鄂尔多斯盆地镇原地区长8~1砂层组双坡折带的发现及其研究意义
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摘要
通过岩心观察和测井岩性解释,对镇原地区长8油层组岩石组合特征、沉积构造、沉积相及层序地层特征进行了详细研究,确定镇原地区长8~1砂层组主要发育一套具双坡折带的浅水辫状河三角洲沉积,湖岸线在坡折带之上数十千米范围内频繁迁移。坡折带主要根据测井资料和沉积构造特征进行识别。镇原地区长8~1砂层组坡折带主要受基底断裂控制,其成因与盆地西、南缘强烈的火山喷发和构造活动有关。长8~1沉积期研究区可划分为第一坡折带之上的台型平原(前缘)、双坡折带之间的中部斜坡和第二坡折带之下的下部斜坡3个地貌单元,这一古地貌特征控制了湖侵期和湖退期砂体在不同相带的分配模式。靠近物源一侧的台型平原(前缘),湖侵期砂体较为发育,而在湖退期则以泥、粉砂岩为主;离物源较远的中部斜坡相带,湖侵期砂体较薄,而湖退期发育较厚并且优先堆积于第一坡折带附近;远离物源的下部斜坡相带,任何时期内砂体都很少发育;枯水期,湖岸线迁移至第一坡折带附近,坡折带附近的砂体,可能因波浪和沿岸流的搬运和改造而具有"沿岸砂坝"的特征。
Through the detailed core observation and lithologic interpretation of logging data,rock association characteristics,sedimentary architectures,sedimentary facies and sequence stratigraphy of Chang 8 reservoir in Zhenyuan area were studied. The results show that a shallow braided-river delta sediments with two slope breaks was developed during the deposition Chang 8~1,and the paleo-shoreline moved frequently within tens of kilometers above the slope breaks. These slope breaks were mainly identified by logging and sedimentary architecture features. Slope breaks of Chang 8~1 sand group in Zhenyuan area were mainly controlled by basement faults affected by violent volcanic and tectonic activity in the sou thern and western Ordos Basin. During deposition of Chang 8~1,the study area can be divided into three geomorphology units,including platform-like plain(front) above the upper slope break,central-slope between the two slope breaks and lower-slope below the lower slope break. The distribution of sand body in transgression and regression stages was controlled by the ancient geomorphological features. The platform-like plain which was close to the provenance received moresandstone during transgression stage,and mudstone and siltstone deposited during regression stage. The central-slope that was farther from the provenance developed thicker sand bodies during lake transgression stage,while sands preferentially accumulated around the first slope during the lake regression stage. The lower-slope that was far away from the provenance developed small amount of sand bodies in anytime. The shoreline moved to the first slope in low water stand,and sand bodies around the slope break may feature "coastal sand bar"because of the transportation and transformation of waves and coastal current.
Through the detailed core observation and lithologic interpretation of logging data,rock association characteristics,sedimentary architectures,sedimentary facies and sequence stratigraphy of Chang 8 reservoir in Zhenyuan area were studied. The results show that a shallow braided-river delta sediments with two slope breaks was developed during the deposition Chang 8~1,and the paleo-shoreline moved frequently within tens of kilometers above the slope breaks. These slope breaks were mainly identified by logging and sedimentary architecture features. Slope breaks of Chang 8~1 sand group in Zhenyuan area were mainly controlled by basement faults affected by violent volcanic and tectonic activity in the sou thern and western Ordos Basin. During deposition of Chang 8~1,the study area can be divided into three geomorphology units,including platform-like plain(front) above the upper slope break,central-slope between the two slope breaks and lower-slope below the lower slope break. The distribution of sand body in transgression and regression stages was controlled by the ancient geomorphological features. The platform-like plain which was close to the provenance received moresandstone during transgression stage,and mudstone and siltstone deposited during regression stage. The central-slope that was farther from the provenance developed thicker sand bodies during lake transgression stage,while sands preferentially accumulated around the first slope during the lake regression stage. The lower-slope that was far away from the provenance developed small amount of sand bodies in anytime. The shoreline moved to the first slope in low water stand,and sand bodies around the slope break may feature "coastal sand bar"because of the transportation and transformation of waves and coastal current.
引文
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[3]林畅松,潘元林,肖建新.“构造坡折带”——断陷盆地层序分析和油气预测的重要概念[J].地球科学,2000,25(3):260-265.Lin Changsong,Pan Yuanlin,Xiao Jianxin.Structural slope break zone:key concept for stratigraphic sequence analysis and petroleum forecasting in fault subsidence basins[J].Earth Science,2000,25(3):260-265.
[4]王英民,刘豪,李立诚,等.准噶尔大型坳陷盆地坡折带的类型和分布特征[J].地球科学,2002,27(6):683-687.Wang Yingmin,Liu Hao,Li Licheng,et al.Types and distribution characteristics of slope breaks of large-type down-warped lake basins[J].Earth Science,2002,27(6):683-687.
[5]王英民,金武弟,刘书会,等.断陷湖盆多级坡折带的成因类型、展布及其勘探意义[J].石油与天然气地质,2003,24(3):199-203.Wang Yingmin,Jin Wudi,Liu Shuhui,et al.Genetic types,distribution and exploration significance of multistage slope breaks in rift lacustrine basin[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2003,24(3):199-203.
[6]张善文,王英民,李群.应用坡折带理论寻找隐蔽油气藏[J].石油勘探与开发,2003,30(3):5-7.Zhang Shanwen,Wang Yingmin,Li Qun.Searching subtle traps using the theory of slope break[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2003,30(3):5-7.
[7]杨明慧,刘池洋,曾鹏,等.华北克拉通晚三叠世沉积盆地原型与破坏早期构造变形格局[J].地质论评,2012,58(1):1-18.Yang Minghui,Liu Chiyang,Zeng Peng,et al.Prototypes of late Triassic sedimentary basins of north China Craton(NCC)and deformation pattern of its early destruction[J].Geological Review,2012,58(1):1-18.
[8]李树同,王多云,王彬,等.坳陷型湖盆缓坡边缘沉积坡折带的识别——以鄂尔多斯盆地三叠纪延长期沉积坡折带为例[J].天然气地球科学,2008,19(1):83-88.Li Shutong,Wang Duoyun,Wang Bin,et al.Identification of sedimentary slope breaks in the margin of a down warped lake basin’s ramp belt:a case from triassic Yanchang reservoir,Ordos Basin[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2008,19(1):83-88.
[9]傅强,李益.鄂尔多斯盆地晚三叠世延长组长6期湖盆坡折带特征及其地质意义[J].沉积学报,2010,28(2):294-298.Fu Qiang,Li Yi.Characteristics of slope breaks and its imp licationon petroleum geology in Yanchangreservoir Chang6(Late-Triassic)of Ordos Basin[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2010,28(2):294-298.
[10]窦伟坦,刘新社,罗静兰,等.鄂尔多斯盆地姬塬地区上三叠统坡折带、斜坡类型与油藏的关系[J].沉积学报,2010,28(6):1129-1134.Dou Weitan,Liu Xinshe,Luo Jinglan,et al.Relationship of slopebreak,slope type with hydrocarbon pool forming of the upper triassic from Jiyuan area,the northwestern Ordos Basin[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2010,28(6):1129-1134.
[11]胡海涛,张忠义,喻建,等.鄂尔多斯盆地延长组坡折带演化及其对砂体的控制作用——以延长组长6油层为例[J].沉积与特提斯地质,2011,31(2):43-48.Hu Haitao,Zhang Zhongyi,Yu Jian,et al.Evolution and controls of the slope breaks on the Yanchang reservoir sandstones in the Ordos Basin:an example from the Chang-6 oil measures of the Yanchang reservoir[J].Sedimentary Geology and Tethyan Geology,2011,31(2):43-48.
[12]段悦,侯长冰,郑荣才,等.镇原地区长8油层组层序-岩相古地理特征及砂体展布规律[J].岩性油气藏,2014,26(1):36-44.Duan Yue,Hou Changbing,Zheng Rongcai,et al.Sequence-based lithofacies paleogeography and sand body distributionof Chang 8 oil reservoir set in Zhenyuan area,Ordos Basin[J].Lithologic Reservoirs,2014,26(1):36-4.
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[15]王昌勇,郑荣才,田永强,等.陇东地区长9油层组浅水三角洲沉积特征及成藏条件研究[J].石油天然气学报,2011,33(8):11-15.Wang Changyong,Zheng Rongcai,Tian Yongqiang,et al.A study of the sedimentary characteristics of shallow-water delta and the reservoir forming condition in Chang 9 reservoir,Longdong area[J].Journal of Oil and Gas Technology,2011,33(8):11-15.
[16]王昌勇,郑荣才,韩永林,等.鄂尔多斯盆地姬塬地区上三叠统延长组第六段高分辨率层序—岩相古地理[J].地层学杂志,2009,33(3):326-332.Wang Changyong,Zheng Rongcai,Han Yonglin,et al.Paleogeography of the interval 6 of the upper triassic Yanchangreservoir in the Jiyuan region,Ordos Basin[J].Journal of Stratigraphy,2009,33(3):326-332.
[17]柴永波,达丽亚,杨海风,等.辽西南洼东营组层序地层格架下的沉积相特征及演化[J].山东科技大学学报(自然科学版),2015,34(4):37-42.Chai Yongbo,Da Liya,Yang Haifeng,et al.Sedimentary facies and evolution of dongying sequence stratigraphic framework in southern liaoxi sag[J].Journal of Shandong University of Science and Technology(Natural Science),2015,34(4):37-42.
[18]董月霞,王建伟,刁帆,等.陆相断陷湖盆层序构成样式及砂体预测模式—以南堡凹陷东营组为例[J].石油与天然气地质,2015,36(1):96-102.Dong Yuexia,Zhao Zhongxin,Wang Jianwei,et al.Sequence stratigraphic patterns and sand body prediction models of fault-depressed lacustrine basins:A case study from the Dongying Reservoir in the Nanpu Sag,Bohai Bay Basin[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2015,36(1):96-102.
[19]齐亚林,邓秀芹,楚美娟,等.鄂尔多斯盆地晚三叠世长8期沉积环境分析[J].地质科技情报,2014,33(4):170-176.Qi Yalin,Deng Xiuqing,Chu Meijuan,et al.Analysis of depositional environment of Chang 8 of Upper Triassic,Ordos Basin[J].Geological Science and Technology Information,2014,33(4):170-176.
[20]楚美娟,郭正权,自嫦娥.鄂尔多斯盆地延长组长8油层组沉积及其演化特征[J].石油天然气学报,2012,34(2):13-18.Chu Meijuan,Guo Zhengquan,Bai Change.Sedimentation and evolution features in Chang 8 reservoir of Yanchang Formation in Ordos Basin[J].Journal of Oil and Gas Technology,2012,34(2);13-18.
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