一价镧离子高n里德伯态
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摘要
基于五步激光共振激发,经由中间态(Xe) 5d6d~3F_2的一价镧离子光谱,分析了该实验谱,确定了一价镧离子一强一弱两个自电离里德伯系列.同时利用多通道量子亏损理论(MQDT)框架下的相对论多通道理论(RMCT)计算,标识了这两个自电离里德伯系列,强的自电离里德伯系列标识为5dnp(5/2,1/2)_3和/或5dnp(5/2,1/2)_2,弱系列标识为为5dnf(5/2,5/2)_3和/或5dnf(5/2,5/2)_2.根据实验谱峰数据,发现有效量子数很高时,里德伯和自电离里德伯能级量子数亏损随激发能量不平滑变化,并分析了可能的原因.
We analyze ionic spectrum of lanthanum via intermediate state(Xe)5 d6 d ~3 F2 in the energy region 89872-91783 cm~(-1), and the spectrum is obtained using five-laser resonance excitation in combination with a method of sequential ionization by a pulsed electric field and a constant electric field, and has been recalibrate in this work. Both of one strong and one weak autoionization Rydberg series converging to the La~(2+) state are determined. Meanwhile, the two autoionization Rydberg series are assigned by relativistic multichannel theory(RMCT) within the framework of multi-channel quantum defect theory(MQDT). More specifically, the strong autoionization Rydberg series is assigned to 5 dnp(5/2,1/2)_3 and/or 5 dnp(5/2,1/2)_2,and the weak autoionization Rydberg series is assigned to 5 dnf(5/2,1/2)_3 and/or 5 dnf(5/2,5/2)_2. We focus on the behavior of quantum defect with excitation energy for high n Rydberg states, which are sensitive to the existence of a external field.We find the breakdown of quantum defect regular behavior for a specific Rydberg series and autoionization Rydberg series of La+ as the effective quantum number n* >67. Due to that our calculations, which are obtained by relativistic multichannel theory and included configuration interactions, are in basically agreement with that for experimental low n(n* < 67) Rydberg states as well as small stray electric fields, we suggest that plasma formed by photoionization of La atoms in the second excitation step may be responsible for the breakdown of quantum defect regular behavior.
We analyze ionic spectrum of lanthanum via intermediate state(Xe)5 d6 d ~3 F2 in the energy region 89872-91783 cm~(-1), and the spectrum is obtained using five-laser resonance excitation in combination with a method of sequential ionization by a pulsed electric field and a constant electric field, and has been recalibrate in this work. Both of one strong and one weak autoionization Rydberg series converging to the La~(2+) state are determined. Meanwhile, the two autoionization Rydberg series are assigned by relativistic multichannel theory(RMCT) within the framework of multi-channel quantum defect theory(MQDT). More specifically, the strong autoionization Rydberg series is assigned to 5 dnp(5/2,1/2)_3 and/or 5 dnp(5/2,1/2)_2,and the weak autoionization Rydberg series is assigned to 5 dnf(5/2,1/2)_3 and/or 5 dnf(5/2,5/2)_2. We focus on the behavior of quantum defect with excitation energy for high n Rydberg states, which are sensitive to the existence of a external field.We find the breakdown of quantum defect regular behavior for a specific Rydberg series and autoionization Rydberg series of La+ as the effective quantum number n* >67. Due to that our calculations, which are obtained by relativistic multichannel theory and included configuration interactions, are in basically agreement with that for experimental low n(n* < 67) Rydberg states as well as small stray electric fields, we suggest that plasma formed by photoionization of La atoms in the second excitation step may be responsible for the breakdown of quantum defect regular behavior.
引文
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[22]Huang W, Liang Z T, Du Y X, Yan H, Zhu S L 2015 Acta Phys. Sin. 64 160702(in Chinese)[黄巍,梁振涛,杜炎雄,颜辉,朱诗亮2015物理学报64 160702]
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[24]Huang W, Xu X Y, Xu C B, Xue M, Chen D Y 1995 J. Opt.Soc. Am. B 12 961
[25]Huang W, Xu X Y, Xu C B, Xue M, Li L Q, Chen D Y 1994Phy. Rev. A 49 R653
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[27]LiXM,RuanYP,ZhongZP2012Acta Phys. Sin.61023104(in Chinese)[李心梅,阮亚平,钟志萍2012物理学报61 023104]
[28]JiaFD,ZhongZP,SunW,XueP,XuXY2009Phys.Rev. A 79 032505
[29]Lv S F, Li R, Jia F D, Li X K, Lassen J, Zhong Z P 2017Chin. Phys. Lett. 34 073101
[30]Li R, Lassen J, Zhong Z P, Jia F D, Mostamand M, Li X K,ReichBB,Teigelh?ferA,YanH2017Phy. Rev. A95052501
[31]GallagherTF1994Rydberg Atom(1stEd.)(Cambridge:Cambridge University Press)pp 70–102
[32] Ecker G, Kr?ll W 1963 Phys. Fluids 6 62
[33] Stewart J C, Pyatt Jr. K D 1966 Astrophys. J. 144 1203
[34] Qi Y Y, Wang J G, Janev R K 2008 Phys. Rev. A 78 062511
[35] Lyon M, Rolston S L 2017 Rep. Prog. Phys. 80 017001
[36] Park H, Ali R, Gallagher T F 2010 Phys. Rev. A 82 023421
[2]Kramida A, Ralchenko Y, Reader J, Team, NIST A S D url:https://physics.nist.gov/asd[2018-12-1]
[3] Fano U 1970 Phys. Rev. A 2 353
[4] Lee C M, Lu K T 1973 Phys. Rev. A 8 1241
[5] Greene C, Fano U, Strinati G 1979 Phys. Rev. A 19 1485
[6]Johnson W R, Lin C D, Cheng K T, Lee C M 1980 Phys.Scr. 21 409
[7]Li J M 1980 Acta Phys. Sin. 29 419(in Chinese)[李家明1980物理学报29 419]
[8] Seaton M J 1983 Rep. Prog. Phys. 46 167
[9] Li J M 1983 Acta Phys. Sin. 32 84(in Chinese)[李家明1983物理学报32 84]
[10] Lee C M 1974 Phys. Rev. A 10 584
[11]Zou Y, Tong X M, Li J M 1995 Acta Phys. Sin. 44 50(in Chinese)[邹宇,仝晓民,李家明1995物理学报44 50]
[12]Huang W, Zou Y, Tong X M, Li J M 1995 Phys. Rev. A 522770
[13]Yan J, Zhang P H, Tong X M, Li J M 1996 Acta Phys. Sin.45 1978(in Chinese)[颜君,张培鸿,仝晓民,李家明1996物理学报45 1978]
[14] Li J M, Wu Y J, Pratt R H 1989 Phys. Rev. A 40 3036
[15] Xia D, Li J M 2001 Chin. Phys. Lett. 18 1334
[16]Xia D, Zhang S Z, Peng Y L, Li J M 2003 Chin. Phys. Lett.20 56
[17]Sun W, Yan J, Zhong Z P, Xie X P, Xue P, Xu X Y 2001 J.Phys. B:At. Mol. Opt. Phys. 34 369
[18]ZhangXF,JiaFD,ZhongZP,XueP,XuXY,YanJ2007 Chin. Phys. Lett. 24 2808
[19]Wang J Y, Zhong Z P, Jia F D, Qu Y Z, Zhong Y P 2008 J.Phys. B:At. Mol. Opt. Phys. 41 085002
[20] Zhong Y P, Jia F D, Zhong Z P 2009 Chin. Phys. B 18 4242
[21]SedlacekJA,SchwettmannA,KüblerH,L?wR,PfauT,Shaffer J P 2012 Nat. Phys. 8 819
[22]Huang W, Liang Z T, Du Y X, Yan H, Zhu S L 2015 Acta Phys. Sin. 64 160702(in Chinese)[黄巍,梁振涛,杜炎雄,颜辉,朱诗亮2015物理学报64 160702]
[23]SunW2001Ph. D. Dissertation(Beijing:Tsinghua University)(in Chinese)[孙玮2001博士学位论文(北京:清华大学)]
[24]Huang W, Xu X Y, Xu C B, Xue M, Chen D Y 1995 J. Opt.Soc. Am. B 12 961
[25]Huang W, Xu X Y, Xu C B, Xue M, Li L Q, Chen D Y 1994Phy. Rev. A 49 R653
[26]Zhao Z X, Li J M 1985 Acta Phys. Sin. 34 1469(in Chinese)[赵中新,李家明1985物理学报34 1469]
[27]LiXM,RuanYP,ZhongZP2012Acta Phys. Sin.61023104(in Chinese)[李心梅,阮亚平,钟志萍2012物理学报61 023104]
[28]JiaFD,ZhongZP,SunW,XueP,XuXY2009Phys.Rev. A 79 032505
[29]Lv S F, Li R, Jia F D, Li X K, Lassen J, Zhong Z P 2017Chin. Phys. Lett. 34 073101
[30]Li R, Lassen J, Zhong Z P, Jia F D, Mostamand M, Li X K,ReichBB,Teigelh?ferA,YanH2017Phy. Rev. A95052501
[31]GallagherTF1994Rydberg Atom(1stEd.)(Cambridge:Cambridge University Press)pp 70–102
[32] Ecker G, Kr?ll W 1963 Phys. Fluids 6 62
[33] Stewart J C, Pyatt Jr. K D 1966 Astrophys. J. 144 1203
[34] Qi Y Y, Wang J G, Janev R K 2008 Phys. Rev. A 78 062511
[35] Lyon M, Rolston S L 2017 Rep. Prog. Phys. 80 017001
[36] Park H, Ali R, Gallagher T F 2010 Phys. Rev. A 82 023421