块菌中多种重金属及不同形态砷、汞含量分析
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摘要
目的测定块菌中4种重金属(砷、铅、汞、镉)及无机砷、有机汞含量并进行分析评价。方法采用电感耦合等离子体质谱法(inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, ICP-MS)检测块菌种总砷、总汞、铅、镉含量,采用液相-原子荧光光谱联用法(liquid chromatography-atomic fluorescence spectrometry, LC-AFS)检测块菌中无机砷、有机汞含量。结果块菌中无机砷和有机汞含量极低,但铅、镉含量较高。铅的含量为0.8282 mg/kg,镉的含量为0.4040 mg/kg。结论块菌作为一种完全生长在地下的大型真菌,具有较高的重金属吸附富集能力,应加强对此类野生菌的重金属污染物监测。
Objective To determine and evaluatethe contents of 4 heavy metals(arsenic, lead, mercury, cadmium), inorganic arsenic and organic mercury in truffles. Methods Arsenic, lead, mercuryand cadmium were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(ICP-MS), and inorganic arsenic and organic mercury were determined by liquid chromatography-atomic fluorescence spectrometry(LC-AFS). Results The contents of inorganic arsenic and organic mercury in truffles were extremely low, but the contents of lead and cadmium were high. The lead content was 0.8282 mg/kg and the cadmium content was 0.4040 mg/kg. Conclusion As a large fungus that grows completely underground, truffles have a high ability to absorb and concentrate heavy metals. The monitoring of heavy metal pollutants in such wild bacteria should be strengthened.
Objective To determine and evaluatethe contents of 4 heavy metals(arsenic, lead, mercury, cadmium), inorganic arsenic and organic mercury in truffles. Methods Arsenic, lead, mercuryand cadmium were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(ICP-MS), and inorganic arsenic and organic mercury were determined by liquid chromatography-atomic fluorescence spectrometry(LC-AFS). Results The contents of inorganic arsenic and organic mercury in truffles were extremely low, but the contents of lead and cadmium were high. The lead content was 0.8282 mg/kg and the cadmium content was 0.4040 mg/kg. Conclusion As a large fungus that grows completely underground, truffles have a high ability to absorb and concentrate heavy metals. The monitoring of heavy metal pollutants in such wild bacteria should be strengthened.
引文
[1]鲁永新,田侯明,杨海抒,等.云南省野生食用菌气候生境特征与评价[J].中国生态农业学报,2015,23(6):748-757.Lu YX,Tian HM,Yang HY,et al.Characteristics of climate habitats of edible wild fungi in Yunnan Province[J].Chin J Eco-Agric,2015,23(6):748-757.
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[11]Kirchner G,Daillant O.Accumulation of 210Pb,226Ra and radioactive cesium by fungi[J].Sci Total Environ,1998,222(1-2):63.
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[13]赵晓慧,徐丹先,栾杰,等.昭通彝良小草坝新鲜天麻营养成分分析评价[J].食品安全质量检测学报,2017,8(10):3727-3731.Zhao XH,Xu DX,Luan J,et al.Evaluation and analysis of nutritional components of fresh Gastrodiaelata in Xiaocaoba,Zhaotong[J].J Food Saf Qual,2017,8(10):3727-3731.
[14]黎施展.电感耦合等离子体质谱法检测蔬菜中的5种有害金属元素[J].食品研究与开发,2017,38(10):150-153.Li SZ.Determination of five harmful elements in vegetable by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry[J].Food Res Dev,2017,38(10):150-153.
[15]顾微,杨惠芬.氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法(HG-AFS)测定食品中不同价态的无机砷[J].卫生研究,1999,28(6):372-374.Gu W,Yang HF.Determination of inorganic arsenic in food by hydrid generation-atomic fluorescence spectrometry(HG-AFS)[J].J Hyg Res,1999,28(6):372-374.
[16]曾云想,梁婷婷,汤明河,等.液相色谱-原子荧光光谱法测定水产品中汞形态的含量[J].理化检验(化学分册),2017,53(10):1226-1228.Zeng YX,Liang TT,Tang MH,et al.Determination of mercury in aquatic products by liquid chromatography-atomic fluorescence spectrometry[J].Phys Test Chem Anal B,2017,53(10):1226-1228.
[17]杨大进,李宁.2014年国家食品污染和有害因素风险监测工作手册[M].北京:中国质检出版社,2014.Yang DJ,Li N.National manual on risk monitoring of food contamination and harmful factors[M].Beijing:China Quality Inspection Press,2014.
[18]GB 2762-20172食品安全国家标准食品中污染物限量[S].GB 2762-2017 National Food safety standard-Limit of contaminants in food[S].
[2]张慧,陈蕊,陈霞,等.浅析中国野生菌产业发展现状及趋势[J].经济师,2014,(8):71-72.Zhang H,Chen R,Chen X,et al.A brief analysis of the development status and trend of wild fungus industry in China[J].China Econ,2014,(8):71-72.
[3]陈娟,邓晓娟,陈吉岳,等.中国块菌属多样性[J].菌物研究,2011,9(4):244-254.Chen J,Deng XJ,Chen JY,et al.A checklist of the genus tuber(Pezizales,Ascomycota)in China[J].J Fungi Res,2011,9(4):244-254.
[4]Bo L.New species and new records of Hypogeous fungi from China(Ⅰ)[J].Mycosystema,1985,4(2):84-89.
[5]陈应龙,弓明钦.块菌资源多样性及其地理分布[J].中国食用菌,2000,19(6):6-7.Chen YL,Gong MQ.Truffles(Tuber spp.):Biodiversity and geological distribution[J].Edib Fung China,2000,19(6):6-7.
[6]刘培贵,王云,王向华,等.中国块菌要览及其保护策略[J].菌物研究,2011,9(4):232-243.Liu PG,Wang Y,Wang XH,et al.Outline of Chinese truffles and their conservational strategies[J].J Fung Res,2011,9(4):232-243.
[7]刘培贵,王云,王向华,等.中国西南块菌(松露)多样性及其保护生物学研究[J].中国科技成果,2015,(1):37-41.Liu PG,Wang Y,Wang XY,et al.Study on the diversity and conservation biology of truffle(truffle)in southwest China[J].China Sci Technol Achiev,2015,(1):37-41.
[8]黄晨阳,张金霞.食用菌重金属富集研究进展[J].中国食用菌,2004,23(4):7-9.Huang CY,Zhang JX.Studies on heavy metal accumulation in edible mushroom[J].Edib Fungi China,2004,23(4):7-9.
[9]Zhu F,Qu L,Fan W,et al.Assessment of heavy metals in some wild edible mushrooms collected from Yunnan Province,China[J].Environ Monitor Assess,2011,179(4):191-199.
[10]Liu B,Huang Q,Cai H,et al.Study of heavy metal concentrations in wild edible mushrooms in Yunnan Province,China[J].Food Chem,2015,(188):294-300.
[11]Kirchner G,Daillant O.Accumulation of 210Pb,226Ra and radioactive cesium by fungi[J].Sci Total Environ,1998,222(1-2):63.
[12]Michelot D,Siobud E,Dore?JC,et al.Update on metal content profiles in mushrooms--toxicological implications and tentative approach to the mechanisms of bioaccumulation[J].Toxicon,1998,36(12):1997-2012.
[13]赵晓慧,徐丹先,栾杰,等.昭通彝良小草坝新鲜天麻营养成分分析评价[J].食品安全质量检测学报,2017,8(10):3727-3731.Zhao XH,Xu DX,Luan J,et al.Evaluation and analysis of nutritional components of fresh Gastrodiaelata in Xiaocaoba,Zhaotong[J].J Food Saf Qual,2017,8(10):3727-3731.
[14]黎施展.电感耦合等离子体质谱法检测蔬菜中的5种有害金属元素[J].食品研究与开发,2017,38(10):150-153.Li SZ.Determination of five harmful elements in vegetable by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry[J].Food Res Dev,2017,38(10):150-153.
[15]顾微,杨惠芬.氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法(HG-AFS)测定食品中不同价态的无机砷[J].卫生研究,1999,28(6):372-374.Gu W,Yang HF.Determination of inorganic arsenic in food by hydrid generation-atomic fluorescence spectrometry(HG-AFS)[J].J Hyg Res,1999,28(6):372-374.
[16]曾云想,梁婷婷,汤明河,等.液相色谱-原子荧光光谱法测定水产品中汞形态的含量[J].理化检验(化学分册),2017,53(10):1226-1228.Zeng YX,Liang TT,Tang MH,et al.Determination of mercury in aquatic products by liquid chromatography-atomic fluorescence spectrometry[J].Phys Test Chem Anal B,2017,53(10):1226-1228.
[17]杨大进,李宁.2014年国家食品污染和有害因素风险监测工作手册[M].北京:中国质检出版社,2014.Yang DJ,Li N.National manual on risk monitoring of food contamination and harmful factors[M].Beijing:China Quality Inspection Press,2014.
[18]GB 2762-20172食品安全国家标准食品中污染物限量[S].GB 2762-2017 National Food safety standard-Limit of contaminants in food[S].