几种糖类物质对蠋蝽取食行为选择和繁殖力的影响
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摘要
蠋蝽是一种适应能力强、捕食范围广的天敌昆虫,糖类物质是昆虫必需的营养物质,也是人工饲料中重要的营养成分和促食因子。本研究通过在蠋蝽产卵期内补充6种糖溶液,测定其繁殖力参数,并比较蠋蝽对6种糖溶液的取食行为选择,筛选出其中对蠋蝽最具吸引、促食作用最强的糖类。结果表明,糖的相对甜度大小与蠋蝽繁殖力高低无显著相关性,与行为选择有关,蠋蝽对6种糖类取食行为选择的喜好程度为蔗糖>果糖>麦芽糖>海藻糖>葡萄糖>肌醇,且都明显高于蒸馏水,表现为偏向选择甜度较高的糖类;补充6种糖类对蠋蝽繁殖力的影响为:补充麦芽糖或海藻糖溶液能显著地增加蠋蝽的繁殖力,其中补充麦芽糖的蠋蝽产卵量为323.85粒,每日每雌产卵量为6.81粒;补充海藻糖蠋蝽的产卵量为271.13粒,每日每雌产卵量为8.14粒;补充肌醇蠋蝽的繁殖力各项指标最低;补充果糖或蔗糖不能明显提高蠋蝽的繁殖力,但这两种糖类相对甜度较高,对蠋蝽的吸引作用较强,且成本也较低,可作为促食剂加入饲料中或在产卵期补充营养。本研究结果为改良人工饲料中的糖类物质促食因子和提高蠋蝽繁殖力提供了参考,也为深入研究蠋蝽人工饲料中其他种类促食因子奠定了理论基础。
Arma chinensis is a predator of many insect pests.Carbohydrate is an essential nutrient for insects and an important feeding promoting agent in artificial diet.The aim of this study was to find the most potential sugar that promotes feeding in A.chinensis through tests with six sugar solutions for ovipositing females.No significant correlation was found between sugar sweetness and A.chinensis fecundity.The predator showed different preference for the sugars,which was sucrose>fructose>maltose>trehalose>glucose>inositol>distilled water,indicating that A.chinensis preferred sweeter sugar.Supplementing with maltose and trehalose significantly increased A.chinensis fecundity,achieving life-time fecundity of 323.85 and daily oviposition of 6.81 on maltose-provided diet,and life-time fecundity of 271.13 and daily oviposition of 8.14 on trehalose-added diet.A.chinensis feeding on inositol-added diet showed the lowest oviposition.Although fructose and sucrose did not increase fecundity,they are sweeter than the other sugars and could be used as feeding promoting agent in the artificial diet.These results provide an insight for improving feeding and fecundity of A.chinensis.
Arma chinensis is a predator of many insect pests.Carbohydrate is an essential nutrient for insects and an important feeding promoting agent in artificial diet.The aim of this study was to find the most potential sugar that promotes feeding in A.chinensis through tests with six sugar solutions for ovipositing females.No significant correlation was found between sugar sweetness and A.chinensis fecundity.The predator showed different preference for the sugars,which was sucrose>fructose>maltose>trehalose>glucose>inositol>distilled water,indicating that A.chinensis preferred sweeter sugar.Supplementing with maltose and trehalose significantly increased A.chinensis fecundity,achieving life-time fecundity of 323.85 and daily oviposition of 6.81 on maltose-provided diet,and life-time fecundity of 271.13 and daily oviposition of 8.14 on trehalose-added diet.A.chinensis feeding on inositol-added diet showed the lowest oviposition.Although fructose and sucrose did not increase fecundity,they are sweeter than the other sugars and could be used as feeding promoting agent in the artificial diet.These results provide an insight for improving feeding and fecundity of A.chinensis.
引文
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[2]郑乐怡.中国的蠋蝽属Arma Hahn(半翅目:蝽科)[J].昆虫天敌,1981,3(4):28-32.
[3]赵清.中国益蝽亚科修订及蝎蝽属、辉蝽属和二星蝽属的DNA分类学研究(半翅目:蝽科)[D].天津:南开大学,2013.
[4]Zou D Y,Wang M Q,Zhang L S,et al.Taxonomic and bionomic notes on Arma chinensis(Fallou)(Hemiptera:Pentatomidae:Asopinae)[J].Zootaxa,2012,3382:41-52.
[5]陈静,张建萍,张建,等.蠋敌对双斑长跗萤叶甲成虫的捕食功能研究[J].昆虫天敌,2007,29(4):149-154.
[6]高卓.蠋蝽(Arma chinensis Fallou)生物学特性及其控制技术研究[M].哈尔滨:黑龙江大学,2010.
[7]邹德玉.取食无昆虫成分人工饲料蠋蝽的转录组研究及饲养成本分析[D].北京:中国农业科学院,2013.
[8]邹德玉,徐维红,刘佰明,等.天敌昆虫蠋蝽的研究进展与展望[J].环境昆虫学报,2016,38(4):857-865.
[9]高长启,王志明,于恩裕.蠋蝽人工饲养技术的研究[J].吉林林业科技,1993(2):16-18.
[10]李娇娇,张长华,易忠经,等.三种猎物对蠋蝽生长发育和繁殖的影响[J].中国生物防治学报,2016,32(5):553-561.
[11]Zou D Y,Wu H H,Coudron T A,et al.A meridic diet for continuous rearing of Arma chinensis(Hemiptera:Pentatomidae:Asopinae)[J].Biological Control,2013,67(3):491-497.
[12]Zou D Y,Coudron T A,Zhang L S,et al.Nutrigenomics in Arma chinensis(Hemiptera:Pentatomidae:Asopinae):Transcriptomes analysis of Arma chinensis fed on artificial diet and Chinese oak silk moth pupae[J].PLo S ONE,2013,8(4):e60881.
[13]Zou D Y,Coudron T A,Wu H H,et al.Performance and cost comparisons for continuous rearing of Arma chinensis(Hemiptera:Pentatomidae:Asopinae)on a zoophytogenous artificial diet and a secondary prey[J].Journal of Economic Entomology,2015,108(2):454-461.
[14]Ramirez I.Why do sugars taste good?[J].Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews,1990,14(2):125-134.
[15]Beck S D.A bimodal response to dietary sugars by an insect[J].Biological Bulletin,1956,110(3):219-228.
[16]钦俊德.植食性昆虫的食性和营养[J].昆虫学报,1962,11(2):169-185.
[17]吴坤君,李明辉.棉铃虫营养生态学研究:食物中糖含量的影响[J].昆虫学报,1992,35(1):47-52.
[18]黄娟娟,丁斌杰,舒晓晗,等.取食不同种类糖对中红侧沟茧蜂寿命和卵成熟的影响[J].环境昆虫学报,2015,37(3):617-622.
[19]Chang L T.The sweetness of sugars[J].Journal of South China University of Technology(Natural Science Edition),2002,30(1):89-91.
[20]Thorsteinson A J.Host selection in phytophagous insects[J].Annual Review of Entomology,1960,5:193-218.
[21]张力田.糖的甜味[J].甘蔗糖业,1978,3:20-28.
[22]李亚文.20t/a肌醇工程可行性研究报告[J].精细化工,1991,8(4):10-17.
[23]陈顺纶主编.中国商品大辞典(药品分册)[M].北京:中国商业出版社,1992,257.
[24]Thompson S N.Trehalose-the insect‘blood’sugar[J].Advances in Insect Physiology,2003,31:205-285.
[25]于彩虹,卢丹,林荣华,等.海藻糖-昆虫的血糖[J].昆虫知识,2008,45(5):832-837.
[26]Shukla E,Thorat L J,Nath B B.et al.Insect trehalase:Physiological significance and potential applications[J].Glycobiology,2015,25(4):357-367.
[27]Wen X,Wang S,Duman J G,et al.Antifreeze proteins govern the precipitation of trehalose in a freezing-avoiding insect at low temperature[J].Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,2016,113(24):6683-6688.
[2]郑乐怡.中国的蠋蝽属Arma Hahn(半翅目:蝽科)[J].昆虫天敌,1981,3(4):28-32.
[3]赵清.中国益蝽亚科修订及蝎蝽属、辉蝽属和二星蝽属的DNA分类学研究(半翅目:蝽科)[D].天津:南开大学,2013.
[4]Zou D Y,Wang M Q,Zhang L S,et al.Taxonomic and bionomic notes on Arma chinensis(Fallou)(Hemiptera:Pentatomidae:Asopinae)[J].Zootaxa,2012,3382:41-52.
[5]陈静,张建萍,张建,等.蠋敌对双斑长跗萤叶甲成虫的捕食功能研究[J].昆虫天敌,2007,29(4):149-154.
[6]高卓.蠋蝽(Arma chinensis Fallou)生物学特性及其控制技术研究[M].哈尔滨:黑龙江大学,2010.
[7]邹德玉.取食无昆虫成分人工饲料蠋蝽的转录组研究及饲养成本分析[D].北京:中国农业科学院,2013.
[8]邹德玉,徐维红,刘佰明,等.天敌昆虫蠋蝽的研究进展与展望[J].环境昆虫学报,2016,38(4):857-865.
[9]高长启,王志明,于恩裕.蠋蝽人工饲养技术的研究[J].吉林林业科技,1993(2):16-18.
[10]李娇娇,张长华,易忠经,等.三种猎物对蠋蝽生长发育和繁殖的影响[J].中国生物防治学报,2016,32(5):553-561.
[11]Zou D Y,Wu H H,Coudron T A,et al.A meridic diet for continuous rearing of Arma chinensis(Hemiptera:Pentatomidae:Asopinae)[J].Biological Control,2013,67(3):491-497.
[12]Zou D Y,Coudron T A,Zhang L S,et al.Nutrigenomics in Arma chinensis(Hemiptera:Pentatomidae:Asopinae):Transcriptomes analysis of Arma chinensis fed on artificial diet and Chinese oak silk moth pupae[J].PLo S ONE,2013,8(4):e60881.
[13]Zou D Y,Coudron T A,Wu H H,et al.Performance and cost comparisons for continuous rearing of Arma chinensis(Hemiptera:Pentatomidae:Asopinae)on a zoophytogenous artificial diet and a secondary prey[J].Journal of Economic Entomology,2015,108(2):454-461.
[14]Ramirez I.Why do sugars taste good?[J].Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews,1990,14(2):125-134.
[15]Beck S D.A bimodal response to dietary sugars by an insect[J].Biological Bulletin,1956,110(3):219-228.
[16]钦俊德.植食性昆虫的食性和营养[J].昆虫学报,1962,11(2):169-185.
[17]吴坤君,李明辉.棉铃虫营养生态学研究:食物中糖含量的影响[J].昆虫学报,1992,35(1):47-52.
[18]黄娟娟,丁斌杰,舒晓晗,等.取食不同种类糖对中红侧沟茧蜂寿命和卵成熟的影响[J].环境昆虫学报,2015,37(3):617-622.
[19]Chang L T.The sweetness of sugars[J].Journal of South China University of Technology(Natural Science Edition),2002,30(1):89-91.
[20]Thorsteinson A J.Host selection in phytophagous insects[J].Annual Review of Entomology,1960,5:193-218.
[21]张力田.糖的甜味[J].甘蔗糖业,1978,3:20-28.
[22]李亚文.20t/a肌醇工程可行性研究报告[J].精细化工,1991,8(4):10-17.
[23]陈顺纶主编.中国商品大辞典(药品分册)[M].北京:中国商业出版社,1992,257.
[24]Thompson S N.Trehalose-the insect‘blood’sugar[J].Advances in Insect Physiology,2003,31:205-285.
[25]于彩虹,卢丹,林荣华,等.海藻糖-昆虫的血糖[J].昆虫知识,2008,45(5):832-837.
[26]Shukla E,Thorat L J,Nath B B.et al.Insect trehalase:Physiological significance and potential applications[J].Glycobiology,2015,25(4):357-367.
[27]Wen X,Wang S,Duman J G,et al.Antifreeze proteins govern the precipitation of trehalose in a freezing-avoiding insect at low temperature[J].Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,2016,113(24):6683-6688.