosity,low permeability,high brittle mineral content,high Young's modulus,medium Poisson's ratio,and small difference coefficient of ground stress,with certain shale gas exploration potential and fracturing conditions.Using the fracture index,the shale fracability of the area is divided into three levels,that is,the fracability is poor(the fracture index is 0.1-0.4),the fracability is medium(the fracture index is 0.4-0.6),and the fracability is good(fracture index > 0.6).Reservoir with a fracture index greater than 0.4 should be selected for hydraulic fracturing.The fracture index model is used to calculate the fracability of the shale reservoir in the study area.With high fracture index,the Well Baoye 3 is an ideal fracture candidate well for study area.While Well Baoye 1 fracture index is lower and the fracturing transformation is more difficult.The evaluation results are matched with the post-fracturing effect.The research results can provide reference for the quantitative evaluation and fracturing construction of shale gas and coalbed methane in the future.
In order to evaluate the shale gas potential and productivity of the Longmaxi Formation in Baojing block,we need to evaluate the fracability of the Longmaxi Formation shale reservoir after completion,which can provide a reference for the future fracturing transformation and well test.Based on the analysis and processing of wireline logging,mud logging and core test data in the study area,we study the characteristics of the Longmaxi Formation shale reservoir in Baojing block and the key factors affecting the fracability of rock,obtaining the positive correlation index and the negative correlation index which have impact on fracability.A mathematical model for quantitative evaluation of the shale reservoir fracability in the study area is established based on the correlation analysis method and the analytic hierarchy process.The results show that the Longmaxi Formation shale reservoir has many characteristics,such as rich in organic matter,low porosity,low permeability,high brittle mineral content,high Young's modulus,medium Poisson's ratio,and small difference coefficient of ground stress,with certain shale gas exploration potential and fracturing conditions.Using the fracture index,the shale fracability of the area is divided into three levels,that is,the fracability is poor(the fracture index is 0.1-0.4),the fracability is medium(the fracture index is 0.4-0.6),and the fracability is good(fracture index > 0.6).Reservoir with a fracture index greater than 0.4 should be selected for hydraulic fracturing.The fracture index model is used to calculate the fracability of the shale reservoir in the study area.With high fracture index,the Well Baoye 3 is an ideal fracture candidate well for study area.While Well Baoye 1 fracture index is lower and the fracturing transformation is more difficult.The evaluation results are matched with the post-fracturing effect.The research results can provide reference for the quantitative evaluation and fracturing construction of shale gas and coalbed methane in the future.
引文
[1]Zhou Shouwei.Shale Gas Exploration and Development Technology[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2013:30-50.周守为.页岩气勘探开发技术[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2013:30-50.
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[3]Mullen M J,Enderlin M B.Fracability Index-More Than Rock Properties[C].SanAntonio,Texas,USA:SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition,2012.
[4]Diao Haiyan.Rock mechanics characteristics and brittleness evaluation of shale reservoirs[J].Journal of Petrology,2013,29(9):3300-3306.刁海燕.泥页岩储层岩石力学特性及脆性评价[J].岩石学报,2013,29(9):3300-3306.
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[6]Su K,Onaisi A,Garnier A.A Comprehensive Methodology of E-valuation of the Fracability of a Shale Gas Play[C].Denver,Colorado,USA:American Association of Petroleum Geologists Unconventional Resources Technology Conference,2014.
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[8]Yang Hongwei,Li Jun,Liu Gonghui,et al.Quantitative evaluation of shale fracability based on logging data[J].Fault-Block Oil&Gas Field,2017,24(3):382-386.杨宏伟,李军,柳贡慧,等.基于测井数据的页岩可压性定量评价[J].断块油气田,2017,24(3):382-386.
[9]Chen Jiangzhan,Cao Han,Sun Pinghe.Fracability evaluation of the shale of the Niutitang Formation in northwestern Hunan[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2017,24(6):390-398.陈江湛,曹函,孙平贺.湘西北牛蹄塘组页岩可压裂性评价[J].地学前缘,2017,24(6):390-398.
[10]Xu Chunbi,Xiao Hui,Yang Depu,et al.Fracability evaluation of shale reservoirs in Longmaxi Formation in YDN area using comprehensive desserts[J].Journal of Chongqing University of Science and Technology:Natural Science Edition,2017,19(6):1-4.徐春碧,肖晖,杨德普,等.利用综合甜点对YDN地区龙马溪组页岩储层进行可压性评价[J].重庆科技学院学报:自然科学版,2017,19(6):1-4.
[11]Li Bin,Guo Qingyong,Luo Qun,et al.Comparative analysis of shale gas reservoir-forming geological conditions of Longmaxi Formation in eastern Sichuan Basin[J].China Geological Survey,2018,5(4):25-32.李斌,郭庆勇,罗群,等.四川盆地东部龙马溪组页岩气成藏地质条件对比分析[J].中国地质调查,2018,5(4):25-32.
[12]Hu Degao,Liu Chao.Study on fracability geological factors of single well in Fuling shale gas field in Sichuan Basin[J].Petroleum Geology,2018,40(1):20-24.胡德高,刘超.四川盆地涪陵页岩气田单井可压性地质因素研究[J].石油实验地质,2018,40(1):20-24.
[13]Tang Ying,Xing Yun,Li Lezhong,et al.Influential factors and evaluation methods of fractured reservoir in shale reservoir[J].Earth Science Frontier,2012,19(5):356-363.唐颖,邢云,李乐忠,等.页岩储层可压裂性影响因素及评价方法[J].地学前缘,2012,19(5):356-363.
[14]Suo Yu.Rock Mechanical Properties and Fracability of Baojing Shale Gas Reservoir[D].Beijing:China University of Petroleum,2016:1-67.索彧.保靖页岩气储层岩石力学特性与可压性[D].北京:中国石油大学,2016:1-67.
[15]Mark D.Zuo Baike.Reservoir Geomechanics[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2012:1-100.马克D.佐白科.储层地质力学[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2012:1-100.
[16]Li Qinghui,Chen Mian,Jin Yan,et al.Rock mechanics characteristics and brittleness evaluation of shale gas reservoir[J].Petroleum Drilling Technology,2012,40(4):17-22.李庆辉,陈勉,金衍,等.页岩气储层岩石力学特性及脆性评价[J].石油钻探技术,2012,40(4):17-22.
[17]Zhou Dehua,Jiao Fangzheng,Jia Changgui,et al.JY1HF shale gas horizontal wells large scale fracturing technology[J].Petroleum Drilling Technology,2014,42(1):75-80.周德华,焦方正,贾长贵,等.JY1HF页岩气水平井大型分段压裂技术[J].石油钻探技术,2014,42(1):75-80.
[18]Wang Yufang,Zang Gangyi,Bou Shujing,et al.Evaluation of gas bearing and fracability of shale reservoirs in the Doushantuo Formation of Eyang 1 Well[J].China Mining,2017,26(6):166-172.王玉芳,翟刚毅,包书景,等.鄂阳页1井陡山沱组页岩储层含气性及可压性评价[J].中国矿业,2017,26(6):166-172.
[19]Bao Xiangsheng,Tan Ying,Wu Xiaoqi,et al.Prediction of brittle mineral index by using compressional wave and shear velocity method[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2018,29(2):245-250.鲍祥生,谈迎,吴小奇,等.利用纵横波速度法预测泥页岩脆性矿物指数[J].天然气地球科学,2018,29(2):245-250
[20]Xiao Jialin,Li Yuanzhao,Hou Zhenkun,et al.A method for evaluating the fracability of shale reservoirs[J].Fault Block Reservoir,2017,24(4):486-489.肖佳林,李远照,候振坤,等.一种页岩储层脆性评价方法[J].断块油气藏,2017,24(4):486-489.
[21]Wang Song,Yang Hongzhi,Zhao Jinzhou,et al.Research and application of Fracability evaluation method for fractured shale gas well[J].Oil and Gas Geology and Recovery,2016,23(2):121-126.王松,杨洪志,赵金洲,等.页岩气井可压裂性综合评价方法研究及应用[J].油气地质与采收率,2016,23(2):121-126.
[22]Wang Yufang,Zhai Gangyi,Wang Jinzhu,et al.Factors affecting the production of the shale gas in the Sichuan Basin and its surrounding area[J].Journal of Geomechanics,2017,23(4):540-547.王玉芳,翟刚毅,王劲铸,等.四川盆地及周缘龙马溪组页岩产气效果影响因素[J].地质力学学报,2017,23(4):540-547.
[23]Guo Tiankui,Zhang Shicheng,Ge Hongkui.A new method to evaluate the formation capacity of shale fracture network[J].Geotechnical Mechanics,2013,34(4):947-954.郭天魁,张士诚,葛洪魁.评价页岩压裂形成缝网能力的新方法[J].岩土力学,2013,34(4):947-954.
[24]Yu Peng,Liu Fuyi,Wang Yanzhong,et al.Evaluation of Fracability of reservoirs in Baojing shale gas block:Taking Longmaxi Formation shale as an example[J].Unconventional Oil and Gas,2018,5(5):96-103.于鹏,刘福义,王延忠,等.保靖页岩气区块储层可压性评价---以龙马溪组页岩为例[J].非常规油气,2018,5(5):96-103.
[2]Enderlin E,Alsleben H,Beyer J.Predicting Fracability in Shale Reservoirs[C].Houston,Texas,USA:AAPG Annual Convention and Exhibition,2011.
[3]Mullen M J,Enderlin M B.Fracability Index-More Than Rock Properties[C].SanAntonio,Texas,USA:SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition,2012.
[4]Diao Haiyan.Rock mechanics characteristics and brittleness evaluation of shale reservoirs[J].Journal of Petrology,2013,29(9):3300-3306.刁海燕.泥页岩储层岩石力学特性及脆性评价[J].岩石学报,2013,29(9):3300-3306.
[5]Yuan Junliang,Deng Jingen,Zhang Dingyu,et al.Fracability evaluation technology for shale gas reservoirs[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2013,34(3):523-527.袁俊亮,邓金根,张定宇,等.页岩气储层可压裂性评价技术[J].石油学报,2013,34(3):523-527.
[6]Su K,Onaisi A,Garnier A.A Comprehensive Methodology of E-valuation of the Fracability of a Shale Gas Play[C].Denver,Colorado,USA:American Association of Petroleum Geologists Unconventional Resources Technology Conference,2014.
[7]Zhao Jinzhou,Xu Wenjun,Li Yongming,et al.A new method for evaluating fracability shale gas[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2015,26(6):1672-1172.赵金洲,许文俊,李勇明,等.页岩气可压性评价新方法[J].天然气地球科学,2015.26(6):1672-1172.
[8]Yang Hongwei,Li Jun,Liu Gonghui,et al.Quantitative evaluation of shale fracability based on logging data[J].Fault-Block Oil&Gas Field,2017,24(3):382-386.杨宏伟,李军,柳贡慧,等.基于测井数据的页岩可压性定量评价[J].断块油气田,2017,24(3):382-386.
[9]Chen Jiangzhan,Cao Han,Sun Pinghe.Fracability evaluation of the shale of the Niutitang Formation in northwestern Hunan[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2017,24(6):390-398.陈江湛,曹函,孙平贺.湘西北牛蹄塘组页岩可压裂性评价[J].地学前缘,2017,24(6):390-398.
[10]Xu Chunbi,Xiao Hui,Yang Depu,et al.Fracability evaluation of shale reservoirs in Longmaxi Formation in YDN area using comprehensive desserts[J].Journal of Chongqing University of Science and Technology:Natural Science Edition,2017,19(6):1-4.徐春碧,肖晖,杨德普,等.利用综合甜点对YDN地区龙马溪组页岩储层进行可压性评价[J].重庆科技学院学报:自然科学版,2017,19(6):1-4.
[11]Li Bin,Guo Qingyong,Luo Qun,et al.Comparative analysis of shale gas reservoir-forming geological conditions of Longmaxi Formation in eastern Sichuan Basin[J].China Geological Survey,2018,5(4):25-32.李斌,郭庆勇,罗群,等.四川盆地东部龙马溪组页岩气成藏地质条件对比分析[J].中国地质调查,2018,5(4):25-32.
[12]Hu Degao,Liu Chao.Study on fracability geological factors of single well in Fuling shale gas field in Sichuan Basin[J].Petroleum Geology,2018,40(1):20-24.胡德高,刘超.四川盆地涪陵页岩气田单井可压性地质因素研究[J].石油实验地质,2018,40(1):20-24.
[13]Tang Ying,Xing Yun,Li Lezhong,et al.Influential factors and evaluation methods of fractured reservoir in shale reservoir[J].Earth Science Frontier,2012,19(5):356-363.唐颖,邢云,李乐忠,等.页岩储层可压裂性影响因素及评价方法[J].地学前缘,2012,19(5):356-363.
[14]Suo Yu.Rock Mechanical Properties and Fracability of Baojing Shale Gas Reservoir[D].Beijing:China University of Petroleum,2016:1-67.索彧.保靖页岩气储层岩石力学特性与可压性[D].北京:中国石油大学,2016:1-67.
[15]Mark D.Zuo Baike.Reservoir Geomechanics[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2012:1-100.马克D.佐白科.储层地质力学[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2012:1-100.
[16]Li Qinghui,Chen Mian,Jin Yan,et al.Rock mechanics characteristics and brittleness evaluation of shale gas reservoir[J].Petroleum Drilling Technology,2012,40(4):17-22.李庆辉,陈勉,金衍,等.页岩气储层岩石力学特性及脆性评价[J].石油钻探技术,2012,40(4):17-22.
[17]Zhou Dehua,Jiao Fangzheng,Jia Changgui,et al.JY1HF shale gas horizontal wells large scale fracturing technology[J].Petroleum Drilling Technology,2014,42(1):75-80.周德华,焦方正,贾长贵,等.JY1HF页岩气水平井大型分段压裂技术[J].石油钻探技术,2014,42(1):75-80.
[18]Wang Yufang,Zang Gangyi,Bou Shujing,et al.Evaluation of gas bearing and fracability of shale reservoirs in the Doushantuo Formation of Eyang 1 Well[J].China Mining,2017,26(6):166-172.王玉芳,翟刚毅,包书景,等.鄂阳页1井陡山沱组页岩储层含气性及可压性评价[J].中国矿业,2017,26(6):166-172.
[19]Bao Xiangsheng,Tan Ying,Wu Xiaoqi,et al.Prediction of brittle mineral index by using compressional wave and shear velocity method[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2018,29(2):245-250.鲍祥生,谈迎,吴小奇,等.利用纵横波速度法预测泥页岩脆性矿物指数[J].天然气地球科学,2018,29(2):245-250
[20]Xiao Jialin,Li Yuanzhao,Hou Zhenkun,et al.A method for evaluating the fracability of shale reservoirs[J].Fault Block Reservoir,2017,24(4):486-489.肖佳林,李远照,候振坤,等.一种页岩储层脆性评价方法[J].断块油气藏,2017,24(4):486-489.
[21]Wang Song,Yang Hongzhi,Zhao Jinzhou,et al.Research and application of Fracability evaluation method for fractured shale gas well[J].Oil and Gas Geology and Recovery,2016,23(2):121-126.王松,杨洪志,赵金洲,等.页岩气井可压裂性综合评价方法研究及应用[J].油气地质与采收率,2016,23(2):121-126.
[22]Wang Yufang,Zhai Gangyi,Wang Jinzhu,et al.Factors affecting the production of the shale gas in the Sichuan Basin and its surrounding area[J].Journal of Geomechanics,2017,23(4):540-547.王玉芳,翟刚毅,王劲铸,等.四川盆地及周缘龙马溪组页岩产气效果影响因素[J].地质力学学报,2017,23(4):540-547.
[23]Guo Tiankui,Zhang Shicheng,Ge Hongkui.A new method to evaluate the formation capacity of shale fracture network[J].Geotechnical Mechanics,2013,34(4):947-954.郭天魁,张士诚,葛洪魁.评价页岩压裂形成缝网能力的新方法[J].岩土力学,2013,34(4):947-954.
[24]Yu Peng,Liu Fuyi,Wang Yanzhong,et al.Evaluation of Fracability of reservoirs in Baojing shale gas block:Taking Longmaxi Formation shale as an example[J].Unconventional Oil and Gas,2018,5(5):96-103.于鹏,刘福义,王延忠,等.保靖页岩气区块储层可压性评价---以龙马溪组页岩为例[J].非常规油气,2018,5(5):96-103.