新疆昌吉油页岩与煤混合燃烧特性研究
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摘要
为了充分利用新疆昌吉地区低热值的油页岩,将油页岩和准东煤进行混合燃烧,利用热重分析仪(TG)、灰熔点测定仪、电感耦合等离子体发射光谱仪(ICP-OES)等手段对其混合燃料的燃烧特性、灰熔点变化及Na的挥发进行充分研究。结果表明:随着灰中碱性氧化物和酸性氧化物质量比(B/A)的降低(油页岩比例升高),混合燃料的着火温度和燃尽温度逐渐升高,可燃性和燃烧特性降低;随着B/A的降低,混合燃料的灰熔点先下降后上升,当B/A为1.67时,灰中各组分比例正好位于低温共融区域,导致灰熔点降低;随着B/A的降低,Na元素的挥发呈先快速下降后缓慢上升的趋势,当燃烧温度为850℃、B/A为1.44时,Na挥发降至最低;油页岩可将煤中的Na固定至灰中,有效地抑制了Na挥发,为油页岩的高效利用提供了新途径。
In order to make full use of the low calorific value oil shale in Changji area of Xinjiang, the oil shale and Zhundong coal were co-fired, and the combustion characteristics, ash fusion point and sodium volatilization were fully studied by means of thermogravimetric analyzer(TG), ash melting point tester and inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometer(ICP-OES). The experimental results show that, with the decrease of mass ratio of basic oxides to acidic oxides(B/A) in the ash, namely with the increase of blending ratio of oil shale, the ignition temperature and burnout temperature of the mixed fuel increased gradually, so the flammability and combustion characteristics decreased.With the decrease of B/A, the ash melting point of the mixed fuel decreased at first and then rose, when the B/A reached 1.67, the proportion of each component in the ash was located in the low temperature co-melting region, which led to a decrease in ash melting point. With the decrease of B/A, the volatilization of sodium element decreased rapidly and then slowly rose. When the combustion temperature was850 ℃ and the B/A was 1.44, the sodium volatilization reached the minimal value. The oil shale can fix the sodium element into the ash, which effectively suppressed the volatilization of Na. The result provides a new way for utilization of Changji oil shale.
In order to make full use of the low calorific value oil shale in Changji area of Xinjiang, the oil shale and Zhundong coal were co-fired, and the combustion characteristics, ash fusion point and sodium volatilization were fully studied by means of thermogravimetric analyzer(TG), ash melting point tester and inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometer(ICP-OES). The experimental results show that, with the decrease of mass ratio of basic oxides to acidic oxides(B/A) in the ash, namely with the increase of blending ratio of oil shale, the ignition temperature and burnout temperature of the mixed fuel increased gradually, so the flammability and combustion characteristics decreased.With the decrease of B/A, the ash melting point of the mixed fuel decreased at first and then rose, when the B/A reached 1.67, the proportion of each component in the ash was located in the low temperature co-melting region, which led to a decrease in ash melting point. With the decrease of B/A, the volatilization of sodium element decreased rapidly and then slowly rose. When the combustion temperature was850 ℃ and the B/A was 1.44, the sodium volatilization reached the minimal value. The oil shale can fix the sodium element into the ash, which effectively suppressed the volatilization of Na. The result provides a new way for utilization of Changji oil shale.
引文
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[16]傅勇强,汪华剑,李奎,等.燃用准东煤锅炉渣样形貌及矿物组成特征[J].热力发电,2015,44(7):18-22.FU Yongqiang,WANG Huajian,LI Kui,et al.Experimental study on morphology and mineral composition of slag from a Zhundong coal-fired power plant[J].Thermal Power Generation,2015,44(7):18-22.
[2]彭雪峰,汪立今,田继军,等.新疆油页岩资源的开发利用研究[J].中国矿业,2010,19(11):109-111.PENG Xuefeng,WANG Lijin,TIAN Jijun,et al.Study on development and utilization of oil shale resource in Xinjiang[J].China Mining Magazine,2010,19(11):109-111.
[3]DYNI J R.Geology and resources of some world oil-shale deposits[J].Oil Shale,2003,20(3):193-252.
[4]晏建波,王海蓉,梁栋,等.油页岩掺混煤的燃烧性能与排放性能[J].燃烧科学与技术,2014,20(2):158-163.YAN Jianbo,WANG Hairong,LIANG Dong,et al.Combustion and emission performance of oil shale mixed with coal[J].Journal of Combustion Science and Technology,2014,20(2):158-163.
[5]李萍,吴国光,苗真勇,等.油页岩半焦与煤混合燃烧特性研究[J].煤炭转化,2010,33(1):61-64.LI Ping,WU Guoguang,MIAO Zhenyong,et al.Study on combustion performance of oil shale semi-coke and coals blends[J].Coal Conversion,2010,33(1):61-64.
[6]田红,廖正祝.油页岩与煤混烧热重试验研究[J].热力发电,2015,44(2):36-41.TIAN Hong,LIAO Zhengzhu.Thermogravimetric experiment about mixed combustion of oil shale and coal[J].Thermal Power Generation,2015,44(2):36-41.
[7]王鹏辉,盖志杰,赵建刚,等.准东煤掺烧油页岩试验研究[J].中国煤炭,2016,42(8):82-86.WANG Penghui,GAI Zhijie,ZHAO Jiangang,et al.Experimental study on co-firing of Zhundong coal with oil shale[J].China Coal,2016,42(8):82-86.
[8]赵冰,王嘉瑞,王鹏辉,等.100 MW机组锅炉油页岩掺烧准东煤试验[J].热力发电,2017,46(7):103-109.ZHAO Bing,WANG Jiarui,WANG Penghui,et al.Experiments about co-firing shale with Zhundong coal in a 100 MW unit boiler[J].Thermal Power Generation,2017,46(7):103-109.
[9]LI J,ZHU M,ZHANG Z,et al.The mineralogy,morphology and sintering characteristics of ash deposits on a probe at different temperatures during combustion of blends of Zhundong lignite and a bituminous coal in a drop tube furnace[J].Fuel Processing Technology,2016,149:176-186.
[10]肖毅,李瑛,史晓君.生石灰对褐煤燃烧特性的影响[J].煤炭转化,2012,35(4):64-68.XIAO Yi,LI Ying,SHI Xiaojun.Effect of quicklime on combustion characteristics of lignite[J].Coal Conversion,2012,35(4):64-68.
[11]李瑞连,杜梅芳,乌晓江,等.高岭土对准东高碱煤煤灰熔融特性影响的量子化学与实验研究[J].燃料化学学报,2016,44(5):513-520.LI Ruilian,DU Meifang,WU Xiaojiang,et al.Effect of kaolin on the ash fusion characteristics of high alkali Zhundong coal:a quantum chemistry and experimental study[J].Journal of Fuel Chemical Technology,2016,44(5):513-520.
[12]WEI B,WANG X,TAN H,et al.Effect of siliconaluminum additives on ash fusion and ash mineral conversion of Xinjiang high-sodium coal[J].Fuel,2016,181:1224-1229.
[13]LU Y,WANG Y,ZHAO Y,et al.The characteristics of mineralogy,morphology and sintering during co-combustion of Zhundong coal and oil shale[J].RSCAdvances,2017,7(81):51036-51045.
[14]WANG J R,CHEN F,ZHAO B,et al.Volatilization and transformation behavior of sodium species at high temperature and its influence on ash fusion temperatures[J].Fuel Processing Technology,2016,155(7):209-215.
[15]LI G,WANG C,YAN Y,et al.Release and transformation of sodium during combustion of Zhundong coals[J].Journal of the Energy Institute,2015,29(1):48-56.
[16]傅勇强,汪华剑,李奎,等.燃用准东煤锅炉渣样形貌及矿物组成特征[J].热力发电,2015,44(7):18-22.FU Yongqiang,WANG Huajian,LI Kui,et al.Experimental study on morphology and mineral composition of slag from a Zhundong coal-fired power plant[J].Thermal Power Generation,2015,44(7):18-22.