时空变自适应反Q滤波
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摘要
大地吸收效应是造成地震波能量衰减、分辨率降低的重要因素,反Q滤波能够对衰减能量进行有效恢复、提高资料分辨率。常规的反Q滤波采用增益函数,能自适应地减小高频能量的补偿系数,但并不能对资料的信噪比进行很好的自适应。针对该问题,在原有增益函数的基础上,设计了与资料局部信噪比有关的增益参数。该参数具有时空变特征,能较好地适应资料本身的特点。在高信噪比区域,取较大的增益参数,对高频成分进行相对充分的补偿;在低信噪比区域,取较小的增益参数,对高频成分进行相对有限的补偿。模型测试和资料处理表明,该方法对资料的适应性较好,且取得了较好的补偿效果。
The earth absorption effect is an important factor resulting in the energy attenuation of seismic waves and the degradation of resolution. The inverse Q filtering method helps to restore attenuated energy and improve data resolution. The conventional inverse Q filtering method employs a gain function, which can adaptively reduce the compensation coefficient of high-frequency energy but cannot adapt to the signal to noise ratio(SNR)of data very well. Therefore, the gain parameter related to the local data SNR has been specially designed and proposed based on the gain function. A gain parameter with attributes of spatial and temporal variability can better adapt to the features of data. In high SNR regions, if the chosen value of the gain parameter is high, it can adequately compensate for the high frequency components in a effective manner. In contrast, in low SNR regions, if the chosen value of the gain parameter is smaller, it can only compensate for the high frequency components in a relatively limited manner. Model testing and data processing demonstrates that the inverse Q filtering method can be well adapted to data and achieve a good compensation effect.
The earth absorption effect is an important factor resulting in the energy attenuation of seismic waves and the degradation of resolution. The inverse Q filtering method helps to restore attenuated energy and improve data resolution. The conventional inverse Q filtering method employs a gain function, which can adaptively reduce the compensation coefficient of high-frequency energy but cannot adapt to the signal to noise ratio(SNR)of data very well. Therefore, the gain parameter related to the local data SNR has been specially designed and proposed based on the gain function. A gain parameter with attributes of spatial and temporal variability can better adapt to the features of data. In high SNR regions, if the chosen value of the gain parameter is high, it can adequately compensate for the high frequency components in a effective manner. In contrast, in low SNR regions, if the chosen value of the gain parameter is smaller, it can only compensate for the high frequency components in a relatively limited manner. Model testing and data processing demonstrates that the inverse Q filtering method can be well adapted to data and achieve a good compensation effect.
引文
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[28]WANG Y H.Inverse Q filtered migration.Geophysics,2008,73(1):S1-S6.
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[30]张固澜,林进,王熙明,等.一种自适应增益限的反Q滤波[J].地球物理学报,2015,58(7):2525-2535.[ZHANG G L,LIN J,WANG X M,et al.A self-adaptive approach for inverse Q-filtering[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2015,58(7):2525-2535.
[31]吴吉忠,杨晓利,龙洋.一种稳定高效的等效Q值反Q滤波算法及应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,2016,51(1):63-70.[WU J Z,YANG X L,LONG Y.A robust approach of inverse Q filtering with equivalent Q[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2016,51(1):63-70.]
[32]SHI Y,HUANG R,et al.A variable gain-limited inverse Q filtering method[C].SEG 2017 Workshop:OBN/OBC Technologies and Applications.Beijing,China,4-6 September 2017.
[33]赵岩.基于变稳定因子的反Q滤波方法[C].中国地球科学联合学术年会,北京,2017.[ZHAO Y.Inverse Q filtering method based on variable stability factor[C].Annual Meeting of Chinese Geoscience Union,Beijing,2017.]
[34]WEI Q,CHEN S Q.An improved stabilization inverse Q-filtering via shaping regularization scheme[C].2018 SEG International Exposition and 88th Annual Meeting,Beijing,2018.
[35]XUE Y J,CAO J X,WANG X J.Inverse Q filtering via synchrosqueezed wavelet transform[J].Geophysics,2019,84(2):V121-V132.
[2]WANG Y H.Seismic Inverse Q Filtering[M].Oxford,Blackwell Scientific Publication,2008.
[3]严红勇,刘洋.地震资料Q值估算与反Q滤波研究综述[J].地球物理学进展,2011,26(2):606-615.[YAN H Y,LIU Y.A summary of research on estimation of Q and inverse Q filtering for seismic wave[J].Progress in Geophysics.2011,26(2):606-615.]
[4]李金丽,李振春,管路平,等.地震波衰减及补偿方法[J].物探与化探,2015,39(3):456-465.[LI J L,LI Z C,GUAN L P,et al.The method of seismic attenuation and energy compensation[J].Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,2015,39(3):456-465.]
[5]HARGREAVES N D,CALVERT A J.Inverse Q filtering by Fourier transform[J].Geophysics,1991,56:519-527.
[6]HARGREAVES N D.Similarity and the inverse Q filter:Some simple algorithms for inverse Q filtering[J].Geophysics,1992,57(2):944-947.
[7]VAN DER BAAN M.Bandwidth enhancement:Inverse Q filtering or time-varying Wiener deconvolution[J].Geophysics,2012,77(4):V133-V142.
[8]陈增保,陈小宏,李景叶,等.一种带限稳定的反Q滤波算法[J].石油地球物理勘探,2014,49(1):68-75.[CHEN Z B,CHEN XH,LI J Y,et al.A band-limited and robust inverse Q filtering algorithm[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2014,49(1):68-75.]
[9]MARGRAVE G F.Theory of nonstationary linear filtering in the Fourier domain with application to time-variant filtering[J].Geophysics,1998,63(1):244-259.
[10]ZHANG C J,TADEUSZ J U.Seismic absorption compensation:A least squares inverse scheme[J].Geophysics,2007,72(6):109-114.
[11]STOLT R H.Migration by Fourier transform[J].Geophysics,1978,43:23-48.
[12]姚振兴,高星,李维新.用于深度域地震剖面衰减与频散补偿的反Q滤波方法[J].地球物理学报,2003,46(2):229-230.[YAO ZX,GAO X,LI W X.The forward Q method for compensating attenuation and frequency dispersion used in the seismic profile of depth domain[J].Chinese Journal of geophysics,2003,46(2):229-230.
[13]刘财,刘洋,王典,等.一种频域吸收衰减补偿方法[J].石油物探,2005,20(4):1074-1082.[LIU C,LIU Y,WANG D,et al.Amethod to compensate strata absorption and attenuation in frequency domain[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2005,20(4):1074-1082.]
[14]李雪英,吕喜滨,张江杰,等.稳定高效的时域反Q滤波方法[J].地球物理学进展,2010,25(1):211-218.[LI X Y,LU X B,ZHANGJ J,et al.A stable and efficient approach of inverse Q filtering in the time domain[J].Progress in Geophysics,2010,25(1):211-218.]
[15]ROBINSON J C.A technique for the continuous representation of dispersion in seismic data[J].Geophysics,1979,44:1345-1351.
[16]ROBINSON J C.Time-variable dispersion processing through the use of phased sinc functions[J].Geophysics,1982,47:1106-1110.
[17]HALE D.An inverse Q-filter[J].Stanford Exploration Project Report,1981,26:231-243.
[18]HALE D.Q-adaptive deconvolution[J].SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts,1982,1(1):520.
[19]BICKEL S H,NATARAJAN R R.Plane-wave Q deconvolution[J].Geophysics,1985,50(9):1426-1439.
[20]MCCARLEY L A.An antoregressive filer model for constant Q attenuation[J].Geophysics,1985,50(5):749-758.
[21]VARELA C L,ROSA A L R,ULRYCH T J.Modelling of attenuation and dispersion[J].Geophysics,1993,58:1167-1173.
[22]裴江云,何樵登.基于Kjartansson模型的反Q滤波[J].地球物理学进展,1994,9(1):90-99.[PEI J Y,HE Q D.Inverse Q filtering according to Kjartansson model[J].Progress in Geophysics,1994,9(1):90-99.]
[23]BANO M.Q-phase compensation of seismic records in the frequency domain[J].Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America,1996,86(4):1179-1186.
[24]WANG Y H.A stable and efficient approach of inverse Q filtering[J].Geophysics,2002,67(2):657-663.
[25]WANG Y H.Quantifying the effectiveness of stabilized inverse Q-filtering.Geophysics,2003,68(1):337-345.
[26]WANG Y H,GUO J.Modified Kolsky model for seismic attenuation and dispersion.Journal of Geophysics and Engineering,2004,1(3):187-196.
[27]WANG Y H.Inverse Q-filter for seismic resolution enhancement[J].Geophysics,2006,71(3):51-60.
[28]WANG Y H.Inverse Q filtered migration.Geophysics,2008,73(1):S1-S6.
[29]李合群,孟小红,赵波.地震数据Q吸收补偿应用研究[J].石油地球物理勘探,2010,45(2):190~195,229.[LI H Q,MENG X H,ZHAO B.Application studies on Q absorption and compensation for seismic data[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2010,45(2):190-195,229.]
[30]张固澜,林进,王熙明,等.一种自适应增益限的反Q滤波[J].地球物理学报,2015,58(7):2525-2535.[ZHANG G L,LIN J,WANG X M,et al.A self-adaptive approach for inverse Q-filtering[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2015,58(7):2525-2535.
[31]吴吉忠,杨晓利,龙洋.一种稳定高效的等效Q值反Q滤波算法及应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,2016,51(1):63-70.[WU J Z,YANG X L,LONG Y.A robust approach of inverse Q filtering with equivalent Q[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2016,51(1):63-70.]
[32]SHI Y,HUANG R,et al.A variable gain-limited inverse Q filtering method[C].SEG 2017 Workshop:OBN/OBC Technologies and Applications.Beijing,China,4-6 September 2017.
[33]赵岩.基于变稳定因子的反Q滤波方法[C].中国地球科学联合学术年会,北京,2017.[ZHAO Y.Inverse Q filtering method based on variable stability factor[C].Annual Meeting of Chinese Geoscience Union,Beijing,2017.]
[34]WEI Q,CHEN S Q.An improved stabilization inverse Q-filtering via shaping regularization scheme[C].2018 SEG International Exposition and 88th Annual Meeting,Beijing,2018.
[35]XUE Y J,CAO J X,WANG X J.Inverse Q filtering via synchrosqueezed wavelet transform[J].Geophysics,2019,84(2):V121-V132.