2012-2017年青岛市疟疾疫情分析
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摘要
目的分析2012-2017年青岛市疟疾疫情及其流行特征,为该市疟疾防控提供参考依据。方法收集2012-2017年中国疾病预防控制信息系统传染病报告信息管理系统和寄生虫病防治信息管理系统中青岛市疟疾病例及流行病学资料,分析疟疾疫情及流行特征。结果 2012-2017年青岛市共报告疟疾病例103例,均为境外输入性疟疾。其中输入地为非洲98例(95.15%),亚洲5例(4.85%);实验室确诊病例92例(89.32%),临床诊断病例11例(10.68%);2016年发病率最高,为0.28/10万;恶性疟87例(84.47%)、间日疟13例(12.62%),卵形疟3例(2.91%)。疟疾病例以青壮年男性为主,男女比例为19.6∶1。各月均有病例报告,发病季节不明显。初诊和确诊单位均以地市级医疗机构为主,从发病到确诊中位时间为4 d。1例病例死亡,无复发、再燃和输入性继发病例发生。结论 2012-2017年青岛市已无本地感染疟疾病例,做好输入性疟疾防控是今后工作的重点。
Objective To investigate the epidemic situation and its epidemic characteristics of malaria in Qingdao City from2012 to 2017, so as to provide the evidence for the prevention and control of malaria in this city. Methods The data of cases and epidemiological characteristics of malaria in Qingdao City, 2012-2017 were collected from the China's disease prevention and control system infectious disease report information management system and parasitic disease prevention and control information management system, and analyzed. Results A total of 103 cases of malaria were reported in Qingdao City from 2012 to2017, and all of them were imported. Among them, 98(95.15%) were imported from Africa and 5(4.85%) from Asia. There were 92 laboratory confirmed cases(89.32%) and 11(10.68%) clinically diagnosed cases. The highest incidence occurred in2016(0.28/105). According to the classification of cases, there were 87 falciparum malaria cases(84.47%), 13 vivax malaria cases( 12.62%), and 3 ovale malaria cases(2.91%). These patients were mainly young men, and the male to female ratio was19.6 : 1. There were malaria case reports in each month, and the peak onset season was not obvious. Newly diagnosed and confirmed units were mainly municipal medical institutions; the median of onset-definite diagnosis was 4 days. There was one death case, but there were no recurrence, reurning, and impoted secondary cases. Conclusion There were no local malaria cases in Qingdao City from 2012 to 2017. The prevention and control of imported malaria is the focus of the future work.
Objective To investigate the epidemic situation and its epidemic characteristics of malaria in Qingdao City from2012 to 2017, so as to provide the evidence for the prevention and control of malaria in this city. Methods The data of cases and epidemiological characteristics of malaria in Qingdao City, 2012-2017 were collected from the China's disease prevention and control system infectious disease report information management system and parasitic disease prevention and control information management system, and analyzed. Results A total of 103 cases of malaria were reported in Qingdao City from 2012 to2017, and all of them were imported. Among them, 98(95.15%) were imported from Africa and 5(4.85%) from Asia. There were 92 laboratory confirmed cases(89.32%) and 11(10.68%) clinically diagnosed cases. The highest incidence occurred in2016(0.28/105). According to the classification of cases, there were 87 falciparum malaria cases(84.47%), 13 vivax malaria cases( 12.62%), and 3 ovale malaria cases(2.91%). These patients were mainly young men, and the male to female ratio was19.6 : 1. There were malaria case reports in each month, and the peak onset season was not obvious. Newly diagnosed and confirmed units were mainly municipal medical institutions; the median of onset-definite diagnosis was 4 days. There was one death case, but there were no recurrence, reurning, and impoted secondary cases. Conclusion There were no local malaria cases in Qingdao City from 2012 to 2017. The prevention and control of imported malaria is the focus of the future work.
引文
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[8]谢轶青,何明祯,朱世英.江苏省常州市疟疾流行与防治历程及消除措施和评价[J].中国热带医学,2016,16(6):514-522.
[9]付仁龙,彭国华,凌军,等.江西省南昌市疟疾流行与防治历程及消除措施和评价[J].中国热带医学,2016,16(6):513-517.
[10]WHO.World Malaria Report 2014[R].Geneva:World Health Organization,2014:32-41.
[11]齐小秋.疟疾防治手册[M].3版.北京:人民卫生出版社,2007:22.
[12]夏菁,蔡顺祥,林文,等.2013年湖北省疟疾疫情流行病学分析[J].中国血吸虫病防治杂志,2015,27(2):186-188.
[13]曹俊,周水森,周华云,等.中国疟疾从控制走向消除--消除阶段的目标策略和措施[J].中国血吸虫病防治杂志,2013,25(5):439-443.
[2]王德琴,孙洪恩,陆复秀,等.青岛市基本消灭疟疾及净化疟区的研究[J].中国病原生物学杂志,1989,2(1):24.
[3]许艳,孔祥礼,赵长磊,等.2014年山东省疟疾疫情流行病学分析[J].中国血吸虫病防治杂志,2016,28(1):30-33.
[4]孔祥礼,赵长磊,王用斌,等.山东省消除疟疾行动计划中期评估报告[J].中国热带医学,2016,16(4):311-316.
[5]孔祥礼,赵长磊,卜秀芹,等.2013年山东省疟疾疫情分析及防控策略探讨[J].中国血吸虫病防治杂志,2014,26(4):387-390,398.
[6]丰俊,夏志贵.2004-2013年中国疟疾发病情况及趋势分析[J].中国病原微生物学杂志,2014,9(5):442-446.
[7]高世同,李晓恒,黄达娜,等.深圳市2012-2015年消除疟疾措施实施效果[J].中国热带医学,2017,17(1):76-82.
[8]谢轶青,何明祯,朱世英.江苏省常州市疟疾流行与防治历程及消除措施和评价[J].中国热带医学,2016,16(6):514-522.
[9]付仁龙,彭国华,凌军,等.江西省南昌市疟疾流行与防治历程及消除措施和评价[J].中国热带医学,2016,16(6):513-517.
[10]WHO.World Malaria Report 2014[R].Geneva:World Health Organization,2014:32-41.
[11]齐小秋.疟疾防治手册[M].3版.北京:人民卫生出版社,2007:22.
[12]夏菁,蔡顺祥,林文,等.2013年湖北省疟疾疫情流行病学分析[J].中国血吸虫病防治杂志,2015,27(2):186-188.
[13]曹俊,周水森,周华云,等.中国疟疾从控制走向消除--消除阶段的目标策略和措施[J].中国血吸虫病防治杂志,2013,25(5):439-443.
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