内蒙古二连盆地呼仁布其凹陷白垩系铀矿化特征与找矿远景
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摘要
二连盆地是我国煤炭、油气、铀矿等资源的重要勘查基地,其中砂岩型铀矿的找矿方向和找矿突破一直是盆地铀资源勘查的重点。呼仁布其凹陷为二连盆地北部巴音宝力格隆起上的一个次级凹陷,为一相对独立的地质构造单元,在古生代基底之上沉积了厚层的中新生代地层,其中下白垩统赛汉组沉积了一套扇三角洲-湖泊相的含煤碎屑岩建造,地层埋深浅、厚度稳定,发育泥-砂-泥结构,砂体较发育,岩石具有黑色和灰色原生地球化学特征,具备铀矿成矿基本条件。本文以煤田钻孔资料"二次开发"作为铀矿勘查新思路,对凹陷中部地区收集的煤田钻孔测井成果开展了综合研究,在下白垩统赛汉组中圈定出规模较大且连续的放射性异常,显示出较好的找矿前景。通过对呼仁布其凹陷大地构造条件、铀源、地层-岩相、岩性、古气候与地貌、古水文地质特征等的系统分析,择优重点选择煤田铀异常孔进行钻孔验证,发现了具有工业意义的铀矿孔,在赛汉组中发现了两个稳定的铀矿化层,第一层铀矿化受到潜水氧化带的控制,位于潜水氧化带界面底部的泥岩中,为垂向氧化型成矿类型;第二层铀矿化受到层间氧化作用的控制,为典型的侧向氧化层间氧化型成矿类型。指出煤田钻孔伽马异常高值区可作为下一步铀矿勘查工作的方向。
Erlian basin has rich coal, oil, natural gas and uranium resources, but the targeting and breakthrough of the prospecting forsandstone-type and sedimentary uranium deposits remain a focus in uranium resources exploration of this basin. Hurenbuqi depression is a subordinate depression on the Bayinbaolige uplift in the northern part of Erlian basin, which is a relatively independent geological tectonic unit. It deposited thick Mesozoic-Cenozoic strata above the Paleozoic basement. The Lower Cretaceous Saihan Formation deposited a set of fan delta-lacustrine coal-bearing clastic rocks. The burial depth of the strata is fairly shallow, the thickness is stable, the mud-sand-mud structure is developed, the sand body is especially well developed, and the rock has black and gray primary geochemical characteristics. Using the new idea of employing the data of coalfield drilling for second-round development of uranium resources, the authors conducted comprehensive research on the coalfield logging data collected from a certain area on the northwest margin of the basin and, as a result, delineated large-scale and continuous radioactive anomalies in the Lower Cretaceous Saihan Formation, showing a good prospecting prospect. Through a systematic study of tectonic conditions, stratigraphic facies, lithology, palaeoclimate, geomorphology, and palaeohydrology, the authors chose uranium anomaly holes in the coalfield to make drilling verification and found a uranium ore hole with the industrial significance. Two stable uranium mineralization layers were found in the Saihan Formation. The first layer is controlled by the phreatic oxidation zone, is located in the mudstone at the bottom of the interface of the phreatic oxidation zone, and belongs to the vertical oxidation type mineralization type. The second layer of uranium mineralization is a mudstone formation, and belongs to the typical interlayer oxidation type. The authors finally point out the direction of the next exploration work.
Erlian basin has rich coal, oil, natural gas and uranium resources, but the targeting and breakthrough of the prospecting forsandstone-type and sedimentary uranium deposits remain a focus in uranium resources exploration of this basin. Hurenbuqi depression is a subordinate depression on the Bayinbaolige uplift in the northern part of Erlian basin, which is a relatively independent geological tectonic unit. It deposited thick Mesozoic-Cenozoic strata above the Paleozoic basement. The Lower Cretaceous Saihan Formation deposited a set of fan delta-lacustrine coal-bearing clastic rocks. The burial depth of the strata is fairly shallow, the thickness is stable, the mud-sand-mud structure is developed, the sand body is especially well developed, and the rock has black and gray primary geochemical characteristics. Using the new idea of employing the data of coalfield drilling for second-round development of uranium resources, the authors conducted comprehensive research on the coalfield logging data collected from a certain area on the northwest margin of the basin and, as a result, delineated large-scale and continuous radioactive anomalies in the Lower Cretaceous Saihan Formation, showing a good prospecting prospect. Through a systematic study of tectonic conditions, stratigraphic facies, lithology, palaeoclimate, geomorphology, and palaeohydrology, the authors chose uranium anomaly holes in the coalfield to make drilling verification and found a uranium ore hole with the industrial significance. Two stable uranium mineralization layers were found in the Saihan Formation. The first layer is controlled by the phreatic oxidation zone, is located in the mudstone at the bottom of the interface of the phreatic oxidation zone, and belongs to the vertical oxidation type mineralization type. The second layer of uranium mineralization is a mudstone formation, and belongs to the typical interlayer oxidation type. The authors finally point out the direction of the next exploration work.
引文
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Jiao Yangquan,Wu Liqun,Peng Yunbiao,Rong Hui,Ji Dongmin,Miao Aisheng,Li Hongliang.2015.Sedimentary-tectonic setting of the deposition-type uranium deposits forming in the PaleoAsian tectonic domain,North China[J].Earth Science Frontiers,22(1):189-205(in Chinese with English abstract).
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Nie Fengjun,Li Mangen,Yan Zhaobing,Zhang Chengyong,Jiang Meizhu,Yang Jianxin,Kuang Wenzhan,Kang Shihu,Shen Kefeng.2015.Multiple type uranium deposit assemblage and uranium exploration in Erlian rift Basin,Inner Mongolia[J].Mineral Deposits,34(4):711-729(in Chinese with English abstract).
Nie Fengjun,Li Mangen,Yan Zhaobing,Yang Jianxin,Kang Shihu,Shen Kefeng.2015.Segmentation of the target layer Saihan Forma-tion and sandstone-type uranium mineralization in Erlian Basin[J].Geological Bulletin of China,34(10):1952-1963(in Chinese with English abstract).
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Ren Jianye,Tamaki K,Li Sitian.Late Mesozoic and Cenozoic rifting and its dynamic setting in Eastern China and adjacent areas[J].Tectonophysics,2002,344:175-205.
Wei Sanyuan,Qing Mingkuan,Li Yuexiang,He Zhongbo,Chen Anping Shen Kefeng,Cao Jianying.2006.Tectono-sedimentary evolution of Erlian basin since Late Mesozoic and sandstonehosted uranium metallogenesis[J].Uranium Geology,22(2):76-82(in Chinese with English abstract).
Wu Zhaojian,Han Xiaozhong.2016.A new uranium exploring technical system for secondary development of coalfield data and its prospecting significance:A case study of the ZS coalfield,Erlian basin[J].Geology in China,43(2):617-627(in Chinese with English abstract).
Yu Haifei.2010.Mesozoic and Cenozoic Sedimentary Tectonic Evolution of Erlian Basin and sandstone-type uranium mineralization prospect[J].Journal of henan polytechnic university(natural science),2010(1):6-10(in Chinese with no English abstract).
Zhang Jindai,Xu Gaozhong,Lin Jinrong,Peng Yunbiao,Wang Guo.2010.The implication of six kinds of new sandstone-type uranium deposits to uranium resources potential in North China[J].Geology in China,37(5):1434-1449(in Chinese with English abstract).
Zhao Xianzheng,Jin Fengming,Qi Jiafu,Wang Quan,Yang Minghui,Shi Yuanpeng,Dong Xiongying.2015.The structural types and petroleum geo-Logical meaning of Early Cretaceous complex faulted sag In Erlian Basin[J].The Natural Gas Geo-Science,26(7):1289-1298(in Chinese with English abstract).
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Jiao Yangquan,Wu Liqun,Peng Yunbiao,Rong Hui,Ji Dongmin,Miao Aisheng,Li Hongliang.2015.Sedimentary-tectonic setting of the deposition-type uranium deposits forming in the PaleoAsian tectonic domain,North China[J].Earth Science Frontiers,22(1):189-205(in Chinese with English abstract).
Jiao Guihao.2003.Tectonic evolution of Erlian rift and Oil and gas[M].Petroleum Industry Press.
Jin Ruoshi,Qin Zhi’an.2013.Study on the exploration sequence of sandstone-hosted uranium deposits in North China[J].Geological Survey and Research,36(2):82-83(in Chinese with English abstract).
Jin Ruoshi,Huang Pengtao,Miao Peisen,Feng Xiaoxi,Tang Chao,Li Guangyao.2014.Metallogenic conditions and prospecting targeting of the Jurassic sand type uranium deposits on the eastern margin of Junggar basin[J].Geological Bulletin of China,33(2/3):359-369(in Chinesewith English abstract).
Jin Ruoshi,Zhang Chengjiang,Feng Xiaoxi,Zhu Qiang,Li Guangyao.2014b.The influence of fluid mixing on the mineralization of sandstone type uranium deposits[J].Geological Bulletin of China,33(2/3):354-358(in Chinese with English abstract).
Kuang Wenzhan,Cai Tong,Yan Zhaobing.2014.Characteristic in cretaceous and types of uranium mineralization in Ulancabu depression,Erlian basin,Inner Mongolia[J].Journal of East China Institute of Technology(Natural Science),37(2):111-121(in Chinese with English abstract).
Li Guoxin,Xun Zexuan,Yao Yifeng,Huang Dayou.2003.Analysis on metallogenic conditions and prospect of sandstone-type uranium deposits in Meso-Cenozoic basin,Bayinbaolige uplifted zone[J].Uranium Geology,19(3):148-153(in Chinese with English abstract).
Li Hongjun,Shen Kefeng,Nie Fengjun,Kuang Wenzhan,He Datu.2012.Sedimentary evolution in meso-cenozoic and uranium mineralization of erlian basin[J].Journal of East China Institute of Technology(Natural Science),35(4):301-308(in Chinese with English abstract).
Li Xianping,Zhang Shaohua,Li Linbo,Yang Minghui,Lu Yonghe,Zhou Duo,Qu Xiaoyan.2015.Coupling of faulted sags to basement in Early Cretaceous Erlian Basin[J].Chinese Journal of Geology,50(1):88-99(in Chinese with English abstract).
Lu Chao,Peng Yunbiao,Liu Xinyang,Jiao Yangquan,Yang Jianxin,Chen Fazheng,Shen Kefeng Li Ronglin.2013.Sedimentary backgrounds of sandstone-type uranium deposits in western Manite depression of Erlian basin[J].Uranium Geology,29(6):336-343(in Chinese with English abstract).
Meng Qingren.What drove late Mesozoic extension of the northern China-Mongolia tract?[J].Tectonophysics,2003,369(3-4):155-174.
Nie Fengjun.2010.Sandstone-type uranium deposits in the ancient channel of Erlian Basin[M].Geological Publishing House.
Nie Fengjun,Li Mangen,Yan Zhaobing,Zhang Chengyong,Jiang Meizhu,Yang Jianxin,Kuang Wenzhan,Kang Shihu,Shen Kefeng.2015.Multiple type uranium deposit assemblage and uranium exploration in Erlian rift Basin,Inner Mongolia[J].Mineral Deposits,34(4):711-729(in Chinese with English abstract).
Nie Fengjun,Li Mangen,Yan Zhaobing,Yang Jianxin,Kang Shihu,Shen Kefeng.2015.Segmentation of the target layer Saihan Forma-tion and sandstone-type uranium mineralization in Erlian Basin[J].Geological Bulletin of China,34(10):1952-1963(in Chinese with English abstract).
Quan Jianping,Pan Tailiang,Xu Gaozhong,Li Weihong,Chen Hongbin.2007.Effects of hydrocarbon migration on sandstonetype uranium mineralization in basins of northern China[J].Geology in China,34(3):470-477(in Chinese with English abstract).
Ren Jianye,Tamaki K,Li Sitian.Late Mesozoic and Cenozoic rifting and its dynamic setting in Eastern China and adjacent areas[J].Tectonophysics,2002,344:175-205.
Wei Sanyuan,Qing Mingkuan,Li Yuexiang,He Zhongbo,Chen Anping Shen Kefeng,Cao Jianying.2006.Tectono-sedimentary evolution of Erlian basin since Late Mesozoic and sandstonehosted uranium metallogenesis[J].Uranium Geology,22(2):76-82(in Chinese with English abstract).
Wu Zhaojian,Han Xiaozhong.2016.A new uranium exploring technical system for secondary development of coalfield data and its prospecting significance:A case study of the ZS coalfield,Erlian basin[J].Geology in China,43(2):617-627(in Chinese with English abstract).
Yu Haifei.2010.Mesozoic and Cenozoic Sedimentary Tectonic Evolution of Erlian Basin and sandstone-type uranium mineralization prospect[J].Journal of henan polytechnic university(natural science),2010(1):6-10(in Chinese with no English abstract).
Zhang Jindai,Xu Gaozhong,Lin Jinrong,Peng Yunbiao,Wang Guo.2010.The implication of six kinds of new sandstone-type uranium deposits to uranium resources potential in North China[J].Geology in China,37(5):1434-1449(in Chinese with English abstract).
Zhao Xianzheng,Jin Fengming,Qi Jiafu,Wang Quan,Yang Minghui,Shi Yuanpeng,Dong Xiongying.2015.The structural types and petroleum geo-Logical meaning of Early Cretaceous complex faulted sag In Erlian Basin[J].The Natural Gas Geo-Science,26(7):1289-1298(in Chinese with English abstract).
陈功,邓金贵,张克芳,徐刚,罗长本,牟长林,徐德津.1997二连盆地及邻区铀成矿地质条件及成矿远景评价[J].中国核科技报告,(00):970-981.
崔永谦,刘喜恒,孙朝辉,姚欢,韩春元.2011.内蒙古二连盆地深层地球物理特征和上古生界的地质结构[J].地质通报,30(2):235-242.
郭宏伟.内蒙古巴彦乌拉铀矿床成矿特征及成矿规律研究[D].中国地质大学(北京),2014.
焦贵浩.二连裂谷构造演化与油气[M].石油工业出版社,2003.
焦养泉,吴立群,彭云彪,荣辉,季东民,苗爱生,里宏亮.2015.中国北方古亚洲构造域中沉积型铀矿形成发育的沉积-构造背景综合分析[J].地学前缘,22(1):189-205.
金若时,黄澎涛,苗培森,冯晓曦,汤超,李光耀.2014.准噶尔盆地东缘侏罗系砂岩型铀矿成矿条件与找矿方向[J].地质通报,33(z1):359-369.
金若时,覃志安.2013.中国北方含煤盆地砂岩型铀矿找矿模式层序研究[J].地质调查与研究,(2):81-84.
金若时,张成江,冯晓曦,汤超,朱强,李光耀.2014.流体混合对砂岩型铀矿成矿作用的影响[J].地质通报,33(2):354-358.
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