空气污染对妇幼医院儿内科呼吸系统日门诊量的影响研究
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摘要
目的探讨空气污染对妇幼医院儿内科呼吸系统日门诊量的影响。方法收集2014—2017年银川市空气污染资料、气象资料、妇幼保健院小儿内科日门诊就诊资料,描述银川市空气污染趋势,采用基于Poisson回归的广义相加模型分析空气污染与妇幼医院儿内科呼吸系统门诊量的暴露—反应关系。结果2014—2017年银川市大气PM_(10)、PM_(2. 5)和NO_2年平均浓度均超过《环境空气质量标准》(GB 3095-2012)中相应空气污染物二级浓度限值,控制了温度、湿度、时间趋势和星期几效应的时间序列分析结果显示PM_(2. 5)、PM_(10)、SO_2和NO_2每升高10μg/m~3对小儿内科呼吸系统日门诊量存在滞后效应。结论空气污染对妇幼医院儿内科呼吸系统日门诊量存在影响,尤其是空气污染物PM10、NO_2和SO_2。
Objectives To explore the effect of the air pollution on the outpatient visits of pediatric respiratory system in the mater children's hospital. Methods Data of air pollution,meteorological observation and the pediatric outpatient visits of a maternal and children hospital in Yinchuan from 2014 to 2017 were collected to describe the pollution trends of Yinchuan. Generalized Additive Model based on Poisson regression was employed to analyze the exposure-response relationship between air pollution and the pediatric outpatient visits of the mater children's hospital. Results In 2014 to 2017,the annual average concentration of PM_(10),PM_(2. 5),and NO_2 was higher than the concentration limit of the Standard of Environmental Air Quality( GB 3095-2012). By controlling temperature,relative humidity,temporal trends and weekly effects,the time series analysis showed that a 10 μg/m~3 increase of PM_(2. 5),PM_(10),SO_2 or NO_2 has a lagging effect on the pediatric outpatient visits. Conclusions Air pollution affects the outpatient visits of pediatric respiratory system in maternal and children hospital,especially the air pollutants PM_(10),NO_2 and SO_2.
Objectives To explore the effect of the air pollution on the outpatient visits of pediatric respiratory system in the mater children's hospital. Methods Data of air pollution,meteorological observation and the pediatric outpatient visits of a maternal and children hospital in Yinchuan from 2014 to 2017 were collected to describe the pollution trends of Yinchuan. Generalized Additive Model based on Poisson regression was employed to analyze the exposure-response relationship between air pollution and the pediatric outpatient visits of the mater children's hospital. Results In 2014 to 2017,the annual average concentration of PM_(10),PM_(2. 5),and NO_2 was higher than the concentration limit of the Standard of Environmental Air Quality( GB 3095-2012). By controlling temperature,relative humidity,temporal trends and weekly effects,the time series analysis showed that a 10 μg/m~3 increase of PM_(2. 5),PM_(10),SO_2 or NO_2 has a lagging effect on the pediatric outpatient visits. Conclusions Air pollution affects the outpatient visits of pediatric respiratory system in maternal and children hospital,especially the air pollutants PM_(10),NO_2 and SO_2.
引文
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[13]陈浪,赵川,陈凤格,等.石家庄市大气颗粒污染物浓度对儿童呼吸系统疾病门诊量的影响[J].山东大学学报(医学版),2018,56(11):68-75.(In English:Chen L,Zhao C,Chen FG,et al.Effect of airborne particulates concentration on outpatient visits of respiratory diseases among children in Shijiazhuang City[J].J Shandong Univ(Health Sci),2018,56(11):68-75.)
[14]徐艳龙,黄发源,王志强,等.2014-2015年合肥市大气PM2.5污染对儿童门诊量影响的时间序列分析[J].环境与健康杂志,2017,34(4):321-324.(In English:Xu YL,Huang FY,Wang ZQ,et al.Influence of ambient PM2.5pollution on clinic visits of children in Hefei in 2014-2015:a time series analysis[J].J Environ Health,2017,34(4):321-324.)
[15]王宇红,梁婷婷,李盛兰,等.兰州市医院儿科呼吸系统疾病日门诊量与空气污染的相关性研究[J].环境卫生学杂志,2017,7(5):356-362.(In English:Wang YH,Liang TT,Li SL,et al.Relationship between daily pediatric outpatient visits for respiratory diseases and air pollution in Lanzhou[J].J Environ Hyg,2017,7(5):356-362.)
[2]Mc Laren J,Williams ID.The impact of communicating information about air pollution events on public health[J].Sci Total Environ,2015,538:478-491.
[3]孙猛,李晓巍.空气污染与公共健康:基于省际面板数据的实证研究[J].人口学刊,2017,39(5):5-13.(In English:Sun M,Li XW.Air pollution and public health:an empirical study based on provincial panel data[J].Popul J,2017,39(5):5-13.)
[4]刘波,刘晓峰,杨冬梅,等.北京市通州区空气污染与医院门诊量关系初探[J].首都公共卫生,2017,11(5):212-215,227.(In English:Liu B,Liu XF,Yang DM,et al.Study on the relationship between air pollution and outpatient visits in Tongzhou district of Beijing from 2015 to 2016[J].Capital J Public Health,2017,11(5):212-215,227.)
[5]崔亮亮,李新伟,耿兴义,等.2013年济南市大气PM2.5污染及雾霾事件对儿童门诊量影响的时间序列分析[J].环境与健康杂志,2015,32(6):489-493.(In English:Cui LL,Li XW,Geng XY,et al.Effects of PM2.5 and haze event on hospital visiting of children in Ji’nan,2013:a time series analysis[J].J Environ Health,2015,32(6):489-493.)
[6]Miller MD,Marty MA,Landrigan PJ.Children's environmental health:beyond national boundaries[J].Pediatr Clin North Am,2016,63(1):149-165.
[7]中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局,中国国家标准化管理委员会.GB 3095-2012环境空气质量标准[S].北京:中国环境科学出版社,2016.(In English:General Administration of Quality Supervision,Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China,Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of China.GB 3095-2012 Ambient air quality standard[S].Beijing:China Environmental Science Press,2016.)
[8]Li YR,Feng LT,Chen BY,et al.Association of urban particle numbers and sources with lung function among children with asthma or allergies[J].Sci Total Environ,2016,542:841-844.
[9]Wang KR,Wu JY,Wang R,et al.Analysis of residents‘willingness to pay to reduce air pollution to improve children’s health in community and hospital settings in Shanghai,China[J].Sci Total Environ,2015,533:283-289.
[10]Liu Q,Wu J,Song J,et al.Particulate matter 2.5 regulates lipid synthesis and inflammatory cytokine production in human SZ95sebocytes[J].Int J Mol Med,2017,40(4):1029-1036.
[11]Huang QS,Chi YL,Deng JJ,et al.Fine particulate matter 2.5exerted its toxicological effect by regulating a new layer,long non-coding RNA[J].Sci Rep,2017,7:9392.
[12]王大虎,石同幸,吕嘉韵,等.2013-2015年广州市大气PM2.5浓度对儿童呼吸系统门诊量影响分析[J].医学动物防制,2017,33(12):1230-1234.(In English:Wang DH,Shi TX,Lv JY,et al.Effects of PM2.5concentration on respiratory system outpatients in Guangzhou from 2013 to 2015 in children[J].J Med Pest Control,2017,33(12):1230-1234.)
[13]陈浪,赵川,陈凤格,等.石家庄市大气颗粒污染物浓度对儿童呼吸系统疾病门诊量的影响[J].山东大学学报(医学版),2018,56(11):68-75.(In English:Chen L,Zhao C,Chen FG,et al.Effect of airborne particulates concentration on outpatient visits of respiratory diseases among children in Shijiazhuang City[J].J Shandong Univ(Health Sci),2018,56(11):68-75.)
[14]徐艳龙,黄发源,王志强,等.2014-2015年合肥市大气PM2.5污染对儿童门诊量影响的时间序列分析[J].环境与健康杂志,2017,34(4):321-324.(In English:Xu YL,Huang FY,Wang ZQ,et al.Influence of ambient PM2.5pollution on clinic visits of children in Hefei in 2014-2015:a time series analysis[J].J Environ Health,2017,34(4):321-324.)
[15]王宇红,梁婷婷,李盛兰,等.兰州市医院儿科呼吸系统疾病日门诊量与空气污染的相关性研究[J].环境卫生学杂志,2017,7(5):356-362.(In English:Wang YH,Liang TT,Li SL,et al.Relationship between daily pediatric outpatient visits for respiratory diseases and air pollution in Lanzhou[J].J Environ Hyg,2017,7(5):356-362.)