苦荞生物碱的提取及抗氧化性分析
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摘要
对苦荞中生物碱的提取工艺进行优化,并分析苦荞生物碱的抗氧化性能。以苦荞生物碱的提取率为指标,采用单因素试验和正交试验对超声辅助酸性水溶液提取苦荞生物碱的条件进行优化,并利用DPPH自由基的清除率测定其抗氧化性。提取条件:超声功率150 W、料液比1 g/6 mL、提取温度60℃、提取时间40 min、pH值为2.0,在此条件下苦荞生物碱提取率达到0.31%,苦荞生物碱对DPPH自由基表现出了较强的清除能力。本研究结果优化了苦荞生物碱的提取工艺,为苦荞生物碱的综合开发利用提供了理论依据。
This research was aimed to optimize the extraction process of alkaloids from Fagopyrum tataricum, and to analyze the antioxidant activity of alkaloids. The extraction yield of alkaloids from F. tataricum was selected as the index. The single factor test and orthogonal test were used to optimize the condition of extracting alkaloids from F. tataricum through acidic aqueous solution assisted by ultrasound, and the scavenging rate of DPPH free radical was used to determine the antioxidant activity of alkaloids. The extraction condition: ultrasonic power was150 W, solid-liquid ratio was 1 g/6 mL, extraction temperature was 60℃, extraction time was 40 min, pH was 2.0.On this condition, the extraction yield of alkaloids from F. tataricum was 0.31%, and the alkaloids showed strong scavening ability to DPPH free radicals. The optimization of the extraction process of alkaloids from F. tataricum might provide a theoretical basis for the comprehensive development and untilization of alkaloids in F. tataricum.
This research was aimed to optimize the extraction process of alkaloids from Fagopyrum tataricum, and to analyze the antioxidant activity of alkaloids. The extraction yield of alkaloids from F. tataricum was selected as the index. The single factor test and orthogonal test were used to optimize the condition of extracting alkaloids from F. tataricum through acidic aqueous solution assisted by ultrasound, and the scavenging rate of DPPH free radical was used to determine the antioxidant activity of alkaloids. The extraction condition: ultrasonic power was150 W, solid-liquid ratio was 1 g/6 mL, extraction temperature was 60℃, extraction time was 40 min, pH was 2.0.On this condition, the extraction yield of alkaloids from F. tataricum was 0.31%, and the alkaloids showed strong scavening ability to DPPH free radicals. The optimization of the extraction process of alkaloids from F. tataricum might provide a theoretical basis for the comprehensive development and untilization of alkaloids in F. tataricum.
引文
Chen L.,Yu J.,Li X.H.,Guo R.,and Wang J.R.,2010,Ultrasonic wave aided extraction of total alkaloids from Peganum nigellastrum,Xibei Linxueyuan Xuebao(Journal of Northwest Forestry University),25(3):158-162(陈蕾,于娟,李晓蕙,郭蕊,王俊儒,2010,超声法提取骆驼蒿总生物碱的工艺研究,西北林学院学报,25(3):158-162)
Huang Y.J.,Deng R.Y.,Gao F.,Luo X.P.,and Wu Q.,2015,Cloning and expression analysis of transcription factor gene FtMYB21 from tartary buckwheat under abiotic stress,Jiyinzuxue Yu Yingyong Shengwuxue(Genomics and Applied Biology),35(9):1939-1945(黄云吉,邓仁榆,高飞,雒晓鹏,吴琦,2015,苦荞转录因子基因FtMYB21的克隆及其非生物胁迫下的表达分析,基因组学与应用生物学,35(9):1939-1945)
Ji C.Y.,2005,Study on chemical constituents from Fagopyrom tataricum L.,Thesis for M.S.,Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University,Supervisor:Zhou L.,pp.7-9(季春燕,2005,苦荞的化学成分研究,硕士学位论文,西北农林科技大学,导师:周乐,pp.7-9)
Liu F.,and Xie Z.Y.,2005,Absorptiophotometric determination of total flavones in flowers and leaves of buckwheat,Lihua Jianyan(Physical Testing and Chemical Analysis(Part B:Chemical Analysis)),41(2):93-94(刘飞,谢镇远,2005,吸光光度法测定荞麦花叶中总黄酮,理化检验(化学分册),41(2):93-94)
Ren Y.,Ma T.J.,Niu X.W.,and Ren G.X.,2008,Hypolipidemic and antioxidation effects of oat bran avenanthramides extract,Zhongguo Liangyou Xuebao(Journal of the Chinese Cereals and Oils Association),23(6):103-106(任祎,马挺军,牛西午,任贵兴,2008,燕麦生物碱提取物的抗氧化与降血脂作用研究,中国粮油学报,23(6):103-106)
Tang Y.F.,Zhang M.L.,Liu Z.Y.,and Deng X.P.,2004,Study of abstraction and anti-microbial activities of lotus leaf's alkaloid,Guangzhou Shipin Gongye Keji(Guangzhou Food Science and Technology),20(2):51-52(唐裕芳,张妙玲,刘忠义,邓孝平,2004,荷叶生物碱的提取及其抑菌活性研究,广州食品工业科技,20(2):51-52)
Tao M.,and Luo Q.,2010,Study on extraction of total alkaloids from buckwheat flour,Guangzhou Huagong(Guangzhou Chemical Industry),38(11):83-84(陶明,罗茜,2010,苦荞粉中生物碱的提取研究,广州化工,38(11):83-84)
Yu Y.T.,2008,Study on ultrasonic wave extraction of alkaloids from Sophora alopecuroides L.,Zhongguo Shipin Tianjiaji(China Food Additives),3:69-72,57(余永婷,2008,超声波提取苦豆子生物碱的工艺研究,中国食品添加剂,3:69-72,57)
Zhang D.H.,Huang R.S.,Zuo L.,and Geng Z.H.,2010,Progress on the method of extraction of alkaloids,Zhongguo Yesheng Zhiwu Ziyuan(Chinese Wild Plant Resources),29(5):15-20(张德华,黄仁术,左露,耿朝辉,2010,生物碱的提取方法研究进展,中国野生植物资源,29(5):15-20)
Huang Y.J.,Deng R.Y.,Gao F.,Luo X.P.,and Wu Q.,2015,Cloning and expression analysis of transcription factor gene FtMYB21 from tartary buckwheat under abiotic stress,Jiyinzuxue Yu Yingyong Shengwuxue(Genomics and Applied Biology),35(9):1939-1945(黄云吉,邓仁榆,高飞,雒晓鹏,吴琦,2015,苦荞转录因子基因FtMYB21的克隆及其非生物胁迫下的表达分析,基因组学与应用生物学,35(9):1939-1945)
Ji C.Y.,2005,Study on chemical constituents from Fagopyrom tataricum L.,Thesis for M.S.,Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University,Supervisor:Zhou L.,pp.7-9(季春燕,2005,苦荞的化学成分研究,硕士学位论文,西北农林科技大学,导师:周乐,pp.7-9)
Liu F.,and Xie Z.Y.,2005,Absorptiophotometric determination of total flavones in flowers and leaves of buckwheat,Lihua Jianyan(Physical Testing and Chemical Analysis(Part B:Chemical Analysis)),41(2):93-94(刘飞,谢镇远,2005,吸光光度法测定荞麦花叶中总黄酮,理化检验(化学分册),41(2):93-94)
Ren Y.,Ma T.J.,Niu X.W.,and Ren G.X.,2008,Hypolipidemic and antioxidation effects of oat bran avenanthramides extract,Zhongguo Liangyou Xuebao(Journal of the Chinese Cereals and Oils Association),23(6):103-106(任祎,马挺军,牛西午,任贵兴,2008,燕麦生物碱提取物的抗氧化与降血脂作用研究,中国粮油学报,23(6):103-106)
Tang Y.F.,Zhang M.L.,Liu Z.Y.,and Deng X.P.,2004,Study of abstraction and anti-microbial activities of lotus leaf's alkaloid,Guangzhou Shipin Gongye Keji(Guangzhou Food Science and Technology),20(2):51-52(唐裕芳,张妙玲,刘忠义,邓孝平,2004,荷叶生物碱的提取及其抑菌活性研究,广州食品工业科技,20(2):51-52)
Tao M.,and Luo Q.,2010,Study on extraction of total alkaloids from buckwheat flour,Guangzhou Huagong(Guangzhou Chemical Industry),38(11):83-84(陶明,罗茜,2010,苦荞粉中生物碱的提取研究,广州化工,38(11):83-84)
Yu Y.T.,2008,Study on ultrasonic wave extraction of alkaloids from Sophora alopecuroides L.,Zhongguo Shipin Tianjiaji(China Food Additives),3:69-72,57(余永婷,2008,超声波提取苦豆子生物碱的工艺研究,中国食品添加剂,3:69-72,57)
Zhang D.H.,Huang R.S.,Zuo L.,and Geng Z.H.,2010,Progress on the method of extraction of alkaloids,Zhongguo Yesheng Zhiwu Ziyuan(Chinese Wild Plant Resources),29(5):15-20(张德华,黄仁术,左露,耿朝辉,2010,生物碱的提取方法研究进展,中国野生植物资源,29(5):15-20)