部分元件N-1下的配电网供电能力与安全域
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摘要
现有配电网供电能力(TSC)和安全域(DSSR)计及所有元件N–1,该文首次研究了部分元件N–1下的TSC和DSSR计算,发现不考虑部分关键元件N–1时,DSSR大小和TSC会较大提升。首先,分别提出了部分元件N–1下的DSSR、TSC和平均供电能力BSC模型及计算方法。其次,发现N–1故障集中不同元件及其组合对TSC和DSSR影响不同,故定义了N–1的关键故障集。然后,提出了一种确定关键故障集的实用方法:先遍历元件计算对TSC和DSSR大小的灵敏度,再综合评价排序,最终通过阈值筛选出关键故障集。算例验证表明,该文方法找到关键故障集后,若对其中元件加强防护、提高其可靠性,近似认为其不发生N–1时,可显著提高DSSR大小和TSC,这是一种提高配电网安全效率水平的新途径。
Existing calculation of total supply capability(TSC) and distribution system security region(DSSR) are both under N–1 constraints of all components. This paper investigates TSC and DSSR under N–1 constraints of partial components, discovering that TSC and DSSR will increase greatly when the N–1 constraints of certain critical components are ignored. The paper proposes models and calculation methods of DSSR, TSC and boundary supply capability(BSC) under N–1 constraints of partial components, respectively. Next, the paper finds out that the results of TSC and DSSR under N–1 constraints of partial components are various, depending on different combinations of components, forming variety of N–1 fault sets. On this basis, the critical N–1 fault components are defined. Then, a practical method determining the critical fault set concerning N–1 constraints is proposed. The detailed process is as follows: 1. traverse the components; then calculate their effect on sensitivity of TSC and DSSR; 2. rank the sets according to comprehensive evaluated index; 3. screen out the critical fault set judged with threshold value. Case study shows that the critical fault sets screened out with the method proposed in this paper are able to enhance both TSC and DSSR greatly under the condition that the protection of the components in the critical fault set is strengthened, and reliability of the components is promoted, approximately assuming that N–1 fault of the components can hardly occur. The paper provides a novel way to improve safety and efficiency of distribution network.
Existing calculation of total supply capability(TSC) and distribution system security region(DSSR) are both under N–1 constraints of all components. This paper investigates TSC and DSSR under N–1 constraints of partial components, discovering that TSC and DSSR will increase greatly when the N–1 constraints of certain critical components are ignored. The paper proposes models and calculation methods of DSSR, TSC and boundary supply capability(BSC) under N–1 constraints of partial components, respectively. Next, the paper finds out that the results of TSC and DSSR under N–1 constraints of partial components are various, depending on different combinations of components, forming variety of N–1 fault sets. On this basis, the critical N–1 fault components are defined. Then, a practical method determining the critical fault set concerning N–1 constraints is proposed. The detailed process is as follows: 1. traverse the components; then calculate their effect on sensitivity of TSC and DSSR; 2. rank the sets according to comprehensive evaluated index; 3. screen out the critical fault set judged with threshold value. Case study shows that the critical fault sets screened out with the method proposed in this paper are able to enhance both TSC and DSSR greatly under the condition that the protection of the components in the critical fault set is strengthened, and reliability of the components is promoted, approximately assuming that N–1 fault of the components can hardly occur. The paper provides a novel way to improve safety and efficiency of distribution network.
引文
[1]肖峻,苏步芸,贡晓旭,等.基于馈线互联关系的配电网安全域模型[J].电力系统保护与控制,2015,43(20):36-44.Xiao Jun,Su Buyun,Gong Xiaoxu,et al.Model of distribution system security region based on interconnections of feeders[J].Power System Protection and Control,2015,43(20):36-44(in Chinese).
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[3]Chen K,Wu W,Zhang B,et al.A method to evaluate total supply capability of distribution systems considering network reconfiguration and daily load curves[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2016,31(3):2096-2104.
[4]肖峻,谷文卓,郭晓丹,等.配电系统供电能力模型[J].电力系统自动化,2011,35(24):47-52.Xiao Jun,Gu Wenzhuo,Guo Xiaodan,et al.A supply capability model for distribution systems[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2011,35(24):47-52(in Chinese).
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[8]王成山,宋关羽,李鹏,等.基于智能软开关的智能配电网柔性互联技术及展望[J].电力系统自动化,2016,40(22):168-175.Wang Chengshan,Song Guanyu,Li Peng,et al.Research and prospect for soft open point based flexible interconnection technology for smart distribution network[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2016,40(22):168-175(in Chinese).
[9]肖峻,刚发运,蒋迅,等.柔性配电网:定义、组网形态与运行方式[J].电网技术,2017,41(5):1435-1442.Xiao Jun,Gang Fayun,Jiang Xun,et al.Flexible distribution network:definition,morphology and operation mode[J].Power System Technology,2017,41(5):1435-1442(in Chinese).
[10]肖峻,刚发运,黄仁乐,等.柔性配电网的最大供电能力模型[J].电力系统自动化,2017,41(5):30-38.Xiao Jun,Gang Fayun,Huang Renle,et al.Total supply capability model for flexible distribution network[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2017,41(5):30-38(in Chinese).
[11]周佳林,刘艳.基于多时段IL用户优化调度的配电网TSC均衡提升策略[J].电力系统保护与控制,2017,45(23):1-8.Zhou Jialin,Liu Yan.A balanced improving scheme for distribution network TSC based on multi-period IL user optimal scheduling[J].Power System Protection and Control,2017,45(23):1-8(in Chinese).
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[14]鞠文云,李银红.基于最大流传输贡献度的电力网关键线路和节点辨识[J].电力系统自动化,2012,36(9):6-12.Ju Wenyun,Li Yinhong.Identification of critical lines and nodes in power grid based on maximum flow transmission contribution degree[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2012,36(9):6-12(in Chinese).
[15]张才斌,游昊,李本瑜,等.计及拓扑结构和运行状态的支路重要度评估方法[J].电力系统自动化,2017,41(7):15-20.Zhang Caibin,You Hao,Li Benyu,et al.Assessment method of branch importance considering topological structure and operation state[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2017,41(7):15-20(in Chinese).
[16]Carot V,Sanz J.Criticality and sensitivity analysis of the components of a system[J].Reliability Engineering&System Safety,2000,68(2):147-152.
[17]常康,韩学山,王孟夏,等.电网关键元件及其单调性研究I:概念与基础[J].电力系统保护与控制,2009,37(6):1-5.Chang Kang,Han Xueshan,Wang Mengxia,et al.Study on the crucial element and its monotone in power grid part?:concepts and foundation[J].Power System Protection and Control,2009,37(6):1-5(in Chinese).
[18]J?nsson H,Johansson J,Johansson H.Identifying critical components in technical infrastructure networks[J].Journal of Risk&Reliability,2017,222(2):235-243.
[19]Espiritu J F,Coit D W,Prakash U.Component criticality importance measures for the power industry[J].Electric Power Systems Research,2007,77(5):407-420.
[20]肖峻,张苗苗,祖国强,等.配电系统安全域的体积[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,37(8):2222-2230.Xiao Jun,Zhang Miaomiao,Zu Guoqiang,et al.Volume of distribution system security region[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2017,37(8):2222-2230(in Chinese).
[21]肖峻,张宝强,邵经鹏,等.配电网安全域的全维观测[J].电力系统自动化,2018,42(16):73-79.Xiao Jun,Zhang Baoqiang,Shao Jingpeng,et al.Full-dimensional observation of distribution system security region[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2018,42(16):73-79(in Chinese).
[22]王虎.基于广义特勒根定理的电网脆弱性研究[D].南京:南京理工大学,2009.
[23]张炳江.层次分析法及其应用案例[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2014.
[24]荆朝霞,李晓波,邬志峰,等.一种综合考虑馈线和主变约束的配电网主变N-1校验方法[J].电力系统保护与控制,2017,45(1):111-117.Jing Zhaoxia,Li Xiaobo,Wu Zhifeng,et al.A method of maintransformer N-1 verification for distribution network considering feeder and main-transformer constraints[J].Power System Protection and Control,2017,45(1):111-117(in Chinese).
[25]杨晓梅,赵浛,归三荣,等.基于线路分段负荷转移的中压配电系统N-1校验[J].电工电能新技术,2016,35(8):66-72.Yang Xiaomei,Zhao Han,Gui Sanrong,et al.N-1 verification of distribution system based on subsection load transfer[J].Advanced Technology of Electrical Engineering and Energy,2016,35(8):66-72(in Chinese).
[26]Meng F C.Comparing the importance of system components by some structural characteristics[J].IEEE Transactions on Reliability,1996,45(1):59-65.
[27]徐敬友,陈冲,罗纯坚,等.基于改进复杂网络模型的电网关键环节辨识[J].电力系统自动化,2016,40(10):53-61.Xu Jingyou,Chen Chong,Luo Chunjian,et al.Identification of power grid key parts based on improved complex network model[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2016,40(10):53-61(in Chinese).
[2]Yang T,Yu Y.Static voltage security region-based coordinated voltage control in smart distribution grids[J].IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid,2017,PP(99):1-1.
[3]Chen K,Wu W,Zhang B,et al.A method to evaluate total supply capability of distribution systems considering network reconfiguration and daily load curves[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2016,31(3):2096-2104.
[4]肖峻,谷文卓,郭晓丹,等.配电系统供电能力模型[J].电力系统自动化,2011,35(24):47-52.Xiao Jun,Gu Wenzhuo,Guo Xiaodan,et al.A supply capability model for distribution systems[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2011,35(24):47-52(in Chinese).
[5]Ding T,Li C,Zhao C,et al.Total supply capability considering distribution network reconfiguration under N-?k transformer contingency and the decomposition method[J].IET Generation Transmission&Distribution,2017,11(5):1212-1222.
[6]肖峻,祖国强,李晓辉,等.基于最大供电能力的配电网馈线联络建设次序规划方法[J].电力系统自动化,2014,38(11):49-55.Xiao Jun,Zu Guoqiang,Li Xiaohui,et al.A TSC-based planning method on construction order of feeder links for distribution networks[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2014,38(11):49-55(in Chinese).
[7]肖峻,祖国强,贺琪博,等.馈线联络对配电网最大供电能力的作用机理[J].电力系统自动化,2015,39(8):38-44,52.Xiao Jun,Zu Guoqiang,He Qibo,et al.Influence mechanism of feeder links on total supply capability for distribution networks[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2015,39(8):38-44,52(in Chinese).
[8]王成山,宋关羽,李鹏,等.基于智能软开关的智能配电网柔性互联技术及展望[J].电力系统自动化,2016,40(22):168-175.Wang Chengshan,Song Guanyu,Li Peng,et al.Research and prospect for soft open point based flexible interconnection technology for smart distribution network[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2016,40(22):168-175(in Chinese).
[9]肖峻,刚发运,蒋迅,等.柔性配电网:定义、组网形态与运行方式[J].电网技术,2017,41(5):1435-1442.Xiao Jun,Gang Fayun,Jiang Xun,et al.Flexible distribution network:definition,morphology and operation mode[J].Power System Technology,2017,41(5):1435-1442(in Chinese).
[10]肖峻,刚发运,黄仁乐,等.柔性配电网的最大供电能力模型[J].电力系统自动化,2017,41(5):30-38.Xiao Jun,Gang Fayun,Huang Renle,et al.Total supply capability model for flexible distribution network[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2017,41(5):30-38(in Chinese).
[11]周佳林,刘艳.基于多时段IL用户优化调度的配电网TSC均衡提升策略[J].电力系统保护与控制,2017,45(23):1-8.Zhou Jialin,Liu Yan.A balanced improving scheme for distribution network TSC based on multi-period IL user optimal scheduling[J].Power System Protection and Control,2017,45(23):1-8(in Chinese).
[12]国家电网公司.Q/GDW 156-2006,城市电力网规划设计导则[S].北京:中国电力出版社,2006.
[13]肖峻,张苗苗,司超然,等.配电网的供电能力分布[J].电网技术,2017,41(10):3326-3332.Xiao Jun,Zhang Miaomiao,Si Chaoran,et al.Supply capability distribution of distribution systems[J].Power System Technology,2017,41(10):3326-3332(in Chinese).
[14]鞠文云,李银红.基于最大流传输贡献度的电力网关键线路和节点辨识[J].电力系统自动化,2012,36(9):6-12.Ju Wenyun,Li Yinhong.Identification of critical lines and nodes in power grid based on maximum flow transmission contribution degree[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2012,36(9):6-12(in Chinese).
[15]张才斌,游昊,李本瑜,等.计及拓扑结构和运行状态的支路重要度评估方法[J].电力系统自动化,2017,41(7):15-20.Zhang Caibin,You Hao,Li Benyu,et al.Assessment method of branch importance considering topological structure and operation state[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2017,41(7):15-20(in Chinese).
[16]Carot V,Sanz J.Criticality and sensitivity analysis of the components of a system[J].Reliability Engineering&System Safety,2000,68(2):147-152.
[17]常康,韩学山,王孟夏,等.电网关键元件及其单调性研究I:概念与基础[J].电力系统保护与控制,2009,37(6):1-5.Chang Kang,Han Xueshan,Wang Mengxia,et al.Study on the crucial element and its monotone in power grid part?:concepts and foundation[J].Power System Protection and Control,2009,37(6):1-5(in Chinese).
[18]J?nsson H,Johansson J,Johansson H.Identifying critical components in technical infrastructure networks[J].Journal of Risk&Reliability,2017,222(2):235-243.
[19]Espiritu J F,Coit D W,Prakash U.Component criticality importance measures for the power industry[J].Electric Power Systems Research,2007,77(5):407-420.
[20]肖峻,张苗苗,祖国强,等.配电系统安全域的体积[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,37(8):2222-2230.Xiao Jun,Zhang Miaomiao,Zu Guoqiang,et al.Volume of distribution system security region[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2017,37(8):2222-2230(in Chinese).
[21]肖峻,张宝强,邵经鹏,等.配电网安全域的全维观测[J].电力系统自动化,2018,42(16):73-79.Xiao Jun,Zhang Baoqiang,Shao Jingpeng,et al.Full-dimensional observation of distribution system security region[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2018,42(16):73-79(in Chinese).
[22]王虎.基于广义特勒根定理的电网脆弱性研究[D].南京:南京理工大学,2009.
[23]张炳江.层次分析法及其应用案例[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2014.
[24]荆朝霞,李晓波,邬志峰,等.一种综合考虑馈线和主变约束的配电网主变N-1校验方法[J].电力系统保护与控制,2017,45(1):111-117.Jing Zhaoxia,Li Xiaobo,Wu Zhifeng,et al.A method of maintransformer N-1 verification for distribution network considering feeder and main-transformer constraints[J].Power System Protection and Control,2017,45(1):111-117(in Chinese).
[25]杨晓梅,赵浛,归三荣,等.基于线路分段负荷转移的中压配电系统N-1校验[J].电工电能新技术,2016,35(8):66-72.Yang Xiaomei,Zhao Han,Gui Sanrong,et al.N-1 verification of distribution system based on subsection load transfer[J].Advanced Technology of Electrical Engineering and Energy,2016,35(8):66-72(in Chinese).
[26]Meng F C.Comparing the importance of system components by some structural characteristics[J].IEEE Transactions on Reliability,1996,45(1):59-65.
[27]徐敬友,陈冲,罗纯坚,等.基于改进复杂网络模型的电网关键环节辨识[J].电力系统自动化,2016,40(10):53-61.Xu Jingyou,Chen Chong,Luo Chunjian,et al.Identification of power grid key parts based on improved complex network model[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2016,40(10):53-61(in Chinese).