基于CFD的液压滑阀流场特性与稳态液动力研究
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摘要
针对某型装甲车辆综合传动缓冲换挡阀,建立了该滑阀不同开度的三维几何模型,应用Fluent仿真软件对滑阀的内部流场进行了可视化计算和分析研究,得到了滑阀不同开度的流场特性与稳态液动力变化规律。进一步考虑轴颈直径对液动力的影响,提出在阀芯轴颈满足刚度与强度的条件下,宜尽量减小轴颈的直径。针对具体模型,通过理论计算与仿真值对比分析,引入修正系数,利用最小二乘法得到引入修正系数的计算公式,可以部分代替大量实验验证,减小工作量。
Aiming at the integrated transmission shift buffer valve used in a certain armored vehicles,three-dimension( 3D) geometric models with different displacement of the spool valve are set up. The inside flow field of spool valve was visually calculated and analysed by using the simulation software Fluent. The characteristics of the flow field and the variation rules of steady flow force of different models obtained. Besides,considering the influence of shaft diameter on flow force,the diameter should be reduced as much as possible,meeting the conditions of the stiffness and strength of spool. By comparing and analyzing the values of the theoretical calculation and simulation on practical model,the formula,introduced correction coefficient,was caught using the least squares method( LSM). Which can replace a lot of experiments for verification to reduce the amount of work.
Aiming at the integrated transmission shift buffer valve used in a certain armored vehicles,three-dimension( 3D) geometric models with different displacement of the spool valve are set up. The inside flow field of spool valve was visually calculated and analysed by using the simulation software Fluent. The characteristics of the flow field and the variation rules of steady flow force of different models obtained. Besides,considering the influence of shaft diameter on flow force,the diameter should be reduced as much as possible,meeting the conditions of the stiffness and strength of spool. By comparing and analyzing the values of the theoretical calculation and simulation on practical model,the formula,introduced correction coefficient,was caught using the least squares method( LSM). Which can replace a lot of experiments for verification to reduce the amount of work.
引文
[1]冀宏,左嘉韵,程源.工程机械液压元件及节能液压系统的发展与思考[J].液压与气动,2013(5):1-8.JI H,ZUO J Y,CHEN Y.Development and Thinking of Hydraulic Component and Energy-saving System in Construction Machinery[J].Hydraulics&Pneumatics,2013(5):1-8.
[2]VAUGHAN N D,JOHNSON D N,BURNELL L R,et al.The Use of Computational Fluid Dynamics in Hydraulic Valve Design[J].Circultcomponent and System Design.New York:John Wiley and Sons,1992,10(3):226-244.
[3]吴建兴,陈伦军,罗艳蕾,等.基于CFD的液压挖掘机速度切换滑阀流道流场分析及结构优化[J].机床与液压,2013,41(9):131-133.WU J X,CHEN L J,LUO Y L,et al.Analysis of Flow Field of Channel and Structural Optimization for Speed Switching Slide Valve in a Hydraulic Excavator Based on CFD[J].Machine Tool&Hydrulics,2013,41(9):131-133.
[4]袁冰,于兰英,柯坚,等.液压滑阀阀芯旋转现象的CFD解析[J].机床与液压,2006(3):131-134.YUAN B,YU L Y,KE J,et al.CFD Simulation of the Rotating Phenomenon of Hydraulic Slide Valve[J].Machine Tool&Hydrulics,2006(3):131-134.
[5]方子帆,贺青松,谭宗柒,等.液压阀阀体内流场的数值分析与可视化[J].三峡大学学报(自然科学版),2011,23(2):63-65.FANG Z F,HE Q S,TAN Z Q,et al.Numerical Analysis and Visualization of Flow Field in Hydraulic Valve[J].Journal of China Three Gorges University(Natural Sciences),2011,23(2):63-65.
[6]VAUGHAN N D,JOHNSON D N,BURNELL L R.The Use of Computational Fluid Dynamics in Hydraulic Valve Design[J].Circult Component and System Design.New York:John Wiley and Sons,1992:226-244.
[7]BORGHI M.Hydraulic Locking-in Spool-type Valves:Tapered Clearances Analysis[J].Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers,Part 1:Journal of Systems and Control Engineering,2001,215(2):157-168.
[8]段少帅,姚平喜,张恒,等.滑阀液动力产生原因与补偿方法[J].流体传动与控制,2010(3):27-30.
[9]刘书胤,杨曙东,吴亮,等.大通径滑阀阀体强度与配合间隙的优化设计[J].液压与气动,2012(5):90-94.LIU S Y,YANG S D,WU L,et al.Optimization Design of the Valve Body Strength and Fit Clearance for a Large Diameter Spool Valve[J].Hydraulics&Pneumatics,2012(5):90-94.
[10]刘晓红,柯坚,刘桓龙.液压滑阀径向间隙温度场的CFD研究[J].机械工程学报,2006,42(s):231-234.LIU X H,KE J,LIU H L.CFD Research on Temperature Field in Radial Clearance of Hydraulic Spool Valve[J].Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2006,42(s):231-234.
[11]张作状,李健楠,陈媛媛.关于滑阀与锥阀中稳态液动力方向的比较分析[J].液压与气动,2009(3):68-69.ZHANG Z Z,LI J N,CHEN Y Y,et al.Steady-state Fluid Force Direction of Comparative Analysis about Slip Valve and Cone Valve[J].Hydraulics&Pneumatics,2009(3):68-69.
[12]郭熛,解宁,郭津津,等.滑阀液动力研究及结构分析[J].液压气动与密封,2012(4):11-15.GUO B,XIE N,GUO J J,et al.Research on Flow Force of the Spool Valve and Structure Analysis[J].Hydraulics Pneumatics&Seals,2012(4):11-15.
[13]胡均平,刘成沛,郭勇,等.液压打桩锤主控滑阀稳态液动力研究[J].合肥工业大学学报(自然科学版),2011,34(12):1787-1791.HU J P,LIU C P,GUO Y,et al.Study of Steady-state Flow Force of Main Control Spool Valve of Hydraulic Pile Driving Hammer[J].Journal of He Fei University of Technology(Natural Sciences),2011,34(12):1787-1791.
[2]VAUGHAN N D,JOHNSON D N,BURNELL L R,et al.The Use of Computational Fluid Dynamics in Hydraulic Valve Design[J].Circultcomponent and System Design.New York:John Wiley and Sons,1992,10(3):226-244.
[3]吴建兴,陈伦军,罗艳蕾,等.基于CFD的液压挖掘机速度切换滑阀流道流场分析及结构优化[J].机床与液压,2013,41(9):131-133.WU J X,CHEN L J,LUO Y L,et al.Analysis of Flow Field of Channel and Structural Optimization for Speed Switching Slide Valve in a Hydraulic Excavator Based on CFD[J].Machine Tool&Hydrulics,2013,41(9):131-133.
[4]袁冰,于兰英,柯坚,等.液压滑阀阀芯旋转现象的CFD解析[J].机床与液压,2006(3):131-134.YUAN B,YU L Y,KE J,et al.CFD Simulation of the Rotating Phenomenon of Hydraulic Slide Valve[J].Machine Tool&Hydrulics,2006(3):131-134.
[5]方子帆,贺青松,谭宗柒,等.液压阀阀体内流场的数值分析与可视化[J].三峡大学学报(自然科学版),2011,23(2):63-65.FANG Z F,HE Q S,TAN Z Q,et al.Numerical Analysis and Visualization of Flow Field in Hydraulic Valve[J].Journal of China Three Gorges University(Natural Sciences),2011,23(2):63-65.
[6]VAUGHAN N D,JOHNSON D N,BURNELL L R.The Use of Computational Fluid Dynamics in Hydraulic Valve Design[J].Circult Component and System Design.New York:John Wiley and Sons,1992:226-244.
[7]BORGHI M.Hydraulic Locking-in Spool-type Valves:Tapered Clearances Analysis[J].Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers,Part 1:Journal of Systems and Control Engineering,2001,215(2):157-168.
[8]段少帅,姚平喜,张恒,等.滑阀液动力产生原因与补偿方法[J].流体传动与控制,2010(3):27-30.
[9]刘书胤,杨曙东,吴亮,等.大通径滑阀阀体强度与配合间隙的优化设计[J].液压与气动,2012(5):90-94.LIU S Y,YANG S D,WU L,et al.Optimization Design of the Valve Body Strength and Fit Clearance for a Large Diameter Spool Valve[J].Hydraulics&Pneumatics,2012(5):90-94.
[10]刘晓红,柯坚,刘桓龙.液压滑阀径向间隙温度场的CFD研究[J].机械工程学报,2006,42(s):231-234.LIU X H,KE J,LIU H L.CFD Research on Temperature Field in Radial Clearance of Hydraulic Spool Valve[J].Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2006,42(s):231-234.
[11]张作状,李健楠,陈媛媛.关于滑阀与锥阀中稳态液动力方向的比较分析[J].液压与气动,2009(3):68-69.ZHANG Z Z,LI J N,CHEN Y Y,et al.Steady-state Fluid Force Direction of Comparative Analysis about Slip Valve and Cone Valve[J].Hydraulics&Pneumatics,2009(3):68-69.
[12]郭熛,解宁,郭津津,等.滑阀液动力研究及结构分析[J].液压气动与密封,2012(4):11-15.GUO B,XIE N,GUO J J,et al.Research on Flow Force of the Spool Valve and Structure Analysis[J].Hydraulics Pneumatics&Seals,2012(4):11-15.
[13]胡均平,刘成沛,郭勇,等.液压打桩锤主控滑阀稳态液动力研究[J].合肥工业大学学报(自然科学版),2011,34(12):1787-1791.HU J P,LIU C P,GUO Y,et al.Study of Steady-state Flow Force of Main Control Spool Valve of Hydraulic Pile Driving Hammer[J].Journal of He Fei University of Technology(Natural Sciences),2011,34(12):1787-1791.