社会力量参与广州“图书馆之城”建设:模式、问题与经验
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摘要
截至2018年10月,广州地区社会力量参与建成图书馆或服务点共34所,探索出"协议合作式""政府购买式""专业改造式""社会众筹式"四种基本建设模式。选取四个代表性图书馆展开案例研究,对相关负责人进行半结构化访谈,探寻四种建设模式的具体运作方式。综合数据调查结果发现:社会力量参与广州"图书馆之城"建设过程中,主要存在部分合作企业配合度不高、人员流失率高、服务提供缺乏专业性、服务内容及形式较为单一等问题。为此,广州在"图书馆之城"建设中推出系列举措,以提升社会力量参与图书馆总分馆体系建设的数量及质量,包括:建立互利合作共建机制,提供开放性合作平台;加强人才队伍建设,提高专业化服务水平;坚持标准化建设,提升服务内容和质量;打造城市"第三空间",建立第三方评估机制,强化社会参与意识,等等。
Till October 2018,34 libraries have been constructed under the cooperation between social forces and the government of Guangzhou. There are four patterns for social forces participating in constructing "City of the Library":cooperation by agreement(public libraries and social forces reach agreements to set up the libraries),government purchase(government purchases library services from professional organizations through open bidding),professional transformation(under the instruction of central library,the independent library run by social forces become a part of the central-branch library system) and social crowd-funding(social forces start a crowd-funding to involve a public library construction). Four representative libraries are selected to be analyzed,and their managers are interviewed. This study finds out that there are several common problems between the cooperation, such as low coordination, high turnover rate, lack of professional service provision, and single service content. Thus, an open cooperation platform is built to establish a mutually beneficial mechanism;professional personnel trainings are conducted to improve the service quality;some branch libraries are required to conform to the unified standardization so as to enhance the library services. In addition,a third-party evaluation management method has been published,which stresses that social forces involvement is essential.
Till October 2018,34 libraries have been constructed under the cooperation between social forces and the government of Guangzhou. There are four patterns for social forces participating in constructing "City of the Library":cooperation by agreement(public libraries and social forces reach agreements to set up the libraries),government purchase(government purchases library services from professional organizations through open bidding),professional transformation(under the instruction of central library,the independent library run by social forces become a part of the central-branch library system) and social crowd-funding(social forces start a crowd-funding to involve a public library construction). Four representative libraries are selected to be analyzed,and their managers are interviewed. This study finds out that there are several common problems between the cooperation, such as low coordination, high turnover rate, lack of professional service provision, and single service content. Thus, an open cooperation platform is built to establish a mutually beneficial mechanism;professional personnel trainings are conducted to improve the service quality;some branch libraries are required to conform to the unified standardization so as to enhance the library services. In addition,a third-party evaluation management method has been published,which stresses that social forces involvement is essential.
引文
[1]邓银花.社会力量参与图书馆建设的缘由、模式和激励[J].图书馆杂志,2014(2):14-19.
[2]王素芳,于良芝,邱冠华,等.社会力量参与图书馆建设制度保障研究[J].中国图书馆学报,2010(4):4-9.
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[10]王子舟.伟大的力量来自于哪里---解读社会力量办馆助馆[J].中国图书馆学报,2010(3):26-33.
[11]中华人民共和国文化和旅游部.文化部、新闻出版广电总局、体育总局、发展改革委、财政部关于印发《关于推进县级文化馆图书馆总分馆制建设的指导意见》的通知[EB/OL].[2018-12-01].http://zwgk.mct.gov.cn/auto255/201701/t20170118_477688.html.
[12]黄宙辉.广图星汇云城分馆今早开启服务[N].羊城晚报,2018-10-31(A11G).
[13]李红.实行整体外包服务的三个公共图书馆的建设[J].图书馆杂志,2017(1):33-37.
[14]满天星青少年公益发展中心.兴仁书院社区图书馆[EB/OL].[2018-12-01].http://www.starscn.org/Home/point/detail/id/17.html.
[15]李少鹏.街镇图书馆专业化改造探索---以广州图书馆示范分馆建设为例[J].图书馆论坛,2015(3):21-25.
[16]王子舟,尹培丽,吴汉华.中国民间图书馆的多样化特征、信息化水平与其公共空间效用[J].中国图书馆学报,2013(3):77-78.
[17]张靖,谭丽琼.公共图书馆发展之馆校合作---以广州图书馆与中山大学合作为例[J].图书馆论坛,2016(12):76-80.
[18]广州图书馆.广州图书馆示范性分馆(分馆)合作共建征集公告[EB/OL].[2018-12-01].http://www.gzlib.gov.cn/ysCommunitySvcldtsgzsfg/index.jhtml.
[19]冯天宇,倪睿.打造“第三空间”:读屏时代公共图书馆功能定位再思考[J].大学图书情报学刊,2017(4):14-18.
[20]孔玉华,叶振贤.政府主导、社会参与创新图书馆总分馆服务体系---以黄埔区图书馆“华新园分馆”为例[J].办公室业务,2018(1):161-162,172.
[2]王素芳,于良芝,邱冠华,等.社会力量参与图书馆建设制度保障研究[J].中国图书馆学报,2010(4):4-9.
[3]中央人民政府.国务院办公厅转发文化部等部门关于做好政府向社会力量购买公共文化服务工作意见的通知[EB/OL].[2018-12-01].http://www.gov.cn/zhengce/content/2015-05/11/content_9723.htm.
[4]广州市人民代表大会常务委员会.广州市公共图书馆条例[EB/OL].[2018-12-01].http://www.rd.gz.cn/page.do?pa=2c9ec0233a0016bd013a00366ab30059&guid=40c837feb34743aea02eb8d4a48913fc&og=402881cd27e001000127e13e5c4d08ed.
[5]广州图书馆.广州市“图书馆之城”建设规划(2015-2020)[EB/OL].[2018-12-01].http://www.gzlib.gov.cn/policiesRegulations/148307.jhtml.
[6]广州图书馆.广州市公共图书馆服务规范[EB/OL].[2018-12-01].http://www.gzlib.gov.cn/policies Regulations/146589.jhtml.
[7]张诗阳,周远,陈丽纳,等.进展、经验与反思:广州“图书馆之城”建设(2014-2017)[J].图书馆论坛,2018(10):17-24.
[8]广州图书馆.广州市“图书馆之城”建设2017年度报告[M].广州:广州出版社,2018.
[9]黄娟,彦韬,魏群义.社会力量对我国图书馆的慈善与公益援助研究---基于图书馆慈善与公益的援助模式、困境与发展方向分析[J].图书情报工作,2012(3):6-99,42.
[10]王子舟.伟大的力量来自于哪里---解读社会力量办馆助馆[J].中国图书馆学报,2010(3):26-33.
[11]中华人民共和国文化和旅游部.文化部、新闻出版广电总局、体育总局、发展改革委、财政部关于印发《关于推进县级文化馆图书馆总分馆制建设的指导意见》的通知[EB/OL].[2018-12-01].http://zwgk.mct.gov.cn/auto255/201701/t20170118_477688.html.
[12]黄宙辉.广图星汇云城分馆今早开启服务[N].羊城晚报,2018-10-31(A11G).
[13]李红.实行整体外包服务的三个公共图书馆的建设[J].图书馆杂志,2017(1):33-37.
[14]满天星青少年公益发展中心.兴仁书院社区图书馆[EB/OL].[2018-12-01].http://www.starscn.org/Home/point/detail/id/17.html.
[15]李少鹏.街镇图书馆专业化改造探索---以广州图书馆示范分馆建设为例[J].图书馆论坛,2015(3):21-25.
[16]王子舟,尹培丽,吴汉华.中国民间图书馆的多样化特征、信息化水平与其公共空间效用[J].中国图书馆学报,2013(3):77-78.
[17]张靖,谭丽琼.公共图书馆发展之馆校合作---以广州图书馆与中山大学合作为例[J].图书馆论坛,2016(12):76-80.
[18]广州图书馆.广州图书馆示范性分馆(分馆)合作共建征集公告[EB/OL].[2018-12-01].http://www.gzlib.gov.cn/ysCommunitySvcldtsgzsfg/index.jhtml.
[19]冯天宇,倪睿.打造“第三空间”:读屏时代公共图书馆功能定位再思考[J].大学图书情报学刊,2017(4):14-18.
[20]孔玉华,叶振贤.政府主导、社会参与创新图书馆总分馆服务体系---以黄埔区图书馆“华新园分馆”为例[J].办公室业务,2018(1):161-162,172.