非洲东南部造山型金矿成矿环境与资源潜力分析
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摘要
造山型金矿床是世界上最重要的金矿类型之一。非洲东南部地区发育有大规模的该类型矿床,因此对该地区造山型金矿床的研究具有重要意义。本文通过对非洲东南部地区大地构造格架及演化、造山型金矿床的时空分布、成矿环境及矿床地质特征的总结整理,并结合对该地区典型造山型金矿床的剖析,认为该地区造山型金矿的形成与克拉通及克拉通之间造山带的演化密切相关,空间上主要分布在各克拉通内的绿岩带及克拉通之间造山带内,时间上主要集中于3.20~3.00、2.70~2.55和2.10~1.80Ga 3个时期。在此基础上,对非洲东南部地区划分出基巴拉、乌本迪、泛非、林波波4个主要的造山型金矿成矿潜力区。
The orogenic gold deposit is one of the most important gold deposit types in the world.There are a large number of this type of deposits in Southeast Africa,and it is of great significance to study these orogenic gold deposits in this region.On the basis of summarization of the spatial and temporal distribution,metallogenic environment and geological characteristics of the orogenic gold deposits,together with the analysis of the typical orogenic gold deposit in the region,we suggest that the formation of the orogenic gold deposits in the region was closely related to the evolution of the orogenic belt and craton through the three mineralization stages of 3.20-3.00,2.70-2.55 and 2.10-1.80 Ga.On this basis,four major orogenic gold mineralization potential areas are delineated in Southeast Africa:Kibaran,Ubendian,Pan-Africa and Limpopo.
The orogenic gold deposit is one of the most important gold deposit types in the world.There are a large number of this type of deposits in Southeast Africa,and it is of great significance to study these orogenic gold deposits in this region.On the basis of summarization of the spatial and temporal distribution,metallogenic environment and geological characteristics of the orogenic gold deposits,together with the analysis of the typical orogenic gold deposit in the region,we suggest that the formation of the orogenic gold deposits in the region was closely related to the evolution of the orogenic belt and craton through the three mineralization stages of 3.20-3.00,2.70-2.55 and 2.10-1.80 Ga.On this basis,four major orogenic gold mineralization potential areas are delineated in Southeast Africa:Kibaran,Ubendian,Pan-Africa and Limpopo.
引文
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[12]Tugume F,Nyblade A,JuliàJ,et al.Precambrian Crustal Structure in Africa and Arabia:Evidence Lacking for Secular Variation[J].Tectonophysics,2013,609:250-266.
[13]Dirks P H G M,Charlesworth E G,Munyai M R,et al.Stress Analysis,Postorogenic Extension and 3.01Ga Gold Mineralisation in the Barberton Greenstone Belt,South Africa[J].Precambrian Research,2013,226:157-184.
[14]Markwitz V,Maier W D,González-lvarez I,et al.Magmatic Nickel Sulfide Mineralization in Zimbabwe:Review of Deposits and Development of Exploration Criteria for Prospectivity Analysis[J].Ore Geology Reviews,2010,38:139-155.
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