航空活塞式发动机瞬态空燃比控制仿真研究
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摘要
针对航空活塞式直喷发动机瞬态空燃比难以精确控制、动态超调大等问题,采用基于改进的粒子群优化算法和Elman神经网络(VPSO-Elman网络)的模型预测控制算法对发动机过渡工况空燃比进行控制。在实验数据的基础上,利用发动机建模软件AMESim建立发动机模型,在MATLAB/Simulink中建立VPSO-Elman空燃比预测模型控制系统,通过联合仿真检验控制系统的性能。结果表明:瞬态工况下,相比于比例-积分-微分(PID)控制,VPSO-Elman网络模型预测控制下的空燃比超调量可以减小约20%,回调时间缩短约75%;针对不同的节气门开度变化速率,VPSO-Elman控制器同样具有良好的控制效果。
In order to solve the problems like the large dynamic overshoot in the control of transient air-fuel ratio of aero piston engine,the model predictive control strategy based on improved particle swarm optimization algorithm and Elman(VPSO-Elman)neural network was proposed.The engine model used in the simulation was established based on a real engine in AMESim.The model predictive control system was established in MATLAB/Simulink.Coupling simulation was carried out to test the effect of the model prediction control.The simulation result shows that,compared with proportional integral derivative(PID)control,using VPSO-Elman network model prediction control the air-fuel overshoot can be reduced by 20%,callback time could be reduced by about 75%;for different throttle opening rate,VPSO-Elman controller also has a good control effect.
In order to solve the problems like the large dynamic overshoot in the control of transient air-fuel ratio of aero piston engine,the model predictive control strategy based on improved particle swarm optimization algorithm and Elman(VPSO-Elman)neural network was proposed.The engine model used in the simulation was established based on a real engine in AMESim.The model predictive control system was established in MATLAB/Simulink.Coupling simulation was carried out to test the effect of the model prediction control.The simulation result shows that,compared with proportional integral derivative(PID)control,using VPSO-Elman network model prediction control the air-fuel overshoot can be reduced by 20%,callback time could be reduced by about 75%;for different throttle opening rate,VPSO-Elman controller also has a good control effect.
引文
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[18]夏飞,黄金泉,周文祥.基于MATLAB/SIMULINK的航空发动机建模与仿真研究[J].航空动力学报,2007,22(12):2134-2138.XIA Fei,HUANG Jinquan,ZHOU Wenxiang.Modeling of and simulation research on turbofan engine based on MATLAB/SIMULINK[J].Journal of Aerospace Power,2007,22(12):2134-2138.(in Chinese)
[2]尹泽勇,李上福,李概奇.无人机动力装置的现状与发展[J].航空发动机,2007,33(1):10-15.YIN Zeyong,LI Shangfu,LI Gaiqi.Current state and development of the unmanned aerial vehicle power plants[J].Aeroengine,2007,33(1):10-15.(in Chinese)
[3]胡春明,谷俊,周浩.活塞式航空直喷发动机的燃烧特性[J].航空动力学报,2015,30(10):2368-2375.HU Chunming,GU Jun,ZHOU Hao.Combustion characteristics for direct injection piston aviation engine[J].Journal of Aerospace Power,2015,30(10):2368-2375.(in Chinese)
[4]李玉珍,高丕周,马震.电控汽油喷射改善小型无人机发动机性能的研究[J].航空学报,2004,25(3):233-236.LI Yuzhen,GAO Peizhou,MA Zhen.Research on the improvement of performance of mini-UAV’s engine by electronically controlled gasoline injection[J].Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica,2004,25(3):233-236.(in Chinese)
[5]王振宇,丁水汀,杜发荣.航空重油发动机燃油供给系统动力学模型分析[J].航空动力学报,2012,27(4):846-853.WANG Zhenyu,DING Shuiting,DU Farong.Analysis of dynamic modeling of aviation heavy oil piston engine fuel delivery system[J].Journal of Aerospace Power,2012,27(4):846-853.(in Chinese)
[6]周彰毅.新型航空活塞发动机电控系统关键技术设计及验证[D].南京:南京航空航天大学,2012ZHOU Zhangyi.Design and verification of key techniques for electronic control system on new aero piston engine[D].Nanjing:Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,2012.(in Chinese)
[7]李薛.汽油机瞬态工况空燃比控制策略仿真研究[D].长沙:长沙理工大学,2010.LI Xue.Study on simulation of transient air-fuel ratio control strategy for gasoline engine[D].Changsha:Changsha University of Science and Technology,2010.(in Chinese)
[8]范亚南.基于数据驱动的发动机空燃比预测控制[D].长春:吉林大学,2014.FAN Yanan.Data-driven based engine air-fuel ratio predictive control[D].Changchun:Jilin University,2014.(in Chinese)
[9]张青贵.人工神经网络导论[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2004:11-12.
[10]韩旭明.Elman神经网络的应用研究[D].天津:天津大学,2006.HAN Xuming.A study on application of Elman neutral network[D].Tianjin:Tianjin University,2014.(in Chinese)
[11]WEN Jinwei,ZHAO Jiali,LUO Siwei,et al.The improvements of BP neural network learning algorithm[C]∥Proceedings of 5th International Conference on Signal Processing.Beijing:IEEE,2000:1647-1649.
[12]许少华,何新贵.一种基于混沌遗传与粒子群混合优化的过程神经网络训练算法[J].控制与决策,2013,28(9):1393-1398.XU Shaohua,HE Xingui.A training algorithm of process neural networks based on CGA combined with PSO[J].Control and Decision,2013,28(9):1393-1398.(in Chinese)
[13]HIGASHI N,IBA H.Particle swarm optimization with Gaussian mutation[C]∥Swarm Intelligence Symposium.Piscataway,NJ,US:IEEE Press,2003:72-79.
[14]SCOKAERT P O M,RAWLINGS J B,MEADOWS E S.Discrete-time stability with perturbations:application to model predictive control[J].Automatica,1997,33(3):463-470.
[15]黄立波.非线性系统的神经网络模型预测控制[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨理工大学,2007.HUANG Libo.The predictive control with neural networks based on the non-linear system[D].Harbin:Harbin University of Science and Technology,2007.(in Chinese)
[16]佟哲琼.基于神经网络的非线性预测控制的研究[D].大连:大连理工大学,2006.TONG Zheqiong.Study of predictive control based no neural network in nonlinear system[D].Dalian:Dalian University of Technology,2006.(in Chinese)
[17]邓元望,贾国海.汽油机燃油控制系统联合仿真[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2011,42(2):384-390.DENG Yuanwang,JIA Guohai.Co-simulation of injection control system of gasoline engine[J].Journal of Central South University(Science and Technology),2011,42(2):384-390.(in Chinese)
[18]夏飞,黄金泉,周文祥.基于MATLAB/SIMULINK的航空发动机建模与仿真研究[J].航空动力学报,2007,22(12):2134-2138.XIA Fei,HUANG Jinquan,ZHOU Wenxiang.Modeling of and simulation research on turbofan engine based on MATLAB/SIMULINK[J].Journal of Aerospace Power,2007,22(12):2134-2138.(in Chinese)