宽范围高精度电子枪控制系统的研制
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摘要
本文针对"1.2 MeV/10 mA高频高压型电子加速器及束线"项目中钨丝阴极热发射电子枪的控制需求,在了解了系统组成和工作原理的基础上,采用三极式平板热阴极发射电子枪,阴极材料使用钨丝,灯丝加热电源由发电机供电,引出电压从加速管电极分压获得。通过设计一种基于可编程逻辑控制器(Programmable Logic Controller,PLC)的控制系统,实现了电子枪引出1μA～50 mA 4个数量级范围的直流电子束。该控制系统采用PLC作为设备控制器,LabVIEW软件作为用户界面,通过通信协议(Object Linking and Embedding for Process Control,OPC)接口实现控制软件与设备控制器的通讯。实验测试表明,系统具有可靠稳定、灵活高效等特点。
[Background] Tungsten wire cathode thermal emission electron gun is adopted for the high frequency and high voltage electron accelerator and beamline project, but no commercial control system is available for this kind of electronic gun. [Purpose] This study aims to design and implement the control system of the Tungsten cathode thermal radiation electron gun for "1.2 MeV/10 mA high frequency and high voltage electron accelerator and beam line" project. [Methods] Based on understanding the composition and working principle of the system, the tripole flat-plate thermal cathode was employed in the electron gun that adopted tungsten wire as the cathode material. The filament heating power was supplied by the generator, and the extraction voltage was obtained by the partial voltage of the accelerating tube electrode. Its control system was designed and implemented by using programmable logic controller(PLC) while the general software LabVIEW was used in the host computer, and communication between host computer and PLC was achieved via the Object Linking and Embedding for process control(OPC) interface. [Results] Experimental results showed that the direct current electron beam in the range of 1 μA～50 m A was produced from this designed electron gun which could be controlled by the host computer.[Conclusion] As a device controller in the control system, the PLC together with LabVIEW programming in host computer can achieve reliable, flexible and efficient control of electron gun through OPC) interface.
[Background] Tungsten wire cathode thermal emission electron gun is adopted for the high frequency and high voltage electron accelerator and beamline project, but no commercial control system is available for this kind of electronic gun. [Purpose] This study aims to design and implement the control system of the Tungsten cathode thermal radiation electron gun for "1.2 MeV/10 mA high frequency and high voltage electron accelerator and beam line" project. [Methods] Based on understanding the composition and working principle of the system, the tripole flat-plate thermal cathode was employed in the electron gun that adopted tungsten wire as the cathode material. The filament heating power was supplied by the generator, and the extraction voltage was obtained by the partial voltage of the accelerating tube electrode. Its control system was designed and implemented by using programmable logic controller(PLC) while the general software LabVIEW was used in the host computer, and communication between host computer and PLC was achieved via the Object Linking and Embedding for process control(OPC) interface. [Results] Experimental results showed that the direct current electron beam in the range of 1 μA～50 m A was produced from this designed electron gun which could be controlled by the host computer.[Conclusion] As a device controller in the control system, the PLC together with LabVIEW programming in host computer can achieve reliable, flexible and efficient control of electron gun through OPC) interface.
引文
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8上海同步辐射装置中心.上海同步辐射装置工程初步设计[R].上海:中国科学院上海应用物理研究所,2001.Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility.The design report of shanghai synchrotron radiation facility]R].Shanghai:Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,2001.
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10邱琳.基于PLC的温控系统设计与研究[J].江西化工,2010,(4):38-41.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1008-0570.2007.04.012.QIU Lin.Design and research of temperature control system based on PLC[J].Jiangxi Chemical Industry,2010,(4):38-41.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1008-0570.2007.04.012.
11陈忠平.西门子s7-300/400系列PLC自学手册[M].北京:人民邮电出版社,2010:425-426.CHEN Zhongping.Siemens s7-300/400 series PLC selfstudy handbook[M].Beijing:Posts&Telecom Press,2010:425-426
12 Yu H S,Wei X J,Li J,et al.The XAFS beamline of SSRF[J].Nuclear Science and Techniques,2015,26(5):050102.DOI:10.13538/j.1001-8042/nst.26.050102.
2刘映杰.基于PLC及触摸屏的发射机控制系统设计[J].微计算机信息,2008,4(1):47-48.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1008-0570.2008.10.019.LIU Yingjie.Design of RF transmitter control based PLCand touch[J].Microcomputer Information,2008,4(1):47-48.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1008-0570.2008.10.019.
3张林,王颖,李秀娟,等.基于LabVIEW7.1的PID温控系统设计[J].自动化与仪表,2007,22(1):60-63.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1001-9944.2007.01.017.ZHANG Lin,WANG Ying,LI Xiujuan,et al.Design of PID temperature controlling system based on LabVIEW7.1[J].Automation and Instrument,2007,22(1):60-63.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1001-9944.2007.01.017.
4鄢志丹,孙立东,胡春光,等.基于LabVIEW的温控系统[J].仪表技术与传感器,2012,(9):13-14.YAN Zhidan,SUN Lidong,HU Chunguang,et al.Temperature control system based on LabVIEW[J].Instrument Technology and Sensors,2012,(9):13-14.
5宋东亚.电子加速器控制中工控机与PLC通信系统研究[D].南京:南京理工大学,2012.SONG Dongya.Research on industrial computer and PLC communication system in electronic accelerator control[D].Nanjing:Nanjing University of Technology,2012.
6杨君,苏海军,郭洪雷,等.小型工业加速器远程监控系统[J].核技术,2015,38(10):100402.DOI:10.11889/j.0253-3219.2015.hjs.38.100402.YANG Jun,SU Haijun,GUO Honglei,et al.Implementing remote monitor and control system for industrial small accelerator[J].Nuclear Techniques,2015,38(10):100402.DOI:10.11889/j.0253-3219.2015.hjs.38.100402.
7于春蕾.ADS注入器Ⅱ强流质子RFQ加速器控制系统的研究[D].北京:中国科学院大学,2014.YU Chunlei.Study of the control system of the high intensity proton RFQ for ADS injectorⅡ[D].Beijing:University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,2014.
8上海同步辐射装置中心.上海同步辐射装置工程初步设计[R].上海:中国科学院上海应用物理研究所,2001.Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility.The design report of shanghai synchrotron radiation facility]R].Shanghai:Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,2001.
9阳丹,王湘江.迟滞非线性系统辨识与补偿控制研究[J].机电工程,2014,31(1):57-61.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1001-4551.2014.01.012.YANG Dan,WANG Xiangjiang.Identification method and compensation control for hysteretic nonlinear systems[J].Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,2014,31(1):57-61.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1001-4551.2014.01.012.
10邱琳.基于PLC的温控系统设计与研究[J].江西化工,2010,(4):38-41.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1008-0570.2007.04.012.QIU Lin.Design and research of temperature control system based on PLC[J].Jiangxi Chemical Industry,2010,(4):38-41.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1008-0570.2007.04.012.
11陈忠平.西门子s7-300/400系列PLC自学手册[M].北京:人民邮电出版社,2010:425-426.CHEN Zhongping.Siemens s7-300/400 series PLC selfstudy handbook[M].Beijing:Posts&Telecom Press,2010:425-426
12 Yu H S,Wei X J,Li J,et al.The XAFS beamline of SSRF[J].Nuclear Science and Techniques,2015,26(5):050102.DOI:10.13538/j.1001-8042/nst.26.050102.