防治草莓炭疽病的芽胞杆菌组合的筛选
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摘要
为开发防治草莓炭疽病的复合菌剂,比较了5株芽胞杆菌(菌株CM3、Y-48、Lh-1、Y-30和Y-9)在不同的组合方式和比例下对草莓炭疽菌Colletotrichum thebromicoia的抑制作用,筛选出抑菌效果的最佳的组合并通过盆栽防治试验测定其防治效果。抑菌试验表明,由巨大芽胞杆菌Y-30和解淀粉芽胞杆菌CM3按照2:1配比而成的组合抑菌率达到59.46%,比菌株Y-48的抑菌率高出13.86%(单菌株中抑菌率最高的菌株,抑菌率为52.22%),比单菌株Y-30和CM3分别提高72.65%和25.22%。盆栽试验证实,复合菌处理对于草莓炭疽病的防治效果为68.69%,比化学药剂的防治效果提高了23.63%;同时,复合菌处理还有效的促进了草莓的生长,草莓株高、叶片面积、根鲜重以及茎叶鲜重都有显著提高。本试验为复合菌剂应用于草莓炭疽病的生物防治提供了依据。
To develop complex microbial agents against strawberry anthracnose, we compared the inhibitory effects of five Bacillus strains(strain CM3, Y-48, Lh-1, Y-30 and Y-9) on Colletotrichum thebromicoia with different combinations and proportions and identified the best combination. By using the pot culture experiment, we measured their control effects. Bacteriostasis experiment showed that the combination which was composed of Bacillus megaterium Y-30 and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens CM3 with the ratio of 2:1 had the highest inhibition rate of 59.46%, 13.86% higher than that of single strain Y-48 with the highest inhibition rate of 52.22% among the single strains, 72.65% higher than that of single strain Y-30 and 25.22% higher than that of single CM3, respectively. Pot experiments demonstrated that the control efficacy of this combination on strawberry anthracnose was 68.69%, 23.63% higher than that of chemical agents. Furthermore, this combination effectively promoted the growth of strawberry. The strawberry height, leaf area, fresh weight of root and stem were increased significantly. Taken together, this study provided an experimental basis for the application of complex microbial agent to the biological control of strawberry anthracnose.
To develop complex microbial agents against strawberry anthracnose, we compared the inhibitory effects of five Bacillus strains(strain CM3, Y-48, Lh-1, Y-30 and Y-9) on Colletotrichum thebromicoia with different combinations and proportions and identified the best combination. By using the pot culture experiment, we measured their control effects. Bacteriostasis experiment showed that the combination which was composed of Bacillus megaterium Y-30 and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens CM3 with the ratio of 2:1 had the highest inhibition rate of 59.46%, 13.86% higher than that of single strain Y-48 with the highest inhibition rate of 52.22% among the single strains, 72.65% higher than that of single strain Y-30 and 25.22% higher than that of single CM3, respectively. Pot experiments demonstrated that the control efficacy of this combination on strawberry anthracnose was 68.69%, 23.63% higher than that of chemical agents. Furthermore, this combination effectively promoted the growth of strawberry. The strawberry height, leaf area, fresh weight of root and stem were increased significantly. Taken together, this study provided an experimental basis for the application of complex microbial agent to the biological control of strawberry anthracnose.
引文
[1]张国珍.我国对草莓炭疽根腐病的重视程度亟待提高[J].植物保护,2015,41(2):234-236.
[2]赵帆,赵密珍,王钰,等.不同连作年限草莓根际细菌和真菌多样性变化[J].微生物学通报,2017,44(6):1377-1386.
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[4]Gan P,Nakata N,Suzuki T,et al.Markers to differentiate species of anthracnose fungi identify Colletotrichum fructicola,as the predominant virulent species in strawberry plants in Chiba Prefecture of Japan[J].Journal of General Plant Pathology,2017,83(1):14-22.
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[6]杨友联,李树江,刘作易.虎耳草炭疽病病原菌鉴定[J].微生物学通报,2017,44(4):818-824.
[7]刘邮洲,陈志谊,刘永锋,等.枯草芽胞杆菌sf 628对梨炭疽病的控制作用[J].植物保护学报,2012,39(6):492-496.
[8]汪茜,胡春锦,柯仿钢,等.生防菌株1404的鉴定及其对采后柑橘炭疽病的防治效果[J].微生物学报,2010,50(9):1208-1217.
[9]张晓琴.芽胞杆菌CHY对枣胶胞炭疽病拮抗作用及其拮抗物质的研究[D].西安:西北大学,2015.
[10]Hirayama Y,Asano S,Watanabe K,et al.Control of Colletotrichum fructicola,on strawberry with a foliar spray of neutral electrolyzed water through an overhead irrigation system[J].Journal of General Plant Pathology,2016,82(4):186-189.
[11]吉沐祥,杨敬辉,吴祥,等.草莓炭疽病的生物防治研究(英文)[J].Agricultural Science and Technology,2013,14(11):1569-1571.
[12]陈哲,黄静,赵佳,等.草莓红中柱根腐病的研究进展[J].生物技术通报,2017,33(3):37-44.
[13]孙广正,姚拓,侯栋,等.西葫芦根腐病菌拮抗细菌的防病促生作用[J].微生物学通报,2017,44(5):1121-1130.
[14]辛美丽,宋爱环,王志刚,等.芽胞杆菌组合对海水养殖水体COD的降解效果[J].广西科学院学报,2016,32(3):215-220.
[15]陈志谊,刘邮洲,刘永锋,等.拮抗细菌菌株之间的互作关系及其对生物防治效果的影响[J].植物病理学报,2005,35(6):539-544.
[16]韩华雯,孙丽娜,姚拓,等.不同促生菌株组合对紫花苜蓿产量和品质的影响[J].草业学报,2013,22(5):104-112.
[17]张文婷.控制植物枯、黄萎病生防菌组合的构建[D].杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2011.
[18]黄静,赵佳,陈哲,等.抗草莓灰霉病的芽胞杆菌CM3的分离与筛选[J].北方园艺,2016(11):113-116.
[19]陈哲,黄静,赵佳,等.草莓根腐病的病原菌分离鉴定及拮抗菌CM3的抑制作用研究[J].生物技术通报,2018,34(2):135-141.
[20]陈哲,黄静,赵佳,等.番茄灰霉病病原菌分离鉴定及拮抗菌筛选[J].生物技术通报,2017,33(8):81-87.
[21]赵佳,黄静,陈哲,等.西瓜枯萎病拮抗菌Lh-1的鉴定及生物防治效果研究[J].生物技术通报,2017,33(4):130-136.
[22]李琪,宋刚,平文祥,等.九株解有机磷菌株配比对有机磷矿化及p H值的影响[J].黑龙江大学自然科学学报,2016(1):94-100.
[23]张鹏,曾祥国,韩永超,等.草莓‘晶瑶’感染炭疽病后抗性生理指标分析[J].中国农学通报,2014,30(13):161-167.
[24]王丰,马跃,高秀岩,等.草莓品种对炭疽病抗性的鉴定技术研究[J].果树学报,2008,25(4):542-547.
[25]卞静,陈泰祥,陈秀蓉,等.当归新病害-炭疽病病原鉴定及发病规律研究[J].草业学报,2014,23(6):266-273.
[26]陈娟,王承芳,黄杰峰,等.木霉菌制剂防治草莓苗期炭疽病效果研究[J].现代农业科技,2015(7):115-119.
[27]赵玳琳,卯婷婷,赵兴丽,等.草莓炭疽菌初期侵染过程显微观察[J].南方农业学报,2016,47(7):1140-1145.
[28]赵玳琳,赵兴丽,卯婷婷,等.草莓根部侵染草莓炭疽菌的致病动态变化过程[J].西南农业学报,2016,29(3):574-578.
[29]邢嘉韵,兰时乐,李姣,等.巨大芽胞杆菌和枯草芽胞杆菌混合对马铃薯生长及土壤微生物含量的影响[J].湖南农业大学学报(自然科学版),2017,43(4):377-381.
[30]李颖,金鑫,蒋继志,等.致病疫霉拮抗细菌筛选及J-28菌株鉴定[J].中国植保导刊,2016,36(1):10-15.
[31]吴颖,侯潞丹,张杰.复合微生物菌剂中各菌株间的拮抗试验及培养条件的筛选[J].浙江农业学报,2016,28(5):820-827.
[32]荣良燕,柴强,姚拓,等.复合微生物接种剂替代部分化肥对豌豆间作玉米的促生效应[J].草业学报,2015,24(2):22-30.
[33]张立峰.水稻复合微生物药肥壮秧抗病机理的研究[D].哈尔滨:东北农业大学,2016.
[34]麻耀华.复合微生物防治黄瓜枯萎病作用机理初步研究[D].石家庄:河北师范大学,2012.
[35]韩华雯,孙丽娜,姚拓,等.苜蓿根际有益菌接种剂对苜蓿生长特性影响的研究[J].草地学报,2013,21(2):353-359.
[2]赵帆,赵密珍,王钰,等.不同连作年限草莓根际细菌和真菌多样性变化[J].微生物学通报,2017,44(6):1377-1386.
[3]Hirayama Y,Asano S,Okayama K,et al.Weeds as the potential inoculum source of Colletotrichum fructicola,responsible for strawberry anthracnose in Nara,Japan[J].Journal of General Plant Pathology,2018,84:12-19.
[4]Gan P,Nakata N,Suzuki T,et al.Markers to differentiate species of anthracnose fungi identify Colletotrichum fructicola,as the predominant virulent species in strawberry plants in Chiba Prefecture of Japan[J].Journal of General Plant Pathology,2017,83(1):14-22.
[5]Karimi K,Ahari A B,Arzanlou M,et al.Application of the consolidated species concept to identify the causal agent of strawberry anthracnose in Iran and initial molecular dating of the Colletotrichum acutatum,species complex[J].European Journal of Plant Pathology,2017,147(2):1-13.
[6]杨友联,李树江,刘作易.虎耳草炭疽病病原菌鉴定[J].微生物学通报,2017,44(4):818-824.
[7]刘邮洲,陈志谊,刘永锋,等.枯草芽胞杆菌sf 628对梨炭疽病的控制作用[J].植物保护学报,2012,39(6):492-496.
[8]汪茜,胡春锦,柯仿钢,等.生防菌株1404的鉴定及其对采后柑橘炭疽病的防治效果[J].微生物学报,2010,50(9):1208-1217.
[9]张晓琴.芽胞杆菌CHY对枣胶胞炭疽病拮抗作用及其拮抗物质的研究[D].西安:西北大学,2015.
[10]Hirayama Y,Asano S,Watanabe K,et al.Control of Colletotrichum fructicola,on strawberry with a foliar spray of neutral electrolyzed water through an overhead irrigation system[J].Journal of General Plant Pathology,2016,82(4):186-189.
[11]吉沐祥,杨敬辉,吴祥,等.草莓炭疽病的生物防治研究(英文)[J].Agricultural Science and Technology,2013,14(11):1569-1571.
[12]陈哲,黄静,赵佳,等.草莓红中柱根腐病的研究进展[J].生物技术通报,2017,33(3):37-44.
[13]孙广正,姚拓,侯栋,等.西葫芦根腐病菌拮抗细菌的防病促生作用[J].微生物学通报,2017,44(5):1121-1130.
[14]辛美丽,宋爱环,王志刚,等.芽胞杆菌组合对海水养殖水体COD的降解效果[J].广西科学院学报,2016,32(3):215-220.
[15]陈志谊,刘邮洲,刘永锋,等.拮抗细菌菌株之间的互作关系及其对生物防治效果的影响[J].植物病理学报,2005,35(6):539-544.
[16]韩华雯,孙丽娜,姚拓,等.不同促生菌株组合对紫花苜蓿产量和品质的影响[J].草业学报,2013,22(5):104-112.
[17]张文婷.控制植物枯、黄萎病生防菌组合的构建[D].杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2011.
[18]黄静,赵佳,陈哲,等.抗草莓灰霉病的芽胞杆菌CM3的分离与筛选[J].北方园艺,2016(11):113-116.
[19]陈哲,黄静,赵佳,等.草莓根腐病的病原菌分离鉴定及拮抗菌CM3的抑制作用研究[J].生物技术通报,2018,34(2):135-141.
[20]陈哲,黄静,赵佳,等.番茄灰霉病病原菌分离鉴定及拮抗菌筛选[J].生物技术通报,2017,33(8):81-87.
[21]赵佳,黄静,陈哲,等.西瓜枯萎病拮抗菌Lh-1的鉴定及生物防治效果研究[J].生物技术通报,2017,33(4):130-136.
[22]李琪,宋刚,平文祥,等.九株解有机磷菌株配比对有机磷矿化及p H值的影响[J].黑龙江大学自然科学学报,2016(1):94-100.
[23]张鹏,曾祥国,韩永超,等.草莓‘晶瑶’感染炭疽病后抗性生理指标分析[J].中国农学通报,2014,30(13):161-167.
[24]王丰,马跃,高秀岩,等.草莓品种对炭疽病抗性的鉴定技术研究[J].果树学报,2008,25(4):542-547.
[25]卞静,陈泰祥,陈秀蓉,等.当归新病害-炭疽病病原鉴定及发病规律研究[J].草业学报,2014,23(6):266-273.
[26]陈娟,王承芳,黄杰峰,等.木霉菌制剂防治草莓苗期炭疽病效果研究[J].现代农业科技,2015(7):115-119.
[27]赵玳琳,卯婷婷,赵兴丽,等.草莓炭疽菌初期侵染过程显微观察[J].南方农业学报,2016,47(7):1140-1145.
[28]赵玳琳,赵兴丽,卯婷婷,等.草莓根部侵染草莓炭疽菌的致病动态变化过程[J].西南农业学报,2016,29(3):574-578.
[29]邢嘉韵,兰时乐,李姣,等.巨大芽胞杆菌和枯草芽胞杆菌混合对马铃薯生长及土壤微生物含量的影响[J].湖南农业大学学报(自然科学版),2017,43(4):377-381.
[30]李颖,金鑫,蒋继志,等.致病疫霉拮抗细菌筛选及J-28菌株鉴定[J].中国植保导刊,2016,36(1):10-15.
[31]吴颖,侯潞丹,张杰.复合微生物菌剂中各菌株间的拮抗试验及培养条件的筛选[J].浙江农业学报,2016,28(5):820-827.
[32]荣良燕,柴强,姚拓,等.复合微生物接种剂替代部分化肥对豌豆间作玉米的促生效应[J].草业学报,2015,24(2):22-30.
[33]张立峰.水稻复合微生物药肥壮秧抗病机理的研究[D].哈尔滨:东北农业大学,2016.
[34]麻耀华.复合微生物防治黄瓜枯萎病作用机理初步研究[D].石家庄:河北师范大学,2012.
[35]韩华雯,孙丽娜,姚拓,等.苜蓿根际有益菌接种剂对苜蓿生长特性影响的研究[J].草地学报,2013,21(2):353-359.
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