基于量子特性的多重代理盲签名方案
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摘要
文章利用量子特性提出了一种量子多重代理盲签名方案。方案中消息的拥有者参照消息与单量子态的对应关系将签名消息转化为量子序列,同时根据密钥对其做酉变换将消息盲化,然后将消息序列发送给原始签名者。原始签名者利用密钥完成签名授权,将签名权给代理签名者;代理签名者利用对单量子的酉变换完成自己的签名。验证者通过对最终签名的测量对比完成签名验证。方案不需要使用多粒子纠缠量子态,签名时只需要对单量子态做酉变换,验证签名时只需要对单量子态进行测量,过程简单高效,签名的信息也不会随着签名者的增加而变长,代理签名者的删除和加入容易操作。分析表明所提出的方案是一个可实现的、高安全的量子多重代理盲签名方案。
Based on quantum properties,a multi-proxy blind signature scheme was proposed.In the scheme,the owner of the message transform message into single quantum state according to corresponding relation between the single quantum state and the message.Then he completes blind message by unitary operation according to the secret key.Proxy signers use unitary transformation of single quantum to complete signature and verification.The scheme does not need to use multi particle entangled quantum states and Verifier Only need to measure single quantum state when verifying the signature.The process is simple and efficient process,at the same time,the information of the signature does not become large with the increase of the signer.The deleting and adding of the proxy signer is easy to operate.The security analysis of the scheme shows that it is a secure and achievable quantum multiproxy blind signature scheme.
Based on quantum properties,a multi-proxy blind signature scheme was proposed.In the scheme,the owner of the message transform message into single quantum state according to corresponding relation between the single quantum state and the message.Then he completes blind message by unitary operation according to the secret key.Proxy signers use unitary transformation of single quantum to complete signature and verification.The scheme does not need to use multi particle entangled quantum states and Verifier Only need to measure single quantum state when verifying the signature.The process is simple and efficient process,at the same time,the information of the signature does not become large with the increase of the signer.The deleting and adding of the proxy signer is easy to operate.The security analysis of the scheme shows that it is a secure and achievable quantum multiproxy blind signature scheme.
引文
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[2]MAMBO M,USUDA K,OKAMOTO E.Proxy Signatures:Delegation of the Power to Sign Messages[J].Leice Trans Fundamentals,1996,79(9):1338-1354.
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[4]GOTTESMAN D,CHUANG I.Quantum Digital Signatures[EB/OL].arxiv.org/abs/quant-ph/0105032,2001-5-8/2018-1-5.
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[6]WANG H,SHI R H,ZHONG H,et al.Research on a Proxy Blind Signature Scheme Based on Quantum Super Dense Coding[J].Netinfo Security,2016,16(11):28-32.王辉,石润华,仲红,等.一种基于量子超密编码的代理盲签名方案的研究[J].信息网络安全,2016,16(11):28-32.
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[9]ZOU X F,QIU D W.Attack and Improvements of Fair Quantum Blind Signature Schemes[J].Quantum Information Processing,2013,12(6):2071-2085.
[10]CHEN L,Gu C X,SHANG M J.Efficient Blind Signature Scheme Against Quantum Attacks[J].Netinfo Security,2017,17(10):36-41.陈莉,顾纯祥,尚明君.抗量子攻击的高效盲签名方案[J].信息网络安全,2017,17(10):36-41.
[11]LI W,FAN M Y,WANG G W.An Arbitration Based Quantum Signature Scheme Based on Entanglement Swapping[J].Journal of physics,2011,60(8):18-24.李伟,范明钰,王光卫.基于纠缠交换的仲裁量子签名方案[J].物理学报,2011,60(8):18-24.
[12]WANG J,ZHANG Q,TANG C J.Efficient Quantum Signature Protocol for Classical Messages[J].Journal of Communication,2007,28(1):64-68.王剑,张权,唐朝京.针对经典消息的高效量子签名协议[J].通信学报,2007,28(1):64-68.
[13]LEE H,HONG C,KIM H,et al.Arbitrated Quantum Signature Scheme with Message Recovery[J].Physics Letters A,2004,321(5-6):295-300.
[14]WEN X J,LIU Y,ZHANG P Y.Information Signature Protocol Based on EPR Particle Pairs[J].Journal of Dalian University of Technology,2007,47(3):424-428.温晓军,刘云,张鹏云.基于EPR粒子对的信息签名协议[J].大连理工大学学报,2007,47(3):424-428.
[15]WEN X J,LIU Y.A Realizable Quantum Sequential Multisignature Scheme[J].Acta Electronica Sinica,2007,35(6):1079-1083.
[16]ZENG C,ZHANG J Z.Quantum Blind Signature Scheme Based on 5 Particle Cluster State[J].Journal of Baoji University of Arts and Sciences,2016,36(4):17-21.曾川,张建中.基于5粒子Cluster态的量子盲签名方案[J].宝鸡文理学院学报,2016,36(4):17-21.
[17]WANG H,SHI R H,ZHONG H,et al.Quantum Proxy Blind Signature Based on W State[J].Quantum Electronic Journal,2016,33(1):35-43.王辉,石润华,仲红,等.基于W态的量子代理盲签名[J].量子电子学报,2016,33(1):35-43.
[18]XIE S C,SHAO A X,ZHANG J Z.Quantum Multi Proxy Blind Signature Scheme Based on Cluster State[J].Journal of Shandong University,2017,52(6):105-110.谢淑翠,邵爱霞,张建中.基于cluster态的量子多重代理盲签名方案[J].山东大学学报,2017,52(6):105-110.
[19]ZOU H,YAO H D.Quantum Multi Proxy Signature Protocol[J].Quantum Electronic Journal,2017,34(5):574-580.邹海,姚洪迪.量子多重代理签名协议[J].量子电子学报,2017,34(5):574-580.
[20]CAO H J,ZHU Y Y,LI P F.A Quantum Proxy Weak Blind Signature Scheme[J].International Journal of Theoretical Physics,2014,53(2):419-425.
[21]CAO H J,YU Y F,SONG Q,et al.A Quantum Proxy Weak Blind Signature Based on Controlled Quantum Teleportation[J].International Journal of Theoretical Physic,2015,54(4):1325-1333.
[2]MAMBO M,USUDA K,OKAMOTO E.Proxy Signatures:Delegation of the Power to Sign Messages[J].Leice Trans Fundamentals,1996,79(9):1338-1354.
[3]SHOR P.Algorithms for Quantum Computation:Discrete Logarithms and Factoring[C]//IEEE.35th Annual Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science,November 20-22,1994,Santa Fe,USA.New York:IEEE,1994:124-134.
[4]GOTTESMAN D,CHUANG I.Quantum Digital Signatures[EB/OL].arxiv.org/abs/quant-ph/0105032,2001-5-8/2018-1-5.
[5]LEE H,HONG C,KIM H,et al.Arbitrated Quantum Signature Scheme with Message Recovery[J].Physics Letters A,2004,321(5):295-300.
[6]WANG H,SHI R H,ZHONG H,et al.Research on a Proxy Blind Signature Scheme Based on Quantum Super Dense Coding[J].Netinfo Security,2016,16(11):28-32.王辉,石润华,仲红,等.一种基于量子超密编码的代理盲签名方案的研究[J].信息网络安全,2016,16(11):28-32.
[7]WEN X J,LIU Y,ZHOU N.Secure Quantum Telephone[J].Optics Communication,2007,275(1):278-282.
[8]CHEN Y M,CHENG X G,WANG S,et al.Based on Bilinear Pairings of Certificateless Group Signature[J].Netinfo Security,2017,17(3):53-58.陈亚萌,程相国,王硕,等.基于双线性对的无证书群签名方案研究[J].信息网络安全,2017,17(3):53-58.
[9]ZOU X F,QIU D W.Attack and Improvements of Fair Quantum Blind Signature Schemes[J].Quantum Information Processing,2013,12(6):2071-2085.
[10]CHEN L,Gu C X,SHANG M J.Efficient Blind Signature Scheme Against Quantum Attacks[J].Netinfo Security,2017,17(10):36-41.陈莉,顾纯祥,尚明君.抗量子攻击的高效盲签名方案[J].信息网络安全,2017,17(10):36-41.
[11]LI W,FAN M Y,WANG G W.An Arbitration Based Quantum Signature Scheme Based on Entanglement Swapping[J].Journal of physics,2011,60(8):18-24.李伟,范明钰,王光卫.基于纠缠交换的仲裁量子签名方案[J].物理学报,2011,60(8):18-24.
[12]WANG J,ZHANG Q,TANG C J.Efficient Quantum Signature Protocol for Classical Messages[J].Journal of Communication,2007,28(1):64-68.王剑,张权,唐朝京.针对经典消息的高效量子签名协议[J].通信学报,2007,28(1):64-68.
[13]LEE H,HONG C,KIM H,et al.Arbitrated Quantum Signature Scheme with Message Recovery[J].Physics Letters A,2004,321(5-6):295-300.
[14]WEN X J,LIU Y,ZHANG P Y.Information Signature Protocol Based on EPR Particle Pairs[J].Journal of Dalian University of Technology,2007,47(3):424-428.温晓军,刘云,张鹏云.基于EPR粒子对的信息签名协议[J].大连理工大学学报,2007,47(3):424-428.
[15]WEN X J,LIU Y.A Realizable Quantum Sequential Multisignature Scheme[J].Acta Electronica Sinica,2007,35(6):1079-1083.
[16]ZENG C,ZHANG J Z.Quantum Blind Signature Scheme Based on 5 Particle Cluster State[J].Journal of Baoji University of Arts and Sciences,2016,36(4):17-21.曾川,张建中.基于5粒子Cluster态的量子盲签名方案[J].宝鸡文理学院学报,2016,36(4):17-21.
[17]WANG H,SHI R H,ZHONG H,et al.Quantum Proxy Blind Signature Based on W State[J].Quantum Electronic Journal,2016,33(1):35-43.王辉,石润华,仲红,等.基于W态的量子代理盲签名[J].量子电子学报,2016,33(1):35-43.
[18]XIE S C,SHAO A X,ZHANG J Z.Quantum Multi Proxy Blind Signature Scheme Based on Cluster State[J].Journal of Shandong University,2017,52(6):105-110.谢淑翠,邵爱霞,张建中.基于cluster态的量子多重代理盲签名方案[J].山东大学学报,2017,52(6):105-110.
[19]ZOU H,YAO H D.Quantum Multi Proxy Signature Protocol[J].Quantum Electronic Journal,2017,34(5):574-580.邹海,姚洪迪.量子多重代理签名协议[J].量子电子学报,2017,34(5):574-580.
[20]CAO H J,ZHU Y Y,LI P F.A Quantum Proxy Weak Blind Signature Scheme[J].International Journal of Theoretical Physics,2014,53(2):419-425.
[21]CAO H J,YU Y F,SONG Q,et al.A Quantum Proxy Weak Blind Signature Based on Controlled Quantum Teleportation[J].International Journal of Theoretical Physic,2015,54(4):1325-1333.