茶多酚对蛋鸡重金属联合暴露的缓解作用
|
摘要
本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加重金属铅(Pb)、镉(Cd)、钒(V)和钼(Mo)对产蛋后期蛋鸡生产性能、蛋品质、鸡蛋中重金属残留和血清抗氧化状态的影响以及抗氧化剂茶多酚(TP)的缓解效应。试验选用300只65周龄罗曼粉壳蛋鸡作为试验动物,随机分成3组,对照组饲喂基础饲粮,重金属联合暴露(HEM)组在基础饲粮中添加重金属(5 mg/kg Pb+0.5 mg/kg Cd+5 mg/kg V+10 mg/kg M o),TP组在HEM组基础上添加TP(1 000 mg/kg),每组10个重复,每个重复10只,试验期为5周。结果表明:1)与对照组相比,HEM组日产蛋率显著降低了8.26%(P<0.05),料蛋比显著增加了16.06%(P<0.05),软壳蛋率显著增加(P<0.05)。而TP组日产蛋率和料蛋比与对照组相比差异不显著(P>0.05)。2)与对照组相比,HEM组蛋壳厚度和蛋黄颜色显著降低(P<0.05),蛋壳颜色的亮度值显著增加(P<0.05),红度和黄度值显著降低(P<0.05),蛋白高度和哈氏单位分别降低了20.08%和16.19%(P<0.05)。TP组的蛋壳厚度和蛋黄颜色显著低于对照组(P<0.05),蛋白高度和哈氏单位显著高于HEM组(P<0.05),但与对照组相比没有显著差异(P>0.05)。3)与对照组相比,HEM组的鸡蛋中铁、锌和硒的含量显著下降(P<0.05),分别下降了23.12%、28.66%和65.43%,而Cd、Pb、V和Mo含量显著上升(P<0.05),分别提高了30.42%、21.58%、51.67%和30.66%。TP组微量元素和重金属的含量与HEM组具有同样的趋势,但并没有减少重金属Cd、Pb、V和M o在鸡蛋中的含量。4)与对照组相比,HEM组血清中谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性和还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)含量降低了25.37%和53.97%(P<0.05),丙二醛含量增加了100.00%(P<0.05)。TP组与HEM组相比,血清中GSH-Px活性和GSH含量显著增加(P<0.05)。由此可知,重金属联合暴露会引起蛋鸡生产性能和蛋品质降低,增加蛋中对应重金属的残留,降低机体氧化酶活性,而添加1 000 mg/kg TP在一定程度上缓解了重金属联合暴露导致的生产性能、蛋品质的降低。
The objective of this experiment was to study the effects of dietary exposure of Pb,Cd,V and Mo on the performance,egg quality,heavy metal retention and serum antioxidant status in laying hens and the alleviation effects of tea polyphenol(TP).A total of 300 Pink-eggshell Lohnman laying hens(65-wk-old) were randomly allotted into 3 groups(10 replicates/group,10 birds/replicate),including control(CON) group(basal diet),combined exposure to heavy metal(HEM) group(CON group+5 mg/kg Pb+0.5 mg/kg Cd+5 mg/kg V+10 mg/kg Mo) and TP group(HEM group + 1 000 mg/kg TP).This experiment lasted for 5weeks.The results showed as follows:1) compared with the CON group,the daily egg production ratio in the HEM group significantly decreased by 8.26%(P < 0.05) and feed to egg ratio significantly increased by16.06%(P<0.05) and the soft eggshell egg ratio significantly increased(P<0.05).The daily egg production ratio and feed to egg ratio in TP group had no significant difference compared with the CON group(P>0.05).2) Compared with the CON group,the eggshell thickness and eggshell color significantly decreased(P <0.05),lightness value significantly increased(P < 0.05),redness and yellowness values significantly decreased(P<0.05),the albumen height and Haugh unit were also decreased by 20.08% and 16.19%(P <0.05).The eggshell thickness and eggshell color were significantly lower than those in CON group(P<0.05),albumen height and Haugh unit were significantly higher than those in HEM group(P<0.05),but had no significant difference compared with the CON group(P>0.05).3) Compared with the CON group,the Fe,Zn and Se contents in egg in HEM group significantly decreased by 23.12%,28.66%,65.43%(P<0.05),and the Pb,Cd,V and Mo contents in egg significantly increased by 30.42%,21.58%,51.67% and 30.66%(P<0.05),respectively.The contents of microelement and heavy metal had the same trend with those in HEM group,but the contents of Cd,Pb,V,Mo in eggs were not decreased.4) Compared with the CON group,serum glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px) activity and glutathione(GSH) content in HEM group significantly decreased by 25.37% and 53.97%(P<0.05),and MDA content significantly increased by 100.00%(P<0.05).Compared with HEM group,GSH-Px activity and GSH content in TP group significantly increased(P<0.05).In conclusion,dietary heavy metal exposure lead to reduction in performance and egg quality,can increase the heavy metal retention in egg,and lower antioxidative status,while TP can alleviate the effects of heavy metal on performance and egg quality,which may attribute to its antioxidaitve function in laying hens.
The objective of this experiment was to study the effects of dietary exposure of Pb,Cd,V and Mo on the performance,egg quality,heavy metal retention and serum antioxidant status in laying hens and the alleviation effects of tea polyphenol(TP).A total of 300 Pink-eggshell Lohnman laying hens(65-wk-old) were randomly allotted into 3 groups(10 replicates/group,10 birds/replicate),including control(CON) group(basal diet),combined exposure to heavy metal(HEM) group(CON group+5 mg/kg Pb+0.5 mg/kg Cd+5 mg/kg V+10 mg/kg Mo) and TP group(HEM group + 1 000 mg/kg TP).This experiment lasted for 5weeks.The results showed as follows:1) compared with the CON group,the daily egg production ratio in the HEM group significantly decreased by 8.26%(P < 0.05) and feed to egg ratio significantly increased by16.06%(P<0.05) and the soft eggshell egg ratio significantly increased(P<0.05).The daily egg production ratio and feed to egg ratio in TP group had no significant difference compared with the CON group(P>0.05).2) Compared with the CON group,the eggshell thickness and eggshell color significantly decreased(P <0.05),lightness value significantly increased(P < 0.05),redness and yellowness values significantly decreased(P<0.05),the albumen height and Haugh unit were also decreased by 20.08% and 16.19%(P <0.05).The eggshell thickness and eggshell color were significantly lower than those in CON group(P<0.05),albumen height and Haugh unit were significantly higher than those in HEM group(P<0.05),but had no significant difference compared with the CON group(P>0.05).3) Compared with the CON group,the Fe,Zn and Se contents in egg in HEM group significantly decreased by 23.12%,28.66%,65.43%(P<0.05),and the Pb,Cd,V and Mo contents in egg significantly increased by 30.42%,21.58%,51.67% and 30.66%(P<0.05),respectively.The contents of microelement and heavy metal had the same trend with those in HEM group,but the contents of Cd,Pb,V,Mo in eggs were not decreased.4) Compared with the CON group,serum glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px) activity and glutathione(GSH) content in HEM group significantly decreased by 25.37% and 53.97%(P<0.05),and MDA content significantly increased by 100.00%(P<0.05).Compared with HEM group,GSH-Px activity and GSH content in TP group significantly increased(P<0.05).In conclusion,dietary heavy metal exposure lead to reduction in performance and egg quality,can increase the heavy metal retention in egg,and lower antioxidative status,while TP can alleviate the effects of heavy metal on performance and egg quality,which may attribute to its antioxidaitve function in laying hens.
引文
[1]CALDAS D,PESTANA I A,ALMEIDA MG,et al.Risk of ingesting As,Cd,and Pb in animal products in north Rio de Janeiro state,Brazil[J].Chemosphere,2016,164:508-515.
[2]原泽鸿,黄选洋,张克英,等.四川省蛋鸡配合饲料及鸡蛋重金属含量分布[J].动物营养学报,2015,27(11):3485-3494.
[3]柏雪,原泽鸿,王建萍,等.四川省常用能量饲料和蛋白质饲料中重金属分布研究[J].动物营养学报,2016,28(9):2847-2860.
[4]SATO S,MASASHI O,EMOTO T,et al.Restriction of cadmium transfer to eggs from laying hens exposed to cadmium[J].Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health,1997,51(1):15-22.
[5]SAHAN S,DENIZ G,KUTSAL O,et al.Chronic effects of cadmium on kidney,liver,testis,and fertility of male rats[J].Biological Trace Element Research,1991,31(3):209-214.
[6]JURCZUK M,MONIUSZKO-JAKONIUK J,BRZSKA MM.Involvement of some low-molecular thiols in the peroxidative mechanisms of lead and ethanol action on rat liver and kidney[J].Toxicology,2006,219(1/2/3):11-21.
[7]GURER H,ERCAL N.Can antioxidants be beneficial in the treatment of lead poisoning?[J].Free Radical Biology and Medicine,2000,29(10):927-945.
[8]TURNLUND J R,KEYES W R.Plasma molybdenum reflects dietary molybdenum intake[J].The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry,2004,15(2):90-95.
[9]李君.钼致小鼠亚急性肝脏毒性研究[D].硕士学位论文.沈阳:辽宁医学院.2015.
[10]YUAN Z H,ZHANG K Y,DING X M,et al.Effect of tea polyphenols on production performance,egg quality,and hepatic antioxidant status of laying hens in vanadium-containing diets[J].Poultry Science,2016,95(7):1709-1717.
[11]EYAL A,MORAN E,Jr.Egg changes associated with reduced interior quality because of dietary vanadium toxicity in the hen[J].Poultry Science,1984,63(7):1378-1385.
[12]HUANG Y L,SHEU J Y,LIN T H.Association between oxidative stress and changes of trace elements in patients with breast cancer[J].Clinical Biochemistry,1999,32(2):131-136.
[13]YANG C S,LAMBERT J D,SANG S M.Antioxidative and anti-carcinogenic activities of tea polyphenols[J].Archives of Toxicology,2009,83(1):11-21.
[14]WANG X C,WANG X H,WANG J,et al.Dietary tea polyphenol supplementation improved egg production performance,albumen quality,and magnum morphology of Hy-Line Brow n hens during the late laying period[J].Journal of Animal Science,2018,96(1):225-235.
[15]朱莎,张爱婷,代腊,等.饲料铅污染对蛋鸡生产性能、蛋品质以及抗氧化性能的影响[J].动物营养学报,2012,24(3):534-542
[16]OUSTERHOUT L E,BERG L R.Effects of diet composition on vanadium toxicity in laying hens[J].Poultry Science,1981,60(6):1152-1159.
[17]KUBENA L F,PHILLIPS T D.Toxicity of vanadium in female Leghorn chichens[J].Poultry Science,1983,62(1):47-50.
[18]STAESSEN J,AMERY A,BERNARD A,et al.Effects of exposure to cadmium on calcium metabolism:a population study[J].British Journal of Industrial Medicine,1991,48(10):710-714.
[19]KAZANTZIS G.Cadmium,osteoporosis and calcium metabolism[J].Biometals,2004,17(5):493-498.
[20]WANG J P,HE K R,DING X M,et al.Effect of feeding and withdrawal of vanadium and vitamin C on egg quality and vanadium residual over time in laying hens[J].Biological Trace Element Research,2017,177(2):367-375.
[21]TOUSSANT MJ,SWAYNE D E,LATSHAW J D.Morphologic characteristics of oviducts from hens producing eggs of different Haugh units caused by genetics and by feeding vanadium as determined with computer software-integrated digitizing technology[J].Poultry science,1995,74(10):1671-1676.
[22]ZHANG D,GAO J F,ZHANG K R,et al.Effects of chronic cadmium poisoning on Zn,Cu,Fe,Ca,and metallothionein in liver and kidney of rats[J].Biological Trace Element Research,2012,149(1):57-63.
[23]王倩倩,陈大伟.铅镉联合暴露对蛋鸡肝脏、肾脏中多种微量元素含量的影响[J].广西畜牧兽医,2017,33(1):20-23.
[24]LPEZ E,ARCE C,OSET-GASQUE MJ,et al.Cadmium induces reactive oxygen species generation and lipid peroxidation in cortical neurons in culture[J].Free Radical Biology and Medicine,2006,40(6):940-951.
[25]HAN X Y,XU Z R,WANG Y Z,et al.Effect of cadmium on lipid peroxidation and activities of antioxidant enzymes in growing pigs[J].Biological Trace Element Research,2006,110(3):251-264.
[26]孙涛,代腊,唐飞江,等.饲料中镉对产蛋鸡生产性能、抗氧化功能及其体内残留的影响[J].畜牧兽医学报,2012,43(2):232-241.
[27]YANG F,ZHANG C,ZHUANG Y,et al.Oxidative stress and cell apoptosis in caprine liver induced by molybdenum and cadmium in combination[J].Biological Trace Element Research,173(1):79-86.
[28]FREI B,HIGDON J V.Antioxidant activity of tea polyphenols in vivo:evidence from animal studies[J].The Journal of Nutrition,2003,133(10):3275S-3284S.
[2]原泽鸿,黄选洋,张克英,等.四川省蛋鸡配合饲料及鸡蛋重金属含量分布[J].动物营养学报,2015,27(11):3485-3494.
[3]柏雪,原泽鸿,王建萍,等.四川省常用能量饲料和蛋白质饲料中重金属分布研究[J].动物营养学报,2016,28(9):2847-2860.
[4]SATO S,MASASHI O,EMOTO T,et al.Restriction of cadmium transfer to eggs from laying hens exposed to cadmium[J].Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health,1997,51(1):15-22.
[5]SAHAN S,DENIZ G,KUTSAL O,et al.Chronic effects of cadmium on kidney,liver,testis,and fertility of male rats[J].Biological Trace Element Research,1991,31(3):209-214.
[6]JURCZUK M,MONIUSZKO-JAKONIUK J,BRZSKA MM.Involvement of some low-molecular thiols in the peroxidative mechanisms of lead and ethanol action on rat liver and kidney[J].Toxicology,2006,219(1/2/3):11-21.
[7]GURER H,ERCAL N.Can antioxidants be beneficial in the treatment of lead poisoning?[J].Free Radical Biology and Medicine,2000,29(10):927-945.
[8]TURNLUND J R,KEYES W R.Plasma molybdenum reflects dietary molybdenum intake[J].The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry,2004,15(2):90-95.
[9]李君.钼致小鼠亚急性肝脏毒性研究[D].硕士学位论文.沈阳:辽宁医学院.2015.
[10]YUAN Z H,ZHANG K Y,DING X M,et al.Effect of tea polyphenols on production performance,egg quality,and hepatic antioxidant status of laying hens in vanadium-containing diets[J].Poultry Science,2016,95(7):1709-1717.
[11]EYAL A,MORAN E,Jr.Egg changes associated with reduced interior quality because of dietary vanadium toxicity in the hen[J].Poultry Science,1984,63(7):1378-1385.
[12]HUANG Y L,SHEU J Y,LIN T H.Association between oxidative stress and changes of trace elements in patients with breast cancer[J].Clinical Biochemistry,1999,32(2):131-136.
[13]YANG C S,LAMBERT J D,SANG S M.Antioxidative and anti-carcinogenic activities of tea polyphenols[J].Archives of Toxicology,2009,83(1):11-21.
[14]WANG X C,WANG X H,WANG J,et al.Dietary tea polyphenol supplementation improved egg production performance,albumen quality,and magnum morphology of Hy-Line Brow n hens during the late laying period[J].Journal of Animal Science,2018,96(1):225-235.
[15]朱莎,张爱婷,代腊,等.饲料铅污染对蛋鸡生产性能、蛋品质以及抗氧化性能的影响[J].动物营养学报,2012,24(3):534-542
[16]OUSTERHOUT L E,BERG L R.Effects of diet composition on vanadium toxicity in laying hens[J].Poultry Science,1981,60(6):1152-1159.
[17]KUBENA L F,PHILLIPS T D.Toxicity of vanadium in female Leghorn chichens[J].Poultry Science,1983,62(1):47-50.
[18]STAESSEN J,AMERY A,BERNARD A,et al.Effects of exposure to cadmium on calcium metabolism:a population study[J].British Journal of Industrial Medicine,1991,48(10):710-714.
[19]KAZANTZIS G.Cadmium,osteoporosis and calcium metabolism[J].Biometals,2004,17(5):493-498.
[20]WANG J P,HE K R,DING X M,et al.Effect of feeding and withdrawal of vanadium and vitamin C on egg quality and vanadium residual over time in laying hens[J].Biological Trace Element Research,2017,177(2):367-375.
[21]TOUSSANT MJ,SWAYNE D E,LATSHAW J D.Morphologic characteristics of oviducts from hens producing eggs of different Haugh units caused by genetics and by feeding vanadium as determined with computer software-integrated digitizing technology[J].Poultry science,1995,74(10):1671-1676.
[22]ZHANG D,GAO J F,ZHANG K R,et al.Effects of chronic cadmium poisoning on Zn,Cu,Fe,Ca,and metallothionein in liver and kidney of rats[J].Biological Trace Element Research,2012,149(1):57-63.
[23]王倩倩,陈大伟.铅镉联合暴露对蛋鸡肝脏、肾脏中多种微量元素含量的影响[J].广西畜牧兽医,2017,33(1):20-23.
[24]LPEZ E,ARCE C,OSET-GASQUE MJ,et al.Cadmium induces reactive oxygen species generation and lipid peroxidation in cortical neurons in culture[J].Free Radical Biology and Medicine,2006,40(6):940-951.
[25]HAN X Y,XU Z R,WANG Y Z,et al.Effect of cadmium on lipid peroxidation and activities of antioxidant enzymes in growing pigs[J].Biological Trace Element Research,2006,110(3):251-264.
[26]孙涛,代腊,唐飞江,等.饲料中镉对产蛋鸡生产性能、抗氧化功能及其体内残留的影响[J].畜牧兽医学报,2012,43(2):232-241.
[27]YANG F,ZHANG C,ZHUANG Y,et al.Oxidative stress and cell apoptosis in caprine liver induced by molybdenum and cadmium in combination[J].Biological Trace Element Research,173(1):79-86.
[28]FREI B,HIGDON J V.Antioxidant activity of tea polyphenols in vivo:evidence from animal studies[J].The Journal of Nutrition,2003,133(10):3275S-3284S.