上海典型植被夏季与冬季的光谱特征分析
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摘要
不同植被之间、植被不同季节的光谱特征是进行城市植被遥感动态监测的重要内容。本研究基于实测的7种上海城市典型园林植被在夏季和冬季的光谱数据,分析了这些植被不同季相下的光谱变化特征,包括同一植被叶片与冠层的光谱差异。在此基础上,借助连续统去除法结合不同季相植被光谱差异分析了不同植被的可区分光谱波段。结果表明:供测植被在冬夏季的光谱特征有一些差异,冬季植被的反射率明显低于夏季,可见光波段与近红外波段分别低约60%和40%。同种植被的冠层和叶片光谱在近红外波段的反射率不同,主要取决于该植被的盖度、冠层结构。夏季乔木的光谱反射率在全波段普遍高于灌木,而在冬季正好相反。供测植被中,夹竹桃在夏季和冬季,全波段反射率明显高于其他植被达40%～60%。基于连续统去除法的光谱变换处理,能够有效地放大植被光谱间的差异,由此获得了植被间的可分波段,原本在可见光波段可分的区域通过连续统去除变换后,可分区域面积扩大。
Spectral characteristics of seven typical landscapes in Shanghai were studied to find out the differentiable spectral bands for dynamic monitoring of urban vegetations.The results show that the differences of spectral characteristics of vegetations between winter and summer are not very distinctive.However,the reflectance of vegetation in winter is significantly lower than that in summer,which is about60%and 40%lower in the visible band and near infrared band respectively.The reflectance of the canopy and leaf spectra of the same vegetation in the near infrared band is different,depending on the coverage and canopy structure of the vegetation.In summer,the spectral reflectance of trees is generally higher than that of shrubs,and in winter,it is the opposite.The reflectance of Nerium indicumis significantly higher than other vegetations both in summer and winter.By means of continuum removal,the spectral differences between vegetations can be effectively amplified,and the bands for separating vegetations can be obtained.
Spectral characteristics of seven typical landscapes in Shanghai were studied to find out the differentiable spectral bands for dynamic monitoring of urban vegetations.The results show that the differences of spectral characteristics of vegetations between winter and summer are not very distinctive.However,the reflectance of vegetation in winter is significantly lower than that in summer,which is about60%and 40%lower in the visible band and near infrared band respectively.The reflectance of the canopy and leaf spectra of the same vegetation in the near infrared band is different,depending on the coverage and canopy structure of the vegetation.In summer,the spectral reflectance of trees is generally higher than that of shrubs,and in winter,it is the opposite.The reflectance of Nerium indicumis significantly higher than other vegetations both in summer and winter.By means of continuum removal,the spectral differences between vegetations can be effectively amplified,and the bands for separating vegetations can be obtained.
引文
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[3] Tooke T R,Coops N C,Goodwin N R,et al.Extracting urban vegetation characteristics using spectral mixture analysis and decision tree classifications[J].Remote Sensing of Environment,2009,113(2):398-407.
[4]潘灼坤,王芳,夏丽华,等.高光谱遥感城市植被胁迫监测研究[J].遥感技术与应用,2012,27(1):68-76.
[5]刘东蔚,陈勇,王海军,等.城市林业中高光谱遥感技术应用现状与展望[J].林业与环境科学,2013,29(3):79-83.
[6]王皓飞,房娜,晏星,等.基于光谱特征的北京城区植被滞尘分布反演[J].光谱学与光谱分析,2016,36(9):2911-2918.
[7]张凯旋,车生泉,马少初,等.城市化进程中上海植被的多样性、空间格局和动态响应(Ⅵ):上海外环林带群落多样性与结构特征[J].华东师范大学学报(自然科学版),2011(4):1-14.
[8]马东辉,柯长青.南京冬季典型植被光谱特征分析[J].遥感技术与应用,2016,31(4):702-708.
[9]林文鹏,李厚增,黄敬峰,等.上海城市植被光谱反射特征分析[J].光谱学与光谱分析,2010,30(11):3111-3114.
[10]王欢欢.杭州城市典型植被光谱特征及通道研究[D].临安:浙江农林大学,2014.
[11]梁雯.人工植被光谱特性初步研究[D].杨陵:西北农林科技大学,2010.
[12] Schmidt K S,Skidmore A K.Spectral discrimination of vegetation types in a coastal wetland[J].Remote Sensing of Environment,2003,85(1):92-108.
[13]张磊,赵健龙,贾坤,等.基于物候特征的植物光谱识别方法研究[J].光谱学与光谱分析,2015(10):2836-2840.
[14]宜丽娜.广西猫儿山几种常绿和落叶植物生理生化指标的季节变化[D].南宁:广西师范大学,2012.
[15]范伟,王毅,饶瑞中.可见到近红外波段整层大气光谱透过率的测量研究[J].光子学报,2006,35(3):402-407.
[16]马剑,申广荣,杜宝明,等.基于PLSR的土壤δ13 C含量光谱特性[J].上海交通大学学报(农业科学版),2015,33(5):11-18.
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