高繁殖力猪新品系HN的遗传分析
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摘要
【目的】对高繁殖力猪新品系HN进行遗传评定.【方法】采用多性状动物模型BLUP法(最佳线性无偏预测法)和REML法(非求导约束最大似然法)对高繁殖力猪新品系HN繁殖性状的表型参数和遗传参数进行了估测.【结果】高繁殖力猪新品系HN繁殖性状的变异系数较小,在1.75%~6.42%之间;总产仔数、产活仔数、断奶存活仔数、有效乳头数、初生个体质量、初生窝质量、21日龄个体质量、21日龄窝质量、断奶个体质量和断奶窝质量的遗传力分别为0.160、0.091、0.112、0.072、0.167、0.170、0.116、0.119、0.202和0.114;总产仔数、产活仔数、断奶存活仔数与初生个体质量、21日龄个体质量、断奶个体质量的表性相关(-0.220、-0.121、-0.061、-0.249、-0.125、-0.099、-0.179、-0.057、-0.217)呈弱的负相关,其他繁殖性状间的表型相关和遗传相关都呈正相关,且断奶窝质量与其他繁殖性状间的表型相关和遗传相关均呈中等或强的正相关;总产仔数、产活仔数、断奶存活仔数、有效乳头数、初生个体质量、初生窝质量、21日龄个体质量、21日龄窝质量、断奶个体质量和断奶窝质量的世代遗传进展分别为0.000 440头/世代、0.001 019头世代、0.000 112头/世代、0.003 106对/世代、0.004 361kg/世代、0.000 115 kg/世代、0.002 620 kg/世代0.010 261 kg/世代、0.001 875 kg/世代和0.011 226kg/世代.【结论】各性状的表型参数变异系数较小,繁殖性状的遗传力符合一般规律,说明高繁殖力猪新品系HN已具有稳定的遗传基础,已达到选育的目标;在选育过程中,可以把总产仔数和断奶窝质量作为主选性状,用于选择高繁殖力个体.
【Objective】To evaluate genetic characteristics of the high reproductive new swine strain HN.the evaluate genetic characteristics of the high reproductive new swine strain HN.【Method】Animal model BLUP(best linear unbiased prediction method)and REML(the derivation constraint of maximumlikelihood method)were used to evaluate phenotypic and genetic parameters of reproductive traits of the swine strain-HN.【Result】The results showed that variation coefficient of reproduction traits of the strain HN was small between 1.75% and 6.42%.The heritability of the total litter size,number born alive,weaning survival,teat number,individual weight at birth,litter weight at birth,individual weight in 21 days old,litter weight in 21 days,individual weight at weaning and litter weight at weaning were 0.160,0.091,0.112,0.072,0.167,0.170,0.116,0.119,0.202 and 0.114,respectively.Phenotypic correlation between the total litter size,number born alive,weaning survival and individual weight at birth,individual weight in21 days,individual weight at weaning were-0.220,-0.121,-0.061,-0.249,-0.125,-0.099,-0.179,-0.057,-0.217,respectively.Phenotypic and genetic correlation between other reproductive traits were positive.However,phenotypic and genetic correlation between weaning weight and other reproductive traits were moderate or strong positive correlation.Genetic progress of the total litter size,number born alive,weaning survival,teat number,individual weight at birth,litter weight at birth,individual weight in 21 days,litter weight aged in 21 days,individual weight at weaning and litter weight at weaning were0.000 440heads/generation,0.001 019heads/generation,0.000 112heads/generation,0.003 106pairs/generation,0.004 361kg/generation,0.000 115kg/generation,0.002 620kg/generation,0.010 261kg/generation,0.001 875kg/generation and 0.011 226kg/generation.【Conclusion】The variation coefficient of various phenotypic parameters of traits were small,heritability of reproductive traits conformed to the general rules,showing that the strain HN had stable genetic basis,and reached the breeding goals.In the process of breeding,the total litter size and weaning weight could be used as major traits to select high reproductive individuals.
【Objective】To evaluate genetic characteristics of the high reproductive new swine strain HN.the evaluate genetic characteristics of the high reproductive new swine strain HN.【Method】Animal model BLUP(best linear unbiased prediction method)and REML(the derivation constraint of maximumlikelihood method)were used to evaluate phenotypic and genetic parameters of reproductive traits of the swine strain-HN.【Result】The results showed that variation coefficient of reproduction traits of the strain HN was small between 1.75% and 6.42%.The heritability of the total litter size,number born alive,weaning survival,teat number,individual weight at birth,litter weight at birth,individual weight in 21 days old,litter weight in 21 days,individual weight at weaning and litter weight at weaning were 0.160,0.091,0.112,0.072,0.167,0.170,0.116,0.119,0.202 and 0.114,respectively.Phenotypic correlation between the total litter size,number born alive,weaning survival and individual weight at birth,individual weight in21 days,individual weight at weaning were-0.220,-0.121,-0.061,-0.249,-0.125,-0.099,-0.179,-0.057,-0.217,respectively.Phenotypic and genetic correlation between other reproductive traits were positive.However,phenotypic and genetic correlation between weaning weight and other reproductive traits were moderate or strong positive correlation.Genetic progress of the total litter size,number born alive,weaning survival,teat number,individual weight at birth,litter weight at birth,individual weight in 21 days,litter weight aged in 21 days,individual weight at weaning and litter weight at weaning were0.000 440heads/generation,0.001 019heads/generation,0.000 112heads/generation,0.003 106pairs/generation,0.004 361kg/generation,0.000 115kg/generation,0.002 620kg/generation,0.010 261kg/generation,0.001 875kg/generation and 0.011 226kg/generation.【Conclusion】The variation coefficient of various phenotypic parameters of traits were small,heritability of reproductive traits conformed to the general rules,showing that the strain HN had stable genetic basis,and reached the breeding goals.In the process of breeding,the total litter size and weaning weight could be used as major traits to select high reproductive individuals.
引文
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[12]REVELLE T J.An explanation for the low heritability of litter size in swine[J].Journal of Animal Science,1973,37:669.
[2]宋忠旭,孙华,彭先文,等.大白猪高繁母本新品系主要繁殖性状的遗传参数估测[J].湖北农业科学,2012,51(23):5409-5411.
[3]BOLDMAN K G,KRIESE L A,VAN VLECK L D,et al.A manual for use of mtdfreml:A set of programs to obtain estimates of variances and covariances(draft)[M].Washington D C:U S Department of Agriculture,Agricultural Research Service,1995.
[4]王清义,陈伟基,龚泽元,等.淮南猪繁殖性状遗传参数的研究[J].河南农业科学,1991,17(7):29-31.
[5]连林生,鲁绍雄.撒坝猪繁殖性状的表型和遗传参数分析[J].畜牧与兽医,2001,33(2):6-8.
[6]梅书棋,胡华.湖北白猪繁殖性状的遗传分析[J].湖北农业科学,2000,25(1):57-60.
[7]曹果清,袁建霞,周忠孝,等.山西瘦肉型猪SD-Ⅱ系繁殖性状的表型和遗传参数估测[J].山西农业大学学报,2000(4):320-323.
[8]杨建强.山西瘦肉型猪新品系(SD-Ⅲ系)遗传分析[D].晋中:山西农业大学,2001.
[9]时增善,王秀菊,王孝峰,等.长白猪繁殖性状遗传参数估测[J].辽宁畜牧兽医,1999(1):13-15.
[10]朱家涛,陶建良,谢江明.长白猪繁殖性状的遗传参数估测[J].浙江畜牧兽医,2001(4):1-2.
[11]周立平.长白猪主要性能测定及遗传参数估计研究[J].湖南农业科学,2011(7):122-124,128.
[12]REVELLE T J.An explanation for the low heritability of litter size in swine[J].Journal of Animal Science,1973,37:669.