基于综合需求响应和博弈的区域综合能源系统多主体日内联合优化调度
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摘要
区域综合能源系统是以可再生能源为核心,多能源网络耦合、多利益主体协同的未来能源网络,多方主体间的制约平衡是实现系统优化运行的关键。构建了包含产能基地、系统管理商和综合能源用户三方主体的典型区域IES模型;并建立综合能源用户的热电负荷耦合特性模型,完善综合需求响应机制。基于综合需求响应和博弈方法,提出了一种两阶段优化调度策略,实现区域IES内三方主体利益诉求的制约平衡和日内联合优化。一阶段为系统管理商的经济收益优化,利用Stackelberg博弈和电价型IDR策略实现用户对系统管理商经济优化的制约;二阶段为产能基地与用户利益的联合优化,采用激励型IDR策略建立用户与产能基地的互利关系,利用联盟博弈实现用户间制约平衡,从而实现三方主体利益相互制约和联合优化。最后,通过仿真算例验证了所提调度策略的优越性。
Integrated energy system(IES) is a future energy system focusing on renewable energy, containing multi-energy systems and multiple players. Equilibrium among players is the key point of system optimization. Firstly, an IES model is built, composed of a system manager, a generation base and integrated energy consumers. Then a coupling model between different loads is proposed. On this basis, a complete integrated demand response(IDR) strategy is proposed. Based on IDR and game method, a two-stage optimal dispatch is proposed to realize equilibrium and multi-player intraday optimization. The first-stage dispatch focuses on optimization of system manager profit. The optimization is restricted by consumers through Stackelberg game and price-based IDR. The second-stage dispatch is optimization of consumers and generation base. The proposed reward-based IDR gains the mutual benefit between the consumers and the generation base. The coalition game is used to gain equilibrium among consumers in the reward-based IDR, realizing the multi-player equilibrium and intraday optimization. Finally, simulation results verify advantages of the proposed strategy.
Integrated energy system(IES) is a future energy system focusing on renewable energy, containing multi-energy systems and multiple players. Equilibrium among players is the key point of system optimization. Firstly, an IES model is built, composed of a system manager, a generation base and integrated energy consumers. Then a coupling model between different loads is proposed. On this basis, a complete integrated demand response(IDR) strategy is proposed. Based on IDR and game method, a two-stage optimal dispatch is proposed to realize equilibrium and multi-player intraday optimization. The first-stage dispatch focuses on optimization of system manager profit. The optimization is restricted by consumers through Stackelberg game and price-based IDR. The second-stage dispatch is optimization of consumers and generation base. The proposed reward-based IDR gains the mutual benefit between the consumers and the generation base. The coalition game is used to gain equilibrium among consumers in the reward-based IDR, realizing the multi-player equilibrium and intraday optimization. Finally, simulation results verify advantages of the proposed strategy.
引文
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[2]孙宏斌,郭庆来,潘昭光,等.能源互联网:驱动力、评述与展望[J].电网技术,2015,39(11):3005-3013.Sun Hongbin,Guo Qinglai,Pan Zhaoguang,et al.Energy internet:driving force,review and outlook[J].Power System Technology,2015,39(11):3005-3013(in Chinese).
[3]白牧可,王越,唐巍,等.基于区间线性规划的区域综合能源系统日前优化调度[J].电网技术,2017,41(12):3963-3970.Bai Muke,Wang Yue,Tang Wei,et al.Day-ahead optimal dispatch of regional integrated energy system based on interval linear programming[J].Power System Technology,2017,41(12):3963-3970(in Chinese).
[4]Huang A Q,Crow M L,Heydt G T,et al.The future renewable electric energy delivery and management(FREEDM)system:the energy internet[J].Proceedings of the IEEE,2011,99(1):133-148.
[5]曾鸣,武赓,李冉,等.能源互联网中综合需求侧响应的关键问题及展望[J].电网技术,2016,40(11):3391-3398.Zeng Ming,Wu Geng,Li Ran,et al.Key problems and prospects of integrated demand response in energy internet[J].Power System Technology,2016,40(11):3391-3398(in Chinese).
[6]崔鹏程,史俊祎,文福栓,等.计及综合需求响应的能量枢纽优化配置[J].电力自动化设备,2017,37(6):101-109.Cui Pengcheng,Shi Junyi,Wen Fushuan,et al.Optimal energy hub configuration considering integrated demand response[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2017,37(6):101-109(in Chinese).
[7]Shao C Z,Ding Y,Wang J H,et al.Modeling and integration of flexible demand response in heat and electricity integrated energy system[J].IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy,2017,9(1):361-370.
[8]Shao C Z,Ding Y,Song Y H,et al.Demand response from multiple-energy customers in integrated energy system[C]//2017EEIC/1&Europe.Sanfrancisco,USA:EEIC 2017,2017:1-6.
[9]Nguyen D T,Negnevitsky M,Groot M D.Walrasian market clearing for demand response exchange[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2012,27(1):536-544.
[10]徐业琰,彭思成,廖清芬,等.考虑用户互补聚合响应与热能传输延时的综合能源园区运营商两阶段短期优化调度[J].电力自动化设备,2017,37(6):152-163.Xu Yeyan,Peng Sicheng,Liao Qingfen,et al.Two-stage short-term optimal dispatch of MEP considering CAUR and HTTD[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2017,37(6):152-163(in Chinese).
[11]刘涤尘,马恒瑞,王波,等.含冷热电联供及储能的区域综合能源系统运行优化[J].电力系统自动化,2018,42(4):113-120.Liu Dichen,Ma Hengrui,Wang Bo,et al.Operation optimization of regional integrated energy system with CCHP and energy storage system[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2018,42(4):113-120(in Chinese).
[12]张彦,张涛,孟繁霖,等.基于模型预测控制的能源互联网系统分布式优化调度研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,37(23):6829-6845.Zhang Yan,Zhang Tao,Meng Fanlin,et al.Model predictive control based distributed optimization and scheduling approach for the energy internet[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2017,37(23):6829-6845(in Chinese).
[13]Yu M M,Hong S H.A real-time demand-response algorithm for smart grids:a stackelberg game approach[J].IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid,2016,7(2):879-888.
[14]郝然,艾芊,姜子卿.区域综合能源系统多主体非完全信息下的双层博弈策略[J].电力系统自动化,2018,42(4):194-201.Hao Ran,Ai Qian,Jiang Ziqing.Bi-level game strategy for multiagent with incomplete information in regional integrated energy system[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2018,42(4):194-201(in Chinese).
[15]马丽,刘念,张建华,等.基于主从博弈策略的社区能源互联网分布式能量管理[J].电网技术,2016,40(12):3655-3661.Ma Li,Liu Nian,Zhang Jianhua,et al.Distributed energy management of community energy Internet based on leader-followers game[J].Power System Technology,2016,40(12):3655-3661(in Chinese).
[16]张高,王旭,蒋传文,等.采用双层优化调度的虚拟电厂经济性分析[J].电网技术,2016,40(8):2295-2301.Zhang Gao,Wang Xu,Jiang Chuanwen,et al.Economic analysis of virtual power plants based on bi-level optimization dispatch[J].Power System Technology,2016,40(8):2295-2301(in Chinese).
[17]Liu J C,Li J.A bi-level energy-saving dispatch in smart grid considering interaction between generation and load[J].IEEETransactions on Smart Grid,2015,6(3):1443-1452.
[18]Shao C Z,Ding Y,Siano P,et al.A framework for incorporating demand response of smart buildings into the integrated heat and electricity energy system[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2019,66(2):1465-1475.
[19]王珺,顾伟,陆帅,等.结合热网模型的多区域综合能源系统协同规划[J].电力系统自动化,2016,40(15):17-24.Wang Jun,Gu Wei,Lu Shuai,et al.Coordinated planning of multi-district integrated energy system combining heating network model[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2016,40(15):17-24(in Chinese).
[20]郭宇航,胡博,万凌云,等.含热泵的热电联产型微电网短期最优经济运行[J].电力系统自动化,2015,39(14):16-22.Guo Yuhang,Hu Bo,Wan Lingyun,et al.Optimal economic shortterm scheduling of CHP microgrid incorporating heat pump[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2015,39(14):16-22(in Chinese).
[21]Celebl E,Fuller J D.Time-of-use pricing in electricity markets under different market structures[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2012,27(3):1170-1181.
[22]Zhong H,Xie L,Xia Q.Coupon incentive-based demand response:theory and case study[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2013,28(2):1266-1276.
[23]Maharjan S,Quanyan Z,Yan Z,et al.Dependable demand response management in the smart grid:a stackelberg game approach[J].IEEETransactions on Smart Grid,2013,4(1):120-132.
[24]Fele F,Maestre J M,Camacho E F.Coalitional control:cooperative game theory and control[J].IEEE Control Systems,2017,37(1):53-69.
[25]Chapman A C,Verbic G.An iterative on-line auction mechanism for aggregated demand-side participation[J].IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid,2017,8(1):158-168.
[26]平健,陈思捷,张宁,等.基于智能合约的配电网去中心化交易机制[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,37(13):3682-3690.Ping Jian,Chen Sijie,Zhang Ning,et al.Decentralized transactive mechanism in distribution network based on smart contract[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2017,37(13):3682-3690(in Chinese).
[27]何永秀,宋栋,夏天,等.基于合作博弈论的常规能源与新能源发电权置换交易模式研究[J].电网技术,2017,41(8):2485-2490.He Yongxiu,Song Dong,Xia Tian,et al.Model of generation right trade between renewable energy and conventional energy based on cooperative game theory[J].Power System Technology,2017,41(8):2485-2490(in Chinese).
[28]朱?弗登博格,让?梯诺尔.博弈论[M].北京:中国人民大学出版社,2016.
[29]赵峰,张承慧,孙波,等.冷热电三联供系统的三级协同整体优化设计方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2015,35(15):3785-3793.Zhao Feng,Zhang Chenghui,Sun Bo,et al.Three stage collaborative global optimization design method combined cooling heating and power[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2015,35(15):3785-3793(in Chinese).
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