青少年身体活动促进模型:理论架构、实践应用与展望
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摘要
在全球儿童青少年身体活动不足的背景下,对青少年身体活动促进模型(YPAP模型)进行系统梳理与分析,对于我国儿童青少年身体活动促进研究具有重要借鉴意义。研究深入解读了YPAP模型的产生、构架及特点,厘清了模型的内在机制与不足,发现YPAP模型靶向精准、内容关键、结构简单,但涉及因素与深层机制仍有待丰富完善。系统梳理了YPAP模型的国内外实践应用,发现与国外相比我国模型的发展性验证及综合干预方面存在较大差距,并据此从理论、思想、实施3个层面对未来我国儿童青少年身体活动促进研究提出展望。建议根据我国实际情况,进一步加强YPAP模型的本土化研究及推广应用,并积极转变思想教育观念,在全社会联动、多层次环境因素的共同作用下,提高儿童青少年身体活动水平。
Under the background of the physical inactivity of children and adolescents around the world, the systematic analysis of the Youth Physical Activity Promotion Model(YPAP model) could be used as reference for the promotion of physical activity promotion for children and adolescents in China. This research interpreted the generation, structure and characteristics of the YPAP model, clarified the internal mechanism and shortcomings of the model, and found that the YPAP model was targeted, accurate, and simple in structure, but the factors involved and the deep mechanism still needed to be enriched. The practical application of YPAP model at home and abroad showed that there was a big gap for China in the development verification and comprehensive intervention of the model. It was suggested that the localization research and popularization application of YPAP model should be promoted according to the actual situation in China. Ideas should be changed. A joint action of the whole society under multi-level environmental factors should be made.
Under the background of the physical inactivity of children and adolescents around the world, the systematic analysis of the Youth Physical Activity Promotion Model(YPAP model) could be used as reference for the promotion of physical activity promotion for children and adolescents in China. This research interpreted the generation, structure and characteristics of the YPAP model, clarified the internal mechanism and shortcomings of the model, and found that the YPAP model was targeted, accurate, and simple in structure, but the factors involved and the deep mechanism still needed to be enriched. The practical application of YPAP model at home and abroad showed that there was a big gap for China in the development verification and comprehensive intervention of the model. It was suggested that the localization research and popularization application of YPAP model should be promoted according to the actual situation in China. Ideas should be changed. A joint action of the whole society under multi-level environmental factors should be made.
引文
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[2]KORING M,RICHERT J,PARSCHAU L,et al.Acombined planning and self-efficacy intervention to promote physical activity:a multiple mediation analysis[J].Psychology Health&Medicine,2012,17(4):488-498.
[3]JANSSEN I,LEBLANC A G.Systematic review of the health benefits of physical activity and fitness in schoolaged children and youth4[J].International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition&Physical Activity,2010,7(1):40.
[4]HALLAL P C,ANDERSEN L B,BULL F C,et al.Global physical activity levels:surveillance progress,pitfalls,and prospects[J].Lancet,2012,380(9838):247-257.
[5]FAN X,CHEN P J,CAO Z B,et al.Physical activity among chinese school-aged children:national prevalence estimates from the 2016physical activity and fitness in china-the youth study[J].Journal of Sport&Health Science,2017,6(4):388-394.
[6]NADER P R,BRADLEY R H,HOUTS R M,et al.Moderate-to-Vigorous Physical Activity From Ages 9 to 15Years[J].Jama,2008,300(3):295-305.
[7]MALINA R M.Adherence to Physical Activity From Childhood to Adulthood:A Perspective From Tracking Studies[J].Quest,2001,53(3):346-355.
[8]ANDERSSEN N,WOLD B,TORSHEIM T.Tracking of physical activity in adolescence[J].Research Quarterly for Exercise&Sport,2005,76(2):119-129.
[9]BARANOWSKI T,ANDERSON C,CARMACK C.Mediating variable framework in physical activity interventions.How are we doing?How might we do better?[J].American Journal of Preventive Medicine,1998,15(4):266.
[10]SALLIS J F,PROCHASKA J J,TAYLOR W C.A review of correlates of physical activity of children and adolescents[J].Medicine&Science in Sports&Exercise,2000,32(5):963-975.
[11]韩慧,郑家鲲.西方国家青少年体力活动相关研究述评---基于社会生态学视角的分析[J].体育科学,2016,36(5):62-70.
[12]GLANZ K,RIMER B K,VISWANATH K.Health Behavior:Theory,Research,and Practice,5th Edition[M].2015:465-482.
[13]苏传令.社会生态学模型与青少年体力活动关系的研究综述[J].浙江体育科学,2012(2):94-98,124.