东海地区低渗-致密储层含水饱和度定量评价方法
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摘要
东海地区低渗-致密储层的岩性及孔隙结构复杂、物性非均质性强,储层含水饱和度的准确计算一直是该类储层测井评价中的难点。提出了2种储层含水饱和度计算方法。一是基于岩心三维纳米CT扫描实验的变m值计算方法,根据数字岩心样品连通孔隙度与胶结指数m理论值,回归拟合出随孔隙度变化的变m值计算公式,建立数字岩心变m值西门度模型求取储层含水饱和度;二是利用核磁测井资料或RC_(50)与渗透率的相关关系式得到RC_(50)的值,进而通过地层因素F与RC_(50)的负相关关系及地层因素F与储层含水饱和度的关系式求取储层含水饱和度。以东海地区X凹陷Y区低渗-致密砂岩储层实际井为例,分析了本文提出的2种模型和定m值西门度模型的计算结果,结果表明本文提出的2种模型的计算结果与密闭取心饱和度更加匹配,说明本文模型更加适用于东海地区低渗-致密储层。
Because of the complex lithology and pore structure, and strong heterogeneous of low permeability and tight reservoirs in East China Sea, the accurate calculation of reservoir water saturation has always been a difficulty in the logging evaluation of such reservoirs. In this paper, two methods were proposed for the water saturation calculation of such reservoirs. The first one is the variable m-value calculation method based on the core three-dimensional nano-CT scanning experiment. According to the theoretical values of the connected porosity and the cementation index m of the digital core sample, the calculating formula of variable m value varying with porosity can be obtained through regression fitting, and the Simandoux model of variable m value was established for digital core to obtain the reservoir water saturation. The second one is to use the nuclear magnetic logging data or the correlation between RC_(50) and permeability to obtain the value of RC_(50), and then it is able to obtain the reservoir water saturation through the negative correlation between the stratum factor F and RC_(50), as well as the correlation between the stratum factor F and reservoir water saturation. By taking the actual wells in the low permeability-tight sandstone reservoirs of Y area of X sag in East China Sea as an example, the calculation results of those two models and that of the fixed m-value Simandoux model have been analyzed. The results show that the calculation results of those two models are better matched with the saturation of sealed coring, indicating that models proposed in this paper are more suitable for the low permeability-tight reservoirs in East China Sea.
Because of the complex lithology and pore structure, and strong heterogeneous of low permeability and tight reservoirs in East China Sea, the accurate calculation of reservoir water saturation has always been a difficulty in the logging evaluation of such reservoirs. In this paper, two methods were proposed for the water saturation calculation of such reservoirs. The first one is the variable m-value calculation method based on the core three-dimensional nano-CT scanning experiment. According to the theoretical values of the connected porosity and the cementation index m of the digital core sample, the calculating formula of variable m value varying with porosity can be obtained through regression fitting, and the Simandoux model of variable m value was established for digital core to obtain the reservoir water saturation. The second one is to use the nuclear magnetic logging data or the correlation between RC_(50) and permeability to obtain the value of RC_(50), and then it is able to obtain the reservoir water saturation through the negative correlation between the stratum factor F and RC_(50), as well as the correlation between the stratum factor F and reservoir water saturation. By taking the actual wells in the low permeability-tight sandstone reservoirs of Y area of X sag in East China Sea as an example, the calculation results of those two models and that of the fixed m-value Simandoux model have been analyzed. The results show that the calculation results of those two models are better matched with the saturation of sealed coring, indicating that models proposed in this paper are more suitable for the low permeability-tight reservoirs in East China Sea.
引文
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[13] 罗少成,成志刚,林伟川,等.复杂孔隙结构储层变岩电参数饱和度模型研究[J].测井技术,2015,39(1):43-47.LUO Shaocheng,CHENG Zhigang,LIN Weichuan,et al.Research on saturation model of variable rock-electric parameters for Reservoirs with complicated pore structures[J].Well Logging Technology,2015,39(1):43-47.
[14] 王培春,张琳琳,马超,等.基于连续变地层胶结指数m值的含水饱和度计算方法:以渤海油田复杂砂岩储层为例[J].中国海上油气,2016,28(4):42-47.DOI:10.11935/j.issn.1673-1506.2016.04.007.WANG Peichun,ZHANG Linlin,MA Chao,et al.Water saturation calculation method based on continuous variable cementation exponent m:A case study of complex sandstone reservoir in Bohai oilfield[J].China Offshore Oil and Gas,2016,28(4):42-47.DOI:10.11935/j.issn.1673-1506.2016.04.007.
[15] 吴见萌,葛祥,李德才,等.致密碎屑岩储层核磁共振测井饱和度评价技术[J].国外测井技术,2015,(2):19-22.WU Jianmeng,GE Xiang,LI Decai,et al.The saturation evaluation technology of nuclear magnetic resonance logging in the tight sandstone reservoir[J].World Well Logging Technology,2015,(2):19-22.
[16] 陈福利,金勇,张淑品,等.用核磁T2谱法评价原始气藏流体饱和度:以大庆深层火山岩复杂气藏为例[J].天然气地球科学,2007,18(3):412-417.CHEN Fuli,JIN Yong,ZHANG Shupin,et al.NMR T2 distribution method for evaluating fluid saturation of original hydrocarbon reservoir:a case from complex gas reservoirs in deep zone volcanics,Daqing[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2007,18(3):412-417.
[17] 刘学锋,孙建孟,王海涛,等.顺序指示模拟重建三维数字岩心的准确性评价[J].石油学报,2009,30(3):391-395.LIU Xuefeng,SUN Jianmeng,WANG Haitao,et al.The accuracy evaluation on 3D digital cores reconstructed by sequence indicator simulation[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2009,30(3):391-395.
[18] 刘学锋.基于数字岩心的岩石声电特性微观数值模拟研究[D].青岛:中国石油大学,2010.
[19] EDMONDSON H N.Archie’s law:electrical conduction in clear,water-bearing rock[J].The Technical Review,1988,36(3):4-13.
[20] SCHOEN J.Pertrophysik[M].Stuttgart:Ferdinand En-ke Verlag,1983.
[21] 雷浩.致密砂岩毛管压力和电性参数及可动流体饱和度研究[D].四川成都:西南石油大学,2017.
[22] 赵文杰.利用核磁共振测井资料计算平均孔喉半径[J].油气地质及采收率,2009,16(2):43-45.ZHAO Wenjie.Estimation of average pore throat radius by NMR log data [J].Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency,2009,16(2):43-45.
[23] 高楚桥,何宗斌,吴洪深,等.核磁共振T2截止值与毛管压力的关系[J].石油地球物理勘探,2004,39(1):117-120.GAO Chuqiao,HE Zongbin,WU Hongshen,et al.Relationship between NMR T2 cutoff and capillary pressure [J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2004,39(1):117-120.
[2] 冯春珍,林忠霞,崔丽香.低孔低渗储层含水饱和度的确定[J].国外测井技术,2007,22(1):27-30.FENG Chunzhen,LIN Zhongxia,CUI Lixiang.Determination of water saturation in reservoirs of low porosity and permeability[J].World Well Logging Technology,2007,22(1):27-30.
[3] ARCHIE G E.The electrical resistivity log as an aid in determining some reservoir characteristics[J].Petroluem Technology,1942,146(3):54-62.
[4] CLAVIER C,COATES G,DUMANOIR J.The theoretical and experimental bases for the Dual-Water model for interpretation of shaly sands[R].SPE 6859,1977.
[5] DAVID K.The porosity-water saturation-conductivity relationship:An alternative to archie’s model1[J].Petrophysics,2007.
[6] 张明禄,石玉江.复杂孔隙结构砂岩储层岩电参数研究[J].测井技术,2005,29(5):447-448.ZHANG Minglu,SHI Yujiang.On Archie’s electrical parameters of sandstone reservoir with complicated pore structures[J].Well Logging Technology,2005,29(5):447-448.
[7] 游利军,吴需要,康毅力,等.致密砂岩电学参数的非阿尔奇现象[J].地球物理学进展,2016,31(5):2226-2231.YOU Lijun,WU Xuyao,KANG Yili,et al.Non-Archie phenomenon of the tight sandstone’s electrical parameters[J].Progress in Geophysics,2016,31(5):2226-2231.
[8] 雍世和,张超谟.测井数据处理与综合解释[M].东营:中国石油大学出版社,1996:152-202.
[9] 张恒荣,何胜林,郑香伟,等.复杂孔隙结构低阻油层含水饱和度解释新方法[J].西南石油大学学报(自然科学版),2018,40(1):97-103.ZHANG Henrong,HE Shenglin,ZHENG Xiangwei,et al.A new method of explaining the water saturation of low resistivity reservoir with complex pore structure[J].Journal of Southwest Petroleum University (Science & Technology Edition),2018,40(1):97-103.
[10] 郑庆林,王钰森,赵雨.低孔隙度条件下阿尔奇含水饱和度解释模型改进[J].测井技术,2006,30(1):57-59.ZHENG Qinglin,WANG Yusen,ZHAO Yu.Improvement of Archie water-saturation model for the low porosity formation[J].Well Logging Technology,2006,30(1):57-59.
[11] 姚军朋,司马立强.合川地区低孔低渗砂岩储层含水饱和度的评价方法[J].天然气工业,2010,30(10):22-25.YAO Junpeng,SIMA Liqiang.Evaluation methods for water saturation of low porosity and low permeability sandstone reservoirs in the Hechuan area,middle Sichuan Basin[J].Natural Gas Industry,2010,30(10):22-25.
[12] 王迪,魏锋,陈现,等.改进的西门度模型在饱和度测井解释中的应用[J].海洋石油,2016,36(3):70-75.WANG Di,WEI Feng,CHEN Xian,et al.Application of modified simandoux model in saturation logging interpretation[J].Offshore Oil,2016,36(3):70-75.
[13] 罗少成,成志刚,林伟川,等.复杂孔隙结构储层变岩电参数饱和度模型研究[J].测井技术,2015,39(1):43-47.LUO Shaocheng,CHENG Zhigang,LIN Weichuan,et al.Research on saturation model of variable rock-electric parameters for Reservoirs with complicated pore structures[J].Well Logging Technology,2015,39(1):43-47.
[14] 王培春,张琳琳,马超,等.基于连续变地层胶结指数m值的含水饱和度计算方法:以渤海油田复杂砂岩储层为例[J].中国海上油气,2016,28(4):42-47.DOI:10.11935/j.issn.1673-1506.2016.04.007.WANG Peichun,ZHANG Linlin,MA Chao,et al.Water saturation calculation method based on continuous variable cementation exponent m:A case study of complex sandstone reservoir in Bohai oilfield[J].China Offshore Oil and Gas,2016,28(4):42-47.DOI:10.11935/j.issn.1673-1506.2016.04.007.
[15] 吴见萌,葛祥,李德才,等.致密碎屑岩储层核磁共振测井饱和度评价技术[J].国外测井技术,2015,(2):19-22.WU Jianmeng,GE Xiang,LI Decai,et al.The saturation evaluation technology of nuclear magnetic resonance logging in the tight sandstone reservoir[J].World Well Logging Technology,2015,(2):19-22.
[16] 陈福利,金勇,张淑品,等.用核磁T2谱法评价原始气藏流体饱和度:以大庆深层火山岩复杂气藏为例[J].天然气地球科学,2007,18(3):412-417.CHEN Fuli,JIN Yong,ZHANG Shupin,et al.NMR T2 distribution method for evaluating fluid saturation of original hydrocarbon reservoir:a case from complex gas reservoirs in deep zone volcanics,Daqing[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2007,18(3):412-417.
[17] 刘学锋,孙建孟,王海涛,等.顺序指示模拟重建三维数字岩心的准确性评价[J].石油学报,2009,30(3):391-395.LIU Xuefeng,SUN Jianmeng,WANG Haitao,et al.The accuracy evaluation on 3D digital cores reconstructed by sequence indicator simulation[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2009,30(3):391-395.
[18] 刘学锋.基于数字岩心的岩石声电特性微观数值模拟研究[D].青岛:中国石油大学,2010.
[19] EDMONDSON H N.Archie’s law:electrical conduction in clear,water-bearing rock[J].The Technical Review,1988,36(3):4-13.
[20] SCHOEN J.Pertrophysik[M].Stuttgart:Ferdinand En-ke Verlag,1983.
[21] 雷浩.致密砂岩毛管压力和电性参数及可动流体饱和度研究[D].四川成都:西南石油大学,2017.
[22] 赵文杰.利用核磁共振测井资料计算平均孔喉半径[J].油气地质及采收率,2009,16(2):43-45.ZHAO Wenjie.Estimation of average pore throat radius by NMR log data [J].Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency,2009,16(2):43-45.
[23] 高楚桥,何宗斌,吴洪深,等.核磁共振T2截止值与毛管压力的关系[J].石油地球物理勘探,2004,39(1):117-120.GAO Chuqiao,HE Zongbin,WU Hongshen,et al.Relationship between NMR T2 cutoff and capillary pressure [J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2004,39(1):117-120.