氚在RAFM钢中的渗透
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摘要
采用气相渗透方法,开展了国产低活化铁素体/马氏体钢(RAFM钢)之一的CLAM钢的氚渗透实验,研究了影响渗透的关键因素,建立了可靠的实验方法。在573～823K温度范围内,得出氚的渗透率ΦT为2.57×10-8exp(-38639/RT),氚溶解度ST为2.2×10-1exp(-38639/RT),扩散系数DT为1.17×10-7exp(-22011/RT)。另外,氘氚混合渗透时存在明显的正同位素效应,在实验温度范围内,推导得出的氘氚渗透分离系数αDT为1.42,氕氚渗透分离系数αHT为3.76。
The tritium permeability of CLAM steel, one of the low activated ferrite/martensite steels(RAFM steels) made in China, have been experimentally measured by means of the gas evolution permeation technique over the temperature range of 573-823 K. The resultant permeability ΦT is 2.57×10~(-8) exp(-38639/RT), the deduced diffusivity D_T is 1.17×10~(-7) exp(-22011/RT) and Sieverts' constant S_T is 2.2×10-1 exp(-38639/RT). Again, there is an obvious isotope effect on D-T mixture permeation in which the permeability of deuterium is larger than that of tritium. The permeation separation coefficient αDT is 1.42 for D-T, and αHT is 3.76 for H-T.
The tritium permeability of CLAM steel, one of the low activated ferrite/martensite steels(RAFM steels) made in China, have been experimentally measured by means of the gas evolution permeation technique over the temperature range of 573-823 K. The resultant permeability ΦT is 2.57×10~(-8) exp(-38639/RT), the deduced diffusivity D_T is 1.17×10~(-7) exp(-22011/RT) and Sieverts' constant S_T is 2.2×10-1 exp(-38639/RT). Again, there is an obvious isotope effect on D-T mixture permeation in which the permeability of deuterium is larger than that of tritium. The permeation separation coefficient αDT is 1.42 for D-T, and αHT is 3.76 for H-T.
引文
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[14]陆光达,向鑫,张桂凯,等.CLAM钢中氕氘的渗透与去除[J].原子能科学技术,2018,52(8):1474-1480.
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[2]Ehrlich K,Bloom E E,Kondo T.International Strategy for Fusion Materials Developement[J].J.Nucl.Mater..2000,283-287:79-88.
[3]Karl Ehrlich.Materials Research towards a Fusion Reactor[J].Fusion Eng&Des.2001,56-57:71-82.
[4]Muroga T,Gasparotto M,Zinkle S J.Overview of Materials Research for Fusion Reactors[J].Fusion Eng&Des.2002(61-62):13-25.
[5]Zhenyu Yao,Jiakun Hao.The permeation of tritium through 316L stainless steel with multiple coatings[J].Journal of Nuclear Materials.2000,283-287:1287-1291.
[6]王佩璇,宋家树.材料中的氦及氚渗透[M].北京:国防工业出版社,2002.
[7]周德惠,谭云编.金属的环境氢脆及其试验技术[M].北京:国防工业出版社,1998.
[8]黄群英,李春京,李艳芬,等.中国低活化马氏体钢CLAM研究进展[J].核科学与工程,2007,27(1):41-50.
[9]Peng L,Huang Q Y,Ohnuki S,et al.Swelling of CLAMsteel irradiated by electron/helium to 17.5 dpa with10appm He-dpa[J].Fus Eng Des.2011,86:2624-2626.
[10]付海英,王平怀,谌继明.CLF-1低活化铁素体/马氏体钢的热处理工艺[J].机械工程材料.2010,34(1):28-32.
[11]WANG Pinghuai,CHEN Jiming FU Haiying,et al.Technical Issues for the Fabrication of a CN-HCCB-TBM Based on RAFM Steel CLF-1[J].Plasma Science and Technology.2013,15(2):133-136.
[12]Xia Z X,Zhang C,Lan H,et al.Influence of smelting processes on precipitation behaviors and mechanical properties of low activation ferrite steels[J].Materials Science and Engineering A.2010,528:657-662.
[13]Bo Wang,Lingbo Liu,Xin Xiang,et al.Diffusive transport parameters of deuterium through China reduced activation ferritic-martensitic steels[J].Journal of Nuclear Materials.2016,470:30-33.
[14]陆光达,向鑫,张桂凯,等.CLAM钢中氕氘的渗透与去除[J].原子能科学技术,2018,52(8):1474-1480.
[15]Dolinsky Yu N.Dolinsky,Zouev Yu N,Lyasota I A,et al.Permeation of deuterium and tritium through the martensitic steel F82H[J].Journal of Nuclear Materials,2002,307-311:1484-1487.
[16]Esteban G A,Perujo A,Douglas K,et al.Tritium diffusive transport parameters and trapping effects in the reduced activating martensitic steel OPTIFER-IVb[J].Journal of Nuclear Materials,2000,281:34-41.
[17]Nakamichi M,Kulsartov T V,Hayashi K,et al.In-pile tritium permeation through F82H steel with and without a ceramic coating of Cr2O3-SiO2 including Cr PO4[J].Fusion Engineering and Design,2007,82:2246-2251.