江苏省大学生体育锻炼参与行为现状及影响因素分析
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摘要
目的了解江苏省大学生体育锻炼参与现状及影响因素,为促进大学生体质健康发展提供参考。方法分层整群抽取江苏省12所高校2643名大学生进行体育锻炼参与行为的问卷调查。结果仅有2.3%(60/2 643)的大学生每周上体育课课时数≥3学时,29.9%(790名)每周参与课外体育锻炼次数≥3次,14.8%(391名)每天参与体育锻炼时间≥1 h,23.0%(609名)掌握的运动技能项数≥3项,45.7%(1208名)未参加体育社团,17.8%(471名)参与校外体育俱乐部等社会体育组织; 40.1%(1059名)的学生认为体育课程内容缺乏趣味性,31.9%(845名)的学生不喜欢体育教师或其授课方式,19.4%(514名)认为缺乏体育场地或器材,21.1%(558名)认为体育锻炼对学习效果没影响,28.9%(764名)认为体育课程及相关活动对就业没有影响,17.1%(451名)认为体育成绩好坏不影响在校评优和进步;大学生体育锻炼参与行为现状及不喜欢体育锻炼原因的性别、年级和地区差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05)。单因素Logistic回归分析显示,性别、年级、地区、课程内容缺乏趣味性、不喜欢体育教师的授课方式、缺乏体育场地或器材是江苏省大学生体育锻炼参与行为的影响因素(P值均<0.05)。结论江苏省大学生体育锻炼参与行为现状情况不容乐观,促进大学生体育锻炼参与行为需要社会、学校和个人兼容并济,共同努力。
Objective To understand the current situation and influencing factors of college students' participation in physical exercise in Jiangsu Province, and to provide reference for promoting the healthy development of college students' physique.Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among 2643 college students in 12 universities in Jiangsu Province.Results Only 2.3%(60/2643) of college students attended physical education classes more than 3 hours a week, 29.9%(790/2643) of them participated in physical exercise more than 3 times a week, 14.8%(391/2643) of them participated in physical exercise more than 1 hour a day, and 23.0%(609/2643) of them mastered more than 3 sports skills.Among the items, 45.7%(1208/2643) of the college students did not participate in sports associations, 17.8%(471/2643) of the college students participated in sports social organizations such as off-campus sports clubs; 40.1%(1059/2643) of the students thought that the content of physical education curriculum lacked interest.About 31.9%(845/2643) of the students did not like the physical education teachers or their teaching methods; 19.4%(514/2643) of the students thought that they lacked sports venues or equipment; 21.1%(558/2643) of the students thought that physical exercise had no effect on learning, and 28.9%(764/2643) of the students thought that physical exercise had no effect on learning.The students thought that physical education curriculum and related activities had no effect on employment.About 17.1%(451/2 643) of the students thought that the performance of physical education did not affect the evaluation and progress; The present situation of college students' participation in physical exercise and the reasons for their dislike of physical exercise are different in gender, grade and region(P<0.05); single factor Logistic regression analysis showed that gender, grade,place and so on.The lack of interesting contents, dislike of PE teachers' teaching methods, lack of sports venues or equipment were the influencing factors of college students' participation in physical exercise in Jiangsu Province(P<0.05).Conclusion The current situation of college students' participation in physical exercise in Jiangsu Province is not optimistic.To promote college students' participation in physical exercise needs the co-operation of society, schools and individuals.
Objective To understand the current situation and influencing factors of college students' participation in physical exercise in Jiangsu Province, and to provide reference for promoting the healthy development of college students' physique.Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among 2643 college students in 12 universities in Jiangsu Province.Results Only 2.3%(60/2643) of college students attended physical education classes more than 3 hours a week, 29.9%(790/2643) of them participated in physical exercise more than 3 times a week, 14.8%(391/2643) of them participated in physical exercise more than 1 hour a day, and 23.0%(609/2643) of them mastered more than 3 sports skills.Among the items, 45.7%(1208/2643) of the college students did not participate in sports associations, 17.8%(471/2643) of the college students participated in sports social organizations such as off-campus sports clubs; 40.1%(1059/2643) of the students thought that the content of physical education curriculum lacked interest.About 31.9%(845/2643) of the students did not like the physical education teachers or their teaching methods; 19.4%(514/2643) of the students thought that they lacked sports venues or equipment; 21.1%(558/2643) of the students thought that physical exercise had no effect on learning, and 28.9%(764/2643) of the students thought that physical exercise had no effect on learning.The students thought that physical education curriculum and related activities had no effect on employment.About 17.1%(451/2 643) of the students thought that the performance of physical education did not affect the evaluation and progress; The present situation of college students' participation in physical exercise and the reasons for their dislike of physical exercise are different in gender, grade and region(P<0.05); single factor Logistic regression analysis showed that gender, grade,place and so on.The lack of interesting contents, dislike of PE teachers' teaching methods, lack of sports venues or equipment were the influencing factors of college students' participation in physical exercise in Jiangsu Province(P<0.05).Conclusion The current situation of college students' participation in physical exercise in Jiangsu Province is not optimistic.To promote college students' participation in physical exercise needs the co-operation of society, schools and individuals.
引文
[1]韩文华,苏煜.体育锻炼与大学生健康生活方式现状分析[J].中国健康教育,2014,30(8):687-690.
[2]国家体育总局.《全民健身指南》解读[EB/OL].[2011-08-14].www.sport.gov.cn/n317/n10506/c819331/content.html.
[3]丁小燕,洪平,章茹,等.江苏省中小学生体育发展现状及影响因素[J].中国学校卫生,2018,39(2):211-218.
[4]苏亮.河南省大学生课外体育锻炼现状及影响因素分析[J].中国学校卫生,2015,36(10):1472-1475.
[5]徐唯,李雁.体育锻炼对女大学生抑郁的影响:社会支持三纬度的多重中介作用[J].中国运动医学杂志,2017,36(5):423-428.
[6]陈章源,於鹏.体育锻炼对大学生主观幸福感的影响:同伴关系的中介效应[J].首都体育学院学报,2015,27(2):165-171.
[7]盛建国,姜彦春,高守清.身体锻炼对大学生应对效能与应对方式影响效应的研究[J].体育与科学,2018,39(3):30-37,54.
[8]国务院办公厅.中共中央国务院关于加强青少年体育增强青少年体质的意见[EB/OL].[2007-05-24].www.gov.cn/jrzg/2007-05/24/content_625090.htm.
[9]姜一鹏.大学生体质自我评价与体育锻炼及健康生活习惯的实证研究[J].天津体育学院学报,2015,30(2):180-184.
[10]谢燕歌,洪浩.普通高校公共体育课程教学指导思想探索与思考[J].北京体育大学学报,2014,37(1):94-99.
[11]张戈,吴洁,钱俊伟.体育社团对大学生体育锻炼行为促进的研究:基于社会生态模式的分析[J].沈阳体育学院学报,2014,33(1):59-62,74.
[12]章建成,张绍礼,罗炯,等.中国青少年课外体育锻炼现状及影响因素研究报告[J].体育科学,2012,32(11):3-18.
[13]王佃娥,毛坤,杜发强.大学生体育课学习满意度与体育锻炼态度关系的研究[J].南京体育学院学报(社会科学版),2015,29(6):121-128.
[14]董宝林,张欢.女大学生性别角色冲突对锻炼投入的影响[J].天津体育学院学报,2016,31(1):82-87.
[15]李先雄,阳慧敏,杨芳.校园环境对在校大学生身体活动参与度的影响研究[J].武汉体育学院学报,2018,52(1):74-81.
[16]董宝林,张欢,朱乐青,等.女大学生体育锻炼行为机制研究[J].南京体育学院学报,2013,27(6):91-98.
[17]庞文绮.体育锻炼对师范女大学生身体自尊的影响[J].体育学刊,2017,24(3):123-127.
[18]黄柳倩,黄翔,温宗林,等.影响广西大学生健康体育行为的因素研究[J].广州体育学院学报,2017,37(1):42-47.
[19]李伟豪,常春.健康行为理论在研究大学生锻炼行为中的应用[J].中国健康教育,2018,34(5):445-447,461.
[20]吕书红,刘志业,朱广荣,等.中国学校健康教育工作要求和内容的变化发展及建议[J].中国学校卫生,2018,39(9):1284-1286.
[2]国家体育总局.《全民健身指南》解读[EB/OL].[2011-08-14].www.sport.gov.cn/n317/n10506/c819331/content.html.
[3]丁小燕,洪平,章茹,等.江苏省中小学生体育发展现状及影响因素[J].中国学校卫生,2018,39(2):211-218.
[4]苏亮.河南省大学生课外体育锻炼现状及影响因素分析[J].中国学校卫生,2015,36(10):1472-1475.
[5]徐唯,李雁.体育锻炼对女大学生抑郁的影响:社会支持三纬度的多重中介作用[J].中国运动医学杂志,2017,36(5):423-428.
[6]陈章源,於鹏.体育锻炼对大学生主观幸福感的影响:同伴关系的中介效应[J].首都体育学院学报,2015,27(2):165-171.
[7]盛建国,姜彦春,高守清.身体锻炼对大学生应对效能与应对方式影响效应的研究[J].体育与科学,2018,39(3):30-37,54.
[8]国务院办公厅.中共中央国务院关于加强青少年体育增强青少年体质的意见[EB/OL].[2007-05-24].www.gov.cn/jrzg/2007-05/24/content_625090.htm.
[9]姜一鹏.大学生体质自我评价与体育锻炼及健康生活习惯的实证研究[J].天津体育学院学报,2015,30(2):180-184.
[10]谢燕歌,洪浩.普通高校公共体育课程教学指导思想探索与思考[J].北京体育大学学报,2014,37(1):94-99.
[11]张戈,吴洁,钱俊伟.体育社团对大学生体育锻炼行为促进的研究:基于社会生态模式的分析[J].沈阳体育学院学报,2014,33(1):59-62,74.
[12]章建成,张绍礼,罗炯,等.中国青少年课外体育锻炼现状及影响因素研究报告[J].体育科学,2012,32(11):3-18.
[13]王佃娥,毛坤,杜发强.大学生体育课学习满意度与体育锻炼态度关系的研究[J].南京体育学院学报(社会科学版),2015,29(6):121-128.
[14]董宝林,张欢.女大学生性别角色冲突对锻炼投入的影响[J].天津体育学院学报,2016,31(1):82-87.
[15]李先雄,阳慧敏,杨芳.校园环境对在校大学生身体活动参与度的影响研究[J].武汉体育学院学报,2018,52(1):74-81.
[16]董宝林,张欢,朱乐青,等.女大学生体育锻炼行为机制研究[J].南京体育学院学报,2013,27(6):91-98.
[17]庞文绮.体育锻炼对师范女大学生身体自尊的影响[J].体育学刊,2017,24(3):123-127.
[18]黄柳倩,黄翔,温宗林,等.影响广西大学生健康体育行为的因素研究[J].广州体育学院学报,2017,37(1):42-47.
[19]李伟豪,常春.健康行为理论在研究大学生锻炼行为中的应用[J].中国健康教育,2018,34(5):445-447,461.
[20]吕书红,刘志业,朱广荣,等.中国学校健康教育工作要求和内容的变化发展及建议[J].中国学校卫生,2018,39(9):1284-1286.
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