基于AMDF和DTS的洗衣机脱水阶段振动信号转速提取
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摘要
国标GB/T4288—2018要求将传感器安装在洗衣机箱体上进行振动量检测,而转速测量要求传感器安装在洗涤筒外,效率较低。因此,提出采取利用外箱体的加速度传感器来进行脱水转速提取,可实现不拆卸状态下的转速及振动量的同时检测。根据洗衣机脱水阶段的上升控制段与自由衰减段转速曲线的不同特点,提出采用平均幅度差函数(Average Magnitude Difference Function, AMDF)和差分阈值分段(Differential Threshold Segmentation, DTS)处理相结合的算法来提取脱水阶段振动信号对应的转速,判断并截除衰减段信噪比和能量过低信号对应的转速曲线,修正完整转速曲线中的少数奇异点。采用某型波轮洗衣机的三种不同的脱水时间模式进行实验,实验表明:实测的平稳段和目标段转速曲线和理论转速曲线相比较,误差满足国标精度要求。
To meet the national standard GB/T4288—2018, the sensors are required to be installed on the shell of washing machines for vibration parameters detection, and the measurement for rotation speed requires the sensor to be installed outside the wash basket, which is less efficient. Therefore, it was proposed to use an acceleration sensor on the shell of a washing machine to extract the dehydration rotation speed, and it is supposed to detect the rotation speed and the vibration parameters simultaneously without disassembling the machine. The difference between the rising control curve and the free descending section of the washing machine dehydration stage were analyzed, a novel method combining average amplitude difference function(AMDF) and differential threshold segmentation(DTS) was proposed to extract the rotation speed from the vibration signal in the dehydration stage of the washing machine. The relevant rotation speed curve of the vibration signal part with too low SNR and energy at the descending section was found and cut, and a few outliers in the whole speed curve were corrected. The method was tested by using a certain type of a pulsator washing machine under three kinds of modes with different dehydration time. The experiment results show that the errors between tested rotation speed curve and theoretical rotation speed curve of steady stages and setting goal stages meet the error requirements of the national standard.
To meet the national standard GB/T4288—2018, the sensors are required to be installed on the shell of washing machines for vibration parameters detection, and the measurement for rotation speed requires the sensor to be installed outside the wash basket, which is less efficient. Therefore, it was proposed to use an acceleration sensor on the shell of a washing machine to extract the dehydration rotation speed, and it is supposed to detect the rotation speed and the vibration parameters simultaneously without disassembling the machine. The difference between the rising control curve and the free descending section of the washing machine dehydration stage were analyzed, a novel method combining average amplitude difference function(AMDF) and differential threshold segmentation(DTS) was proposed to extract the rotation speed from the vibration signal in the dehydration stage of the washing machine. The relevant rotation speed curve of the vibration signal part with too low SNR and energy at the descending section was found and cut, and a few outliers in the whole speed curve were corrected. The method was tested by using a certain type of a pulsator washing machine under three kinds of modes with different dehydration time. The experiment results show that the errors between tested rotation speed curve and theoretical rotation speed curve of steady stages and setting goal stages meet the error requirements of the national standard.
引文
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[14] KALKAT M.Experimentally vibration and noise analysis of two types of washing machines with a proposed neural network predictor[J].Measurement,2014,47(1):184-192.
[15] 钱静,王志伟.顶装式波轮洗衣机振动模型及其动态性能的分析[J].振动与冲击,2001,20(4):77-80.QIAN Jing,WANG Zhiwei.Modeling and dynamic analysis of washing machine[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2001,20(4):77-80.
[2] GRYLLIAS K C,ANTONIADIS I A.Estimation of the instantaneous rotation speed using complex shifted Monet wavelets[J].Mechanical Systems & Signal Processing,2013,38(1):78-95.
[3] URBANEK J,BARSZCZ T,ANTONI J.A two-step procedure for estimation of instantaneous rotational speed with large fluctuations[J].Mechanical Systems & Signal Processing,2013,38(1):96-102.
[4] ZHONG J,ZHONG S,ZHANG Q,et al.Measurement of instantaneous rotational speed using double-sine-varying-density fringe pattern[J].Mechanical Systems & Signal Processing,2018,103:117-130.
[5] 毕飞龙,廖礼军,丁毅,等.一种洗衣机内筒脱水转速的检测装置:CN,CN 203101418 U[P].2013.
[6] BOYRAZ P,GüNDüZ M.Dynamic modeling of a horizontal washing machine and optimization of vibration characteristics using Genetic Algorithms[J].Mechatronics,2013,23(6):581-593.
[7] 《家用和类似用途电动洗衣机》:CBIT 4288—2018[S].北京:中国质检出版社,2018.
[8] JUNG B K,JEONG W B.Mode selection of modal expansion method estimating vibration field of washing machine[J].Journal of Sound & Vibration,2015,340:343-353.
[9] 蔡萍.基于短时平均幅度差函数的带噪语音端点检测算法[J].河南工程学院学报(自然科学版),2014,26(3):26-29.CAI Ping.An algorithm of end-point detection of speech with noise based on short-time average magnitude difference function[J].Journal of Henan Institute of Engineering (Natural Science Edition),2014,26(3):26-29.
[10] 成新民,曾毓敏,赵力.一种改进的AMDF求取语音基音的方法[J].微电子学与计算机,2005,22(11):162-164.CHENG Xinmin,ZENG Yumin,ZHAO Li.Speech pitch determination using a improved method based on AMDF[J].Microelectronics & Computer,2005,22(11):162-164.
[11] 陈海卫,张秋菊.滚筒洗衣机瞬态脱水振动的分析与控制[J].振动与冲击,2013,32(15):47-53.CHEN Haiwei,ZHANG Qiuju.Transient vibration analysis and control on a horizontal axis washing machine during spin-drying process[J].Journal of Vibration & Shock,2013,32(15):47-53.
[12] 胡效东,闵迎亚,刘学亮,等.滚筒洗衣机箱体振动特性及模态分析[J].制造业自动化,2014(14):101-104.HU Xiaodong,MIN Yingya,LIU Xueliang,et al.Vibration characteristic and modal analysis of the cabinet of drum washing machine[J].Manufacturing Automation,2014(14):101-104.
[13] LIM H T,JEONG W B,KIM K J.Dynamic modeling and analysis of drum-type washing machine[J].International Journal of Precision Engineering & Manufacturing,2010,11(3):407-417.
[14] KALKAT M.Experimentally vibration and noise analysis of two types of washing machines with a proposed neural network predictor[J].Measurement,2014,47(1):184-192.
[15] 钱静,王志伟.顶装式波轮洗衣机振动模型及其动态性能的分析[J].振动与冲击,2001,20(4):77-80.QIAN Jing,WANG Zhiwei.Modeling and dynamic analysis of washing machine[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2001,20(4):77-80.