一株凝结芽孢杆菌YNAU 5517对热应激肉鸡生长性能影响的初探
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摘要
240只21日龄AA肉公鸡分成3个处理组,在22～42日龄阶段研究饲用凝结芽孢杆菌对热应激肉鸡生产性能的影响。对照组是非热应激处理组(Control,C);试验组1是热应激处理组(Heat Stress,HS),但不使用凝结芽孢杆菌;试验组2是热应激条件下使用凝结芽孢杆菌的处理组(Heat Stress+Bacillus coagulans YNAU 5517,HS-BC)。试验结果显示:与对照组肉鸡血清皮质酮浓度相比,试验组1升高了43.4%,差异显著(P<0.05);试验组2升高了19.5%,但差异不显著(P>0.05)。试验组2肉鸡血清皮质酮浓度比试验组1降低了16.7%,差异显著(P<0.05)。试验组1与试验组2肉鸡的平均日采食量及平均日增重统计差异不显著(P>0.05),均显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。饲料/增重比指标,试验组2比试验组1降低约3%(P>0.05),但均显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。干物质、粗蛋白、粗灰分等3个表观代谢率指标,三个处理组之间统计差异均不显著(P>0.05);其中试验组1和试验组2肉鸡对饲料粗脂肪的表观代谢率有高于对照组的趋势(0.050.05)。低密度脂蛋白胆固醇浓度指标,对照组最低、试验1组最高,且3个处理组之间统计差异均显著(P<0.05)。试验初步证明,凝结芽孢杆菌YNAU 5517能够一定程度的改善热应激肉鸡生产性能,直接效果是对料重比显示了积极的改善作用。
Two hundred and forty AA broilers were assigned three treatment groups: Thermoneutralregular diet(the control group, C), Heat stress-regular diet(HS), and Heat stress-Probiotic Bacillus coagulans YNAU 5517(HS-BC), to study the effects of probiotic B.coagulans on the growth performance in heat stress broilers during the experiment period of 22～42 days of age. The serum corticosterone levels of HS and HS-BC broilers increased 43.4%(P<0.05) and 19.5%(P>0.05) compared with those of the control, and HS-BC decreased16.7%(P<0.05) as compared to HS. For the average daily feed intake and average daily gain, HS and HS-BC broilers were no significant differences, and were lower than the control. The feed/gain ratio of HS broilers decreased 3%(P>0.05)compared with HS-BC, and were higher than the control. The apparent digestibility of dry matter, crude protein and crude ash were no significant differences among three groups, and the apparent digestibility values of crude fat for HS and HS-BC had higher than C broilers(0.050.05). The values of low density lipoprotein cholesterol were in the order of C
Two hundred and forty AA broilers were assigned three treatment groups: Thermoneutralregular diet(the control group, C), Heat stress-regular diet(HS), and Heat stress-Probiotic Bacillus coagulans YNAU 5517(HS-BC), to study the effects of probiotic B.coagulans on the growth performance in heat stress broilers during the experiment period of 22～42 days of age. The serum corticosterone levels of HS and HS-BC broilers increased 43.4%(P<0.05) and 19.5%(P>0.05) compared with those of the control, and HS-BC decreased16.7%(P<0.05) as compared to HS. For the average daily feed intake and average daily gain, HS and HS-BC broilers were no significant differences, and were lower than the control. The feed/gain ratio of HS broilers decreased 3%(P>0.05)compared with HS-BC, and were higher than the control. The apparent digestibility of dry matter, crude protein and crude ash were no significant differences among three groups, and the apparent digestibility values of crude fat for HS and HS-BC had higher than C broilers(0.05
引文
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[10]张春垒,蒙洪娇,吴黎,等.益生菌在畜禽养殖中的应用及其作用机制[J].饲料博览,2018(7):16-18,21.
[11]Jahromi M F,Altaher Y W,Shokryazdan P,et al.Dietary supplementation of a mixture of Lactobacillus strains enhances performance of broiler chickens raised under heat stress conditions[J].International Journal of Biometerology,2016,60(7):1099-1110.
[12]Al-Fataftah A R,Abdelqader A.Effects of dietary Bacillus subtilis on heat-stressed broilers performance,intestinal morphology and microflora composition[J].Animal Feed Science and Technology,2014(198):279-285.
[13]程志斌,余冬友,胡小波,等.饲用凝结芽孢杆菌在仔猪生产中的应用研究进展[J].饲料工业,2017,38(23):25-28.
[14]王乙茹,白华毅,王桂瑛,等.饲料添加凝结芽孢杆菌及枯草芽孢杆菌对生长猪的生长性能影响[J].饲料博览,2018(9):1-5.
[15]杨保和,白华毅,王桂瑛,等.添加凝结芽孢杆菌对生长猪生产性能的影响[J].饲料博览,2018(2):5-8.
[16]夏涛,白华毅,王乙茹,等.饲用凝结芽孢杆菌在肉鸡生产中的应用研究进展[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2018,10(23):42-45.
[17]Wu Y Y,Shao Y J,Song B C,et al.Effects of Bacillus coagulans supplementation on the growth performance and gut health of broiler chickens with Clostridium perfringens induced necrotic enteritis[J].Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology,2018,9:9.doi:10.1186/s40104-017-0220-2.
[18]孙苏皖,李园园,陈晴,等.复合肠道保护剂对良凤花肉鸡营养物质消化代谢的影响[J].饲料工业,2018,38(24):12-17.
[19]许运岑,吕超,于曦,等.枯草芽孢杆菌对AA商品肉鸡生产性能、血清生化指标及经济效益的影响[J].饲料工业,2017,38(24):32-35.
[20]Sohai M U,Hume M E,Byrd J A,et al.Effect of supplementation of prebiotic mannan-oligosaccharides and probiotic mixture on growth performance of broilers subjected to chronic heat stress[J].Poultry Science,2012,91(9):2235-2240.
[21]Song J,Xiao K,Ke Y L,et al.Effect of a probiotic mixture on intestinal microflora,morphology,and barrier integrity of broilers subjected to heat stress[J].Poultry Science,2014,93(3):581-589.
[22]Lara L J,Rostagno M H.Impact of heat stress on poultry production[J].Animals,2013,3(2):356-369.
[23]Nelson J R,McIntyre D R,Pavlidis H O,et al.Reducing stress susceptibility of broiler chickens by supplementing a yeast fermentation product in the feed or drinking water[J].Animals,2018,8(10).pii:E173.doi:10.3390/ani8100173.
[24]Selvam R,Suresh S,Saravanakumar M,et al.Alleviation of heat stress by a polyherbal formulation,Phytocee?:Impact on zootechnical parameters,cloacal temperature,and stress markers[J].Pharmacognosy Research,2018,10(1):1-8.doi:10.4103/pr.pr_138_17.
[25]Sohail M U,Ijaz A,Yousaf M S,et al.Alleviation of cyclic heat stress in broilers by dietary supplementation of mannan-oligosaccharide and Lactobacillus-based probiotic:Dynamics of cortisol,thyroid hormones,cholesterol,C-reactive protein,and humoral immunity[J].Poultry Science,2010,89(9):1934-1938.
[26]Najafi P,Zulkifli I,Jajuli N A,et al.Environmental temperature and stocking density effects on acute phase proteins,heat shock protein 70,circulating corticosterone and performance in broiler chickens[J].International Journal of Biometeorology,2015,59(11):1577-1583.
[27]杨梅梅.中药复方与益生素对热应激下肉鸡肠道菌群及生长的影响[D].华南农业大学,2016.
[28]Hossein R S,Laura E,Tom P,et al.Noni(Morinda citrifolia)Modulates the Hypothalamic Expression of Stress-and Metabolic-Related Genes in Broilers Exposed to Acute Heat Stress[J].Frontiers in Genetics,2017,8:192.
[29]洪奇华,宋娟,胡彩虹,等.纤维寡糖和益生菌对热应激肉鸡营养物质消化、肠黏膜氨基酸转运载体mRNA表达和氮排放的影响[J].动物营养学报,2014,26(9):2772-2778.
[30]李秋粉.益生菌对热应激肉鸡肠道屏障功能的影响[D].江西农业大学,2017.
[31]张浩,董磊,王英俊,等.丁酸甘油酯对肉鸡生长性能、养分表观消化率、屠宰性能、肠道形态及微生物菌群的影响[J].中国畜牧兽医,2016,43(8):2013-2019.
[32]Xie J J,Tang L,Lu L,et al.Effects of acute and chronic heat stress on plasma metabolites,hormones and oxidant status in restrictedly fed broiler breeders[J].Poultry Science,2015,94(7):1635-1644.
[33]Quinteiro-Filho W M,Gomes A V S,Pinheiro M L,et al.Heat stress impairs performance and induces intestinal inflammation in broiler chickens infected with Salmonella Enteritidis[J].Avian Pathology,2012,41(5):421-427.
[34]Alhenakya A,Abdelqaderb A,AbuajamiehM,et al.The effect of heat stress on intestinal integrity and Salmonella invasion in broiler birds[J].Poultry Science,2015,94(7):1635-1644.
[35]高映红,白华毅,王桂瑛,等.脂肪酶对白羽肉鸡生长性能与养分利用的影响[J].饲料工业,2016,37(23):37-41.
[36]和劲松,白华毅,张海鹏,等.饲用脂肪酶对黄羽肉仔鸡生长性能影响的研究[J].饲料博览,2017(1):1-5.
[2]李叶涵,周佳,张越,等.L-精氨酸和α-酮戊二酸对热应激肉鸡肝脏功能的影响[J].饲料工业,2016,37(16):6-11.
[3]吴琦琳.中草药提取物对热应激状态下后备公鸡生产性能的影响[J].饲料博览,2018(10):26-28.
[4]Sugiharto S,Yudiarti T,Isroli I,et al.Dietary supplementation of probiotics in poultry exposed to heat stress[J].Annals of Animal Science,2017,17(3):591-604.
[5]朱艳伶,刘坤,吴振鸣,等.宽甸夏季肉鸡热应激致死原因分析[J].饲料博览,2018(10):81.
[6]Wang W C,Yan F F,Hu J Y,et al.Supplementation of Bacillus subtilis based probiotic reduces heat stress-related behaviors and inflammatory response in broiler chickens[J].Journal of Animal Science,2018,96(5):1654-1666.
[7]覃子榕.中草药提取物对产蛋鸡热应激的影响[J].饲料博览,2018(8):25-27.
[8]Attia Y A,Alharthi M A,Elshafey A S,et al.Enhancing tolerance of broiler chickens to heat stress by supplementation with vitamin E,vitamin C and/or probiotics[J].Annals of Animal Science,2017,17(4):1155-1169.
[9]Mohammed A A,Jacobs J A,Murugesan G R,et al.Effect of dietary synbiotic supplement on behavioral patterns and growth performance of broiler chickens reared under heat stress[J].Poultry Science,2018,97(4):1101-1108.
[10]张春垒,蒙洪娇,吴黎,等.益生菌在畜禽养殖中的应用及其作用机制[J].饲料博览,2018(7):16-18,21.
[11]Jahromi M F,Altaher Y W,Shokryazdan P,et al.Dietary supplementation of a mixture of Lactobacillus strains enhances performance of broiler chickens raised under heat stress conditions[J].International Journal of Biometerology,2016,60(7):1099-1110.
[12]Al-Fataftah A R,Abdelqader A.Effects of dietary Bacillus subtilis on heat-stressed broilers performance,intestinal morphology and microflora composition[J].Animal Feed Science and Technology,2014(198):279-285.
[13]程志斌,余冬友,胡小波,等.饲用凝结芽孢杆菌在仔猪生产中的应用研究进展[J].饲料工业,2017,38(23):25-28.
[14]王乙茹,白华毅,王桂瑛,等.饲料添加凝结芽孢杆菌及枯草芽孢杆菌对生长猪的生长性能影响[J].饲料博览,2018(9):1-5.
[15]杨保和,白华毅,王桂瑛,等.添加凝结芽孢杆菌对生长猪生产性能的影响[J].饲料博览,2018(2):5-8.
[16]夏涛,白华毅,王乙茹,等.饲用凝结芽孢杆菌在肉鸡生产中的应用研究进展[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2018,10(23):42-45.
[17]Wu Y Y,Shao Y J,Song B C,et al.Effects of Bacillus coagulans supplementation on the growth performance and gut health of broiler chickens with Clostridium perfringens induced necrotic enteritis[J].Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology,2018,9:9.doi:10.1186/s40104-017-0220-2.
[18]孙苏皖,李园园,陈晴,等.复合肠道保护剂对良凤花肉鸡营养物质消化代谢的影响[J].饲料工业,2018,38(24):12-17.
[19]许运岑,吕超,于曦,等.枯草芽孢杆菌对AA商品肉鸡生产性能、血清生化指标及经济效益的影响[J].饲料工业,2017,38(24):32-35.
[20]Sohai M U,Hume M E,Byrd J A,et al.Effect of supplementation of prebiotic mannan-oligosaccharides and probiotic mixture on growth performance of broilers subjected to chronic heat stress[J].Poultry Science,2012,91(9):2235-2240.
[21]Song J,Xiao K,Ke Y L,et al.Effect of a probiotic mixture on intestinal microflora,morphology,and barrier integrity of broilers subjected to heat stress[J].Poultry Science,2014,93(3):581-589.
[22]Lara L J,Rostagno M H.Impact of heat stress on poultry production[J].Animals,2013,3(2):356-369.
[23]Nelson J R,McIntyre D R,Pavlidis H O,et al.Reducing stress susceptibility of broiler chickens by supplementing a yeast fermentation product in the feed or drinking water[J].Animals,2018,8(10).pii:E173.doi:10.3390/ani8100173.
[24]Selvam R,Suresh S,Saravanakumar M,et al.Alleviation of heat stress by a polyherbal formulation,Phytocee?:Impact on zootechnical parameters,cloacal temperature,and stress markers[J].Pharmacognosy Research,2018,10(1):1-8.doi:10.4103/pr.pr_138_17.
[25]Sohail M U,Ijaz A,Yousaf M S,et al.Alleviation of cyclic heat stress in broilers by dietary supplementation of mannan-oligosaccharide and Lactobacillus-based probiotic:Dynamics of cortisol,thyroid hormones,cholesterol,C-reactive protein,and humoral immunity[J].Poultry Science,2010,89(9):1934-1938.
[26]Najafi P,Zulkifli I,Jajuli N A,et al.Environmental temperature and stocking density effects on acute phase proteins,heat shock protein 70,circulating corticosterone and performance in broiler chickens[J].International Journal of Biometeorology,2015,59(11):1577-1583.
[27]杨梅梅.中药复方与益生素对热应激下肉鸡肠道菌群及生长的影响[D].华南农业大学,2016.
[28]Hossein R S,Laura E,Tom P,et al.Noni(Morinda citrifolia)Modulates the Hypothalamic Expression of Stress-and Metabolic-Related Genes in Broilers Exposed to Acute Heat Stress[J].Frontiers in Genetics,2017,8:192.
[29]洪奇华,宋娟,胡彩虹,等.纤维寡糖和益生菌对热应激肉鸡营养物质消化、肠黏膜氨基酸转运载体mRNA表达和氮排放的影响[J].动物营养学报,2014,26(9):2772-2778.
[30]李秋粉.益生菌对热应激肉鸡肠道屏障功能的影响[D].江西农业大学,2017.
[31]张浩,董磊,王英俊,等.丁酸甘油酯对肉鸡生长性能、养分表观消化率、屠宰性能、肠道形态及微生物菌群的影响[J].中国畜牧兽医,2016,43(8):2013-2019.
[32]Xie J J,Tang L,Lu L,et al.Effects of acute and chronic heat stress on plasma metabolites,hormones and oxidant status in restrictedly fed broiler breeders[J].Poultry Science,2015,94(7):1635-1644.
[33]Quinteiro-Filho W M,Gomes A V S,Pinheiro M L,et al.Heat stress impairs performance and induces intestinal inflammation in broiler chickens infected with Salmonella Enteritidis[J].Avian Pathology,2012,41(5):421-427.
[34]Alhenakya A,Abdelqaderb A,AbuajamiehM,et al.The effect of heat stress on intestinal integrity and Salmonella invasion in broiler birds[J].Poultry Science,2015,94(7):1635-1644.
[35]高映红,白华毅,王桂瑛,等.脂肪酶对白羽肉鸡生长性能与养分利用的影响[J].饲料工业,2016,37(23):37-41.
[36]和劲松,白华毅,张海鹏,等.饲用脂肪酶对黄羽肉仔鸡生长性能影响的研究[J].饲料博览,2017(1):1-5.