团体心理治疗对新型毒品依赖者成瘾行为及复吸影响的半年随访研究
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摘要
目的:研究团体心理治疗对新型毒品依赖者成瘾行为严重程度和复吸率的影响。方法:采用前瞻性随访研究,共纳入自愿住院戒毒的受试者81例为研究组和对照组80例。研究组接受基于认知行为治疗理论设计的团体心理治疗8次。半年后进行随访,使用成瘾行为严重度指数(ASI)评估基线和随访时的成瘾行为严重度。结果:半年的随访结果提示团体心理治疗可以显著改善研究组的成瘾行为严重程度,表现为ASI量表的社会支持、物质滥用、违法犯罪、家庭社会关系和精神健康等因子的评分均显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。研究组的复吸率也有显著的下降(33.76%),与对照组相比(51.61%)差异具有统计学意义(χ2=4.499,P=0.034)。结论:团体心理治疗可有效降低新型毒品依赖者的成瘾行为严重度和复吸率,有助于其心身健康和社会功能的恢复。
Objective: In order to assess the effects of group psychotherapy on addictive behavior and relapse in synthetic drugs addicts.Methods: A group psychotherapy program which was designed base on the cognitive-behavioral therapy theory was employed to 81 synthetic drugs addicts,with 80 synthetic drugs addicts who only received the general treatment as controls. All the participants were measured with the Addiction Severity Index( ASI) before the treatment and after six-month discharge.Results: The 6 months follow-up results showed that the relapse rates( 33. 76%) in research group was significantly lower than that( 51. 61% %) in controls( P < 0. 05). Compared with the control group,the research group had more improvement in the factor scores of employment,drug abuse,legal,family/social and psychiatric composite( P < 0. 05).Conclusion: Group psychotherapy effectively reduced the severity of addictive behavior and decreased the relapse rate,which will benefit for the recover of health and social function.
Objective: In order to assess the effects of group psychotherapy on addictive behavior and relapse in synthetic drugs addicts.Methods: A group psychotherapy program which was designed base on the cognitive-behavioral therapy theory was employed to 81 synthetic drugs addicts,with 80 synthetic drugs addicts who only received the general treatment as controls. All the participants were measured with the Addiction Severity Index( ASI) before the treatment and after six-month discharge.Results: The 6 months follow-up results showed that the relapse rates( 33. 76%) in research group was significantly lower than that( 51. 61% %) in controls( P < 0. 05). Compared with the control group,the research group had more improvement in the factor scores of employment,drug abuse,legal,family/social and psychiatric composite( P < 0. 05).Conclusion: Group psychotherapy effectively reduced the severity of addictive behavior and decreased the relapse rate,which will benefit for the recover of health and social function.
引文
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[14]李冠军,李娜,郑雯慧.“新型毒品”与“传统毒品”滥用者的心理和行为特征比较研究[J].中国药物依赖性杂志,2011,20(2):126-130.
[15]Lowinson JH,Ruiz P,Millm RB,et al.Drug abuse:a comprehensive textbook[M].2nd ed.New York:Williams&Wikins Press,1992:446-457.
[2]王艳芬,刘志民.我国“新型毒品”的滥用特征及其危害[J].中国药物滥用防治杂志,2007,13(2):63.
[3]胡玉珍,鲁杰.吸食新型毒品患者住院治疗期间焦虑情绪的分析及护理对策[J].中国药物滥用防治杂志,2011,17(2):97-98.
[4]黄书才,朱早晨,杨铖等.药物成瘾行为相关学习记忆的研究现状[J].中国药物依赖性杂志,2017,26(4):293-299.
[5]StrauB.Principles of Psychodynamic Group Psychotherapy[J].Psychotherapie,Psychosomatik,medizinische Psychologie,2016,66(12):489-500.
[6]杨永芳.戒毒者团体心理辅导的必要性探讨[J].鸡西大学学报,2010,10(2):51-52.
[7]任丽平.团体心理治疗临床应用的研究进展[J].中国健康心理学杂志,2015,23(8):1246-9,1250.
[8]Mc Lellan AT,Luborsky L,Cacciola J,et al.New data from the Addiction Severity Index.Reliability and validity in three centers[J].J Nerv Mental Dis,1985,173:412-423.
[9]Alterman AI,Brown LS,Zaballero A,et al.Interviewer severity ratings and composite scores of the ASI:a further look[J].Drug Alcohol Depend,1994,34:201-209.
[10]徐小良.强制隔离戒毒人员吸食新型毒品相关情况调查分析与对策[J].中国药物依赖性杂志,2012,21(1):54-57.
[11]赵敏,杨德森,郝伟.对海洛因依赖者康复训练的半年随访[J].中华精神科杂志,2001,34(2):102-105.
[12]樊富珉:团体咨询的理论与实践[M].清华大学出版社,1996.
[13]李冠军,李娜,王晓霞.强制隔离戒毒人员团体心理辅导效果初探[J].中国药物依赖性杂志,2010,19(5):383-386.
[14]李冠军,李娜,郑雯慧.“新型毒品”与“传统毒品”滥用者的心理和行为特征比较研究[J].中国药物依赖性杂志,2011,20(2):126-130.
[15]Lowinson JH,Ruiz P,Millm RB,et al.Drug abuse:a comprehensive textbook[M].2nd ed.New York:Williams&Wikins Press,1992:446-457.