中国卫生人力资源配置水平的空间分析
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摘要
目的:探讨我国近十年来卫生人力资源在省级层面的空间分布及变化特征,促进卫生人力资源的优化配置。方法:运用全局空间自相关、LISA检验及相对发展率指数对我国卫生人力资源的空间分布及发展趋势进行分析。结果:我国千人口卫生人力资源配置总体上呈现由北向南递减的趋势;全局Moran'sI显示我国卫生人力资源聚集水平不断下降,地区差异不断缩小;LISA结果显示天津、石家庄和广东地区卫生人力资源存在局部空间自相关且差异具有统计学意义;不同时间段的卫生人力资源增长空间格局及其演变趋势与卫生人力资源空间格局变化并不完全一致。结论:尽管我国卫生人力资源配置的总体空间分布差距在不断缩小,但省级水平上仍存在分布的不均衡。基于空间统计分析的卫生人力资源信息有助于可视化的展示我国卫生人力资源的分布,为政府管理部门决策提供依据。
Objective:This paper aims to explore the spatial distribution and evolution of China's health human resources at the provincial-level in the pastlO years, in order to promote the optimal allocation of health human resources in China. Methods: The Global Moran's I index,LISA test and NICH methods are used to analyze the spatial distribution and evolution of health human resources in China. Results:In general, the analysis of China's health human resources of hundreds ofthousands of people shows a downward trend from north to south. The Moran's I analysis results show that the level of health human resources accumulation in China has been declining and regional differences has been shrinking. The results of LISA analysis show that there is a significant spatial autocorrelation of health human resources in Tianjin, Shijiazhuang and Guangdong. In addition, the spatial pattern and evolution of growth are not completely consistent with the changesinthe spatial pattern of human resources. Conclusions: Although the overall spatial distribution gap of the health human resources allocation in China is shrinking, there is still anuneven distribution at the provincial level. The spatial statistical analysis can help visualize the distribution of health human resources in China and provide government departments with a basis fordecision-making reference.
Objective:This paper aims to explore the spatial distribution and evolution of China's health human resources at the provincial-level in the pastlO years, in order to promote the optimal allocation of health human resources in China. Methods: The Global Moran's I index,LISA test and NICH methods are used to analyze the spatial distribution and evolution of health human resources in China. Results:In general, the analysis of China's health human resources of hundreds ofthousands of people shows a downward trend from north to south. The Moran's I analysis results show that the level of health human resources accumulation in China has been declining and regional differences has been shrinking. The results of LISA analysis show that there is a significant spatial autocorrelation of health human resources in Tianjin, Shijiazhuang and Guangdong. In addition, the spatial pattern and evolution of growth are not completely consistent with the changesinthe spatial pattern of human resources. Conclusions: Although the overall spatial distribution gap of the health human resources allocation in China is shrinking, there is still anuneven distribution at the provincial level. The spatial statistical analysis can help visualize the distribution of health human resources in China and provide government departments with a basis fordecision-making reference.
引文
[1]程晓明.卫生经济学[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,2012.
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[9] Anselin L. Local Spatial Autocorrelation Use of LISA[J].2003(4):1-7.
[10]胡洪曙,亓寿伟.政府间转移支付的公共服务均等化效果研究——一个空间溢出效应的分析框架[J].经济管理,2015(10):1-11.
[11]郑文升,蒋华雄,艾红如,等.中国基础医疗卫生资源供给水平的区域差异[J].地理研究,2015, 34(11):2049-2060.
[12]曹芳东,黄震方,吴江,等.1990年以来江苏省区域经济差异时空格局演化及其成因分析[J].经济地理,2011, 31(6):895-902.
[13] Grossman M. On the Concept of Health Capital and The Demand for Health[J]. Journal of Political Economy,1972,80(2):223-255.
[2] Courtney K L. Visualizing nursing workforce distribution:policy evaluation using geographic information systems[J].Int J Med Inform, 2005,74(11-12):980-988.
[3]梁璟.广西卫生人力资源配置的空间流行病学研究[D].南宁:广西医科大学,2012.
[4]董惠玲,吴炳义,王媛媛,等.基于GIS的2014年山东省卫生资源配置空间分析[J].中国卫生统计,2016,33(4):624-627.
[5]花根才,李文秀,刘晔翔,等.基于地理信息系统的区县老年护理床位配置方法研究[J].中国卫生资源,2015(4):291-293.
[6]魏娜娜,宇传华,鲍俊哲,等.中国人均卫生总费用空间聚集性及其影响因素分析[J].中国卫生事业管理,2016, 33(3):190-192.
[7]姜庆五,赵飞.空间自相关分析方法在流行病学中的应用[J].中华流行病学杂志,2011,32(6):539-546.
[8]王庆喜.区域经济研究实用方法[M].北京:经济科学出版社,2014.
[9] Anselin L. Local Spatial Autocorrelation Use of LISA[J].2003(4):1-7.
[10]胡洪曙,亓寿伟.政府间转移支付的公共服务均等化效果研究——一个空间溢出效应的分析框架[J].经济管理,2015(10):1-11.
[11]郑文升,蒋华雄,艾红如,等.中国基础医疗卫生资源供给水平的区域差异[J].地理研究,2015, 34(11):2049-2060.
[12]曹芳东,黄震方,吴江,等.1990年以来江苏省区域经济差异时空格局演化及其成因分析[J].经济地理,2011, 31(6):895-902.
[13] Grossman M. On the Concept of Health Capital and The Demand for Health[J]. Journal of Political Economy,1972,80(2):223-255.