硅铝镁复配阻燃剂改性混合纤维发泡材料
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摘要
探究改善混合纤维发泡材料阻燃性能的复配阻燃剂的制备工艺.以水玻璃、硫酸镁、硫酸铝为阻燃剂配方,设计正交试验制备试样,对改性材料燃烧性能如氧指数LOI、残炭率进行测试并分析,筛选出具有优良阻燃效果的阻燃剂配方。利用EDS分析元素分布,阻燃溶剂总量180mL,n(Al)/n(Mg)/n(SiO2)=1∶0.5∶0.5,阻燃剂添加方式为分开添加,且镁盐铝盐先于硅酸盐加入,采用内添法,以此工艺制备的改性混合植物纤维发泡材料阻燃性能最佳.其中,阻燃剂的添加方式是影响实验试样燃烧性能最主要的因素,其次是复配成分浓度比例和阻燃剂添加量。结果表明,该配方改性试剂内添至作者研制的混合生物质纤维发泡材料中,试样的极限LOI值达35.3%,材料的燃烧等级可至"难燃",阻燃性能得到明显改善,优于其他学者所做实验。
In order to explore the preparation process of improving the flame retardancy of mixed fiber foamed material,the samples were prepared by taking water glass,magnesium sulfate and aluminum sulfate as flame retardant formulations through orthogonal test.The specimen combustibility such as oxygen index LOI and carbon residue rate were tested and analyzed.Finally the flame retardant formulations with excellent flame retardancy were screened out.EDS is used to analyze the distribution of elements.The results showed that total amount of flame retardant solvent was180 mL and mole ratio of Al/Mg/SiO2 was 1∶0.5∶0.5.The way of adding water glass solution,aluminum sulfate and magnesium sulfate as flame retardant is an application of internal addition method.The preparation of the flame retardancy of flame retardant mixed plant fiber foam material by this process is best.The addition mode of the flame retardant is the most important factor affecting the combustion performance of the sample,and the second one is the proportion of compound composition and the addition of flame retardants.When adding the formula to the mixed biomass fiber foaming material developed by the author,the limit LOI value of the sample is 32.3%,the combustion grade of the material can be"hard to burn",and the flame retardancy is improved obviously,which is superior to the experiments done by other scholars.
In order to explore the preparation process of improving the flame retardancy of mixed fiber foamed material,the samples were prepared by taking water glass,magnesium sulfate and aluminum sulfate as flame retardant formulations through orthogonal test.The specimen combustibility such as oxygen index LOI and carbon residue rate were tested and analyzed.Finally the flame retardant formulations with excellent flame retardancy were screened out.EDS is used to analyze the distribution of elements.The results showed that total amount of flame retardant solvent was180 mL and mole ratio of Al/Mg/SiO2 was 1∶0.5∶0.5.The way of adding water glass solution,aluminum sulfate and magnesium sulfate as flame retardant is an application of internal addition method.The preparation of the flame retardancy of flame retardant mixed plant fiber foam material by this process is best.The addition mode of the flame retardant is the most important factor affecting the combustion performance of the sample,and the second one is the proportion of compound composition and the addition of flame retardants.When adding the formula to the mixed biomass fiber foaming material developed by the author,the limit LOI value of the sample is 32.3%,the combustion grade of the material can be"hard to burn",and the flame retardancy is improved obviously,which is superior to the experiments done by other scholars.
引文
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[10]Liu Jinghong.Study on the flame retardancy and mechanism of ultra light material based on wood fiber[D].Fuzhou:Fujian Agriculture And Forestry University,2013:37-45.刘景宏.木材纤维基超轻质材料的阻燃性能及机理研究[D].福州:福建农林大学,2013:37-45.
[11]Fan Jiadong,Jiang Huaidong.Coherent X-ray diffraction imaging and its application in materials and Biology[J].Journal of Physics,2012(21):515-528.范家东,江怀东.相干X射线衍射成像技术及在材料学和生物学中的应用[J].物理学报,2012(21):515-528.
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[14]Liu Hong,Shao Jun,Liang Jing.Morphology and flocculation mechanism of polysilicon sulfuric acid[J].Journal of environment,2008,2(4):476-481.刘红,邵俊,粱晶,等.聚硅硫酸的形貌结构和絮凝机理[J].环境学报,2008,2(4):476-481.
[15]Cai Lili,Xie Yongque,Zhuang Qingping.Effect of polysilic acid silver sulfate on the flame retardancy of ultra light plant fiber based materials[J].Journal of Beijing Forestry University,2014,36(5):136-141.蔡丽丽,谢拥群,庄清平,等.聚硅酸硫酸银对超轻质植物纤维基材料阻燃性能的影响[J].北京林业大学学报,2014,36(5):136-141.
[16]Wei Kangcheng,Li Jianbo,Chen Caiwu,et al.Application of scanning electron microscopy in wood industry[J].Forestry Machinery&Woodworking Equipment,2013(1):47-59.魏康成,李建波,陈才武,等.扫描电镜技术在木材工业中的应用[J].林业机械与木工设备,2013(1):47-59.
[2]Li Chao,Hui Lanfeng,Liu Zhong.The progress and trends of flame retardant paper[J].China Pulp&Paper Industry,2010,31(23):62-66.李超,惠岚峰,刘忠.阻燃纸的研发现状及趋势[J].中华纸业,2010,31(23):62-66.
[3]Liu Xiaomei,Wu Yiqiang,Yao Chunhua,et al.Bonding and flame retardant properties of Na2SiO3based wood adhesives[J].Journal of Central South University of Forestry&Technology,2012,32(1):24-27.刘晓梅,吴义强,姚春花,等.Na2SiO3基木材胶粘剂的胶合与阻燃特性[J].中南大学林业学报,2012,32(1):24-27.
[4]Zhang Huiying.Optimization of the formula of waste paper fiber foamed material and the study of microwave foaming process[D].Wuxi:Jiangnan Universuty,2013:23-24.张惠莹.废纸纤维发泡材料的配方优化及微波发泡工艺研究[D].无锡:江南大学,2013:23-24.
[5]Chen Tingjie.Study on mechanical properties and mechanism of silica alumina sol-gel reinforced wood fiber composite[D].Fuzhou:Fujian Agriculture And Forestry University,2016:22-23.陈汀杰.硅铝溶胶-凝胶增强木质纤维复合材料力学性能及机理研究[D].福州:福建农林大学,2016:22-23.
[6]Lin Zhen,Niu Min,Xie Yongqun.Mechanical properties of plant fiber foamed materials reinforced by adding water glass[J].Journal of Fujian Agriculture And Forestry University(NATURAL Edition),2013,42(4):433-437.林振,牛敏,谢拥群.添加水玻璃增强植物纤维发泡材料的力学性能[J].福建农林大学学报(自然版),2013,42(4):433-437.
[7]GB/T 8626-2007Test method for combustibility of building materials[S].Beijing:China Standard Press,2007.GB/T 8626-2007建筑材料可燃性试验方法[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2007.
[8]Niu M,Hagman O,Wang X A,et al.Effect of Si-Al compounds on fire properties of ultra-low density fiberboard[J].Bio-Resources,2014,9(2):2415-2430.
[9]GB/T 8624-2006 Classification method for combustion performance of building materials[S].Beijing:China Standard Press,2006.GB/T 8624-2006建筑材料燃烧性能分级方法[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2006.
[10]Liu Jinghong.Study on the flame retardancy and mechanism of ultra light material based on wood fiber[D].Fuzhou:Fujian Agriculture And Forestry University,2013:37-45.刘景宏.木材纤维基超轻质材料的阻燃性能及机理研究[D].福州:福建农林大学,2013:37-45.
[11]Fan Jiadong,Jiang Huaidong.Coherent X-ray diffraction imaging and its application in materials and Biology[J].Journal of Physics,2012(21):515-528.范家东,江怀东.相干X射线衍射成像技术及在材料学和生物学中的应用[J].物理学报,2012(21):515-528.
[12]Hao J A,Yang B,Zhang X Q,et al.New seawater flocculants[J].Advanced Materials Research,2014,989-994:203-207.
[13]Waijarean N,Asavapisit S,Sombatsompop K,et al.The effect of the Si/Al ratio on the properties of water treatment residue(WTR)-based geopolymers[J].Key Engineering Materials,2014,60(8):289-294.
[14]Liu Hong,Shao Jun,Liang Jing.Morphology and flocculation mechanism of polysilicon sulfuric acid[J].Journal of environment,2008,2(4):476-481.刘红,邵俊,粱晶,等.聚硅硫酸的形貌结构和絮凝机理[J].环境学报,2008,2(4):476-481.
[15]Cai Lili,Xie Yongque,Zhuang Qingping.Effect of polysilic acid silver sulfate on the flame retardancy of ultra light plant fiber based materials[J].Journal of Beijing Forestry University,2014,36(5):136-141.蔡丽丽,谢拥群,庄清平,等.聚硅酸硫酸银对超轻质植物纤维基材料阻燃性能的影响[J].北京林业大学学报,2014,36(5):136-141.
[16]Wei Kangcheng,Li Jianbo,Chen Caiwu,et al.Application of scanning electron microscopy in wood industry[J].Forestry Machinery&Woodworking Equipment,2013(1):47-59.魏康成,李建波,陈才武,等.扫描电镜技术在木材工业中的应用[J].林业机械与木工设备,2013(1):47-59.