摘要
以红富士苹果树为试验材料,在幼果套袋前喷施代森联和高效氯氟氰菊酯农药,通过测定其果实、叶片、枝条、土壤中的农药残留,跟踪研究代森联和高效氯氟氰菊酯农药在苹果中的残留情况。结果表明,套袋可分别减少苹果中代森联和高效氯氟氰菊酯80%以上和28.6%~47.4%的残留量;喷药2,3,4次对苹果中代森联、高效氯氟氰菊酯残留没有显著差异,果实中农药残留量远低于国家标准限量;2种农药残留随着苹果成熟度的增加而减少;代森联和高效氯氟氰菊酯在果皮中的残留量分别是果肉中的80.7~477.6倍和2.5~10.6倍;苹果树喷药10 d时,代森联和高效氯氟氰菊酯在叶片中的残留显著高于土壤与果实。科学合理使用农药产出的成熟苹果中代森联和高效氯氟氰菊酯的残留量远低于国家标准限量,可以放心食用。
Red Fuji apple tree was used as material.Metiram and Lambda-cyhalothrin were sprayed in young apple fruit before bagging.The running and pesticide residue of Metiram and Lambda-cyhalothrin in different organs of apple and environment were tracked through measuring the Metiram and Lambda-cyhalothrin residue in fruits,leaves,branches and soil.The result showed that apple bagging could reduce Metiram and Lambda-cyhalothrin residue above 80% and 28.6%-47.4%,respectively.There was no significant difference for Metiram and Lambda-cyhalothrin residue in apple after 2,3,4 times of spraying and the residues were far below the national standard.The residue of Metiram and Lambda-cyhalothrin in apple fruits decreased with the fruit ripen.The contents of Metiram and Lambda-cyhalothrin in the peel were 80.7-477.6 times and 2.5-10.6 times higher than that in the pulp,respectively.The contents of Metiram and Lambda-cyhalothrin in leaves were significantly more than that in soil and fruits after spraying 10 d.The residues of Metiram and Lambda-cyhalothrin in mature apples produced by scientific and rational use of pesticides are far below the national standard limit and can be safely eaten.
引文
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