城乡居民养老观念的差异及影响因素——基于CGSS 2013数据的实证研究
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摘要
社会经济的发展使传统养老的"反馈模式"日渐式微,人们的养老观念呈多元化趋势。以中国综合社会调查(CGSS)2013年的数据为基础,对城乡居民的养老观念差异及其影响因素进行综合分析,发现:农村居民认可多元化的养老方式,但子女养老依旧是第一选择;而政府、子女、自我三者责任分担才是城市居民最期望的养老方式。同时,城市居民的养老观念受年龄、受教育程度、收入、工作类型等个体特征影响较多,而农村居民的养老观念则受家庭成员个数、家庭经济状况等家庭特征因素影响较多。
With the development of social economy, the "feedback mode" of the elderly support is declining, and people's attitude toward elderly support is diversified, which is an important aspect to be considered in the construction of the current elderly support system. Based on the data of CGSS(2013), this paper analyzes the differences in the attitude towards elderly support between urban and rural residents and its influencing factors. Rural residents approved diversification in elderly support, but children support is still the first choice, while urban residents preferred that the support responsibilities should share by government, children and elderly people themselves. Urban residents' attitude toward elderly support is affected by age, education, income, work type and other individual characteristics, while family members, family economic status and other family characteristics affect rural residents' attitude toward elderly support.
With the development of social economy, the "feedback mode" of the elderly support is declining, and people's attitude toward elderly support is diversified, which is an important aspect to be considered in the construction of the current elderly support system. Based on the data of CGSS(2013), this paper analyzes the differences in the attitude towards elderly support between urban and rural residents and its influencing factors. Rural residents approved diversification in elderly support, but children support is still the first choice, while urban residents preferred that the support responsibilities should share by government, children and elderly people themselves. Urban residents' attitude toward elderly support is affected by age, education, income, work type and other individual characteristics, while family members, family economic status and other family characteristics affect rural residents' attitude toward elderly support.
引文
[1]国家统计局.2017年国民经济和社会发展统计公报[EB/OL].(2018-02-28)[2018-09-23].http://www.stats.gov.cn/tjsj/zxfb/201802/t20180228_1585631.html.
[2]李建新,于学军,王广州,等.中国农村养老意愿和养老方式的研究[J].人口与经济,2004,(5):7-12.
[3]龙书芹,风笑天,城市居民的养老意愿及其影响因素——对江苏四城市老年生活状况的调查分析[J].南京社会科学,2007,(1):98-105.
[4]程亮.老由谁养:养老意愿及其影响因素——基于2010年中国综合社会调查的实证研究[J].兰州学刊,2014,(7):131-138.
[5]朱海龙,欧阳盼.中国人养老观念的转变与思考[J].湖南师范大学社会科学学报,2015,(1):88-96.
[6]纪竞垚.只有一孩,靠谁养老?——独生子女父母养老意愿及影响因素分析[J].老龄科学研究,2015,(8):35-44.
[7]程令国,张晔,刘志彪.“新农保”改变了中国农村居民的养老模式吗?[J].经济研究,2013,(8):42-54.
[8]李国梁.城乡居民养老观念比较研究[J].四川理工学院学报(社会科学版),2017,(6):16-36.
[9]孙鹃娟,沈定.中国老年人口的养老意愿及其城乡差异[J].人口与经济,2017,(2):11-20.
[10]费孝通.家庭结构变动中的老年人赡养问题[J].北京大学学报(哲学社会科学版),1983,(3):6-15.
[11]张航空.家庭养老模式的延续与变迁[J].长白学刊,2016,(2):113-118.
[2]李建新,于学军,王广州,等.中国农村养老意愿和养老方式的研究[J].人口与经济,2004,(5):7-12.
[3]龙书芹,风笑天,城市居民的养老意愿及其影响因素——对江苏四城市老年生活状况的调查分析[J].南京社会科学,2007,(1):98-105.
[4]程亮.老由谁养:养老意愿及其影响因素——基于2010年中国综合社会调查的实证研究[J].兰州学刊,2014,(7):131-138.
[5]朱海龙,欧阳盼.中国人养老观念的转变与思考[J].湖南师范大学社会科学学报,2015,(1):88-96.
[6]纪竞垚.只有一孩,靠谁养老?——独生子女父母养老意愿及影响因素分析[J].老龄科学研究,2015,(8):35-44.
[7]程令国,张晔,刘志彪.“新农保”改变了中国农村居民的养老模式吗?[J].经济研究,2013,(8):42-54.
[8]李国梁.城乡居民养老观念比较研究[J].四川理工学院学报(社会科学版),2017,(6):16-36.
[9]孙鹃娟,沈定.中国老年人口的养老意愿及其城乡差异[J].人口与经济,2017,(2):11-20.
[10]费孝通.家庭结构变动中的老年人赡养问题[J].北京大学学报(哲学社会科学版),1983,(3):6-15.
[11]张航空.家庭养老模式的延续与变迁[J].长白学刊,2016,(2):113-118.