强化-维持健康教育对冠心病患者自我管理影响的研究
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摘要
目的探讨强化-维持健康教育对社区冠心病患者疾病相关知识水平、自我管理、再入院率的影响。方法 2017年3-12月采用方便抽样法选取武汉市某社区冠心病患者60例为研究对象,对其实施强化-维持健康教育,以冠心病相关知识问卷评价患者知识水平,冠心病自我管理行为量表(CSMS)评估患者自我管理能力,监测患者再入院率。结果强化-维持干预后患者疾病相关知识总分及各维度得分明显高于干预前(P<0.05),干预后冠心病相关知识问卷中诱发因素、药物知识2个维度得分低于干预前(P<0.05),其他维度比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);强化-维持干预后CSMS总分及各维度得分优于干预前(P<0.05);强化-维持干预后再入院率明显低于干预前(P<0.05)。结论强化-维持健康教育能有效提高并维持社区冠心病患者疾病相关知识水平,从而提升其自我管理能力,降低其再入院率。
Objective To study the effect of intensive-maintenance health education on disease related knowledge, self-management and readmission rate of patients with coronary heart disease in community. Methods 60 patients with coronary heart disease(CHD) from March to December 2017 in Wuhan community were selected by convenient sampling method, and their knowledge level was evaluated by questionnaire of coronary heart disease related knowledge. Coronary heart disease self-management behavior scale(CSMS) was used to assess self-management ability and to monitor readmission rate. Results The total score of disease related knowledge and the scores of each dimension after intensive maintenance intervention were significantly higher than those before intervention(P<0.05). The evoked factors of coronary heart disease related knowledge questionnaire after observation period were significantly higher than those before intervention(P<0.05). The scores of two dimensions of drug knowledge were lower than those of before observation period(P<0.05), but there was no significant difference in other dimensions(P>0.05), the total score of CSMS and the scores of each dimension after intensive maintenance intervention were better than those before intervention(P<0.05), and the readmission rate after intensive-maintenance intervention was significantly lower than that before intervention(P<0. 05). Conclusion Strengthening and maintaining health education can effectively improve and maintain the knowledge level of coronary heart disease patients in community, so as to improve their self-management ability and reduce their readmission rate.
Objective To study the effect of intensive-maintenance health education on disease related knowledge, self-management and readmission rate of patients with coronary heart disease in community. Methods 60 patients with coronary heart disease(CHD) from March to December 2017 in Wuhan community were selected by convenient sampling method, and their knowledge level was evaluated by questionnaire of coronary heart disease related knowledge. Coronary heart disease self-management behavior scale(CSMS) was used to assess self-management ability and to monitor readmission rate. Results The total score of disease related knowledge and the scores of each dimension after intensive maintenance intervention were significantly higher than those before intervention(P<0.05). The evoked factors of coronary heart disease related knowledge questionnaire after observation period were significantly higher than those before intervention(P<0.05). The scores of two dimensions of drug knowledge were lower than those of before observation period(P<0.05), but there was no significant difference in other dimensions(P>0.05), the total score of CSMS and the scores of each dimension after intensive maintenance intervention were better than those before intervention(P<0.05), and the readmission rate after intensive-maintenance intervention was significantly lower than that before intervention(P<0. 05). Conclusion Strengthening and maintaining health education can effectively improve and maintain the knowledge level of coronary heart disease patients in community, so as to improve their self-management ability and reduce their readmission rate.
引文
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[9] 杨京晶,李曼都,杜文碧.艾宾浩斯遗忘曲线应用于糖尿病健康教育的效果分析[J].华南国防医学杂志,2014,28(12):1237-1239.
[10] 谭彩霞.流动儿童家长计划免疫知识健康教育干预效果研究[J].健康教育与健康促进,2010,5(2):88-90.
[11] McCartney D E,McManus R J.Self-monitoring and self-management:new interventions to improve blood pressure control[J].Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens,2016,25(6):502-507.
[12] 刘华玲,黄雪嘉,赵惠芬.自我管理模式在冠心病PCI术后出院患者心脏康复中的应用[J].心血管病防治知识(学术版),2016,7:59-61.
[13] 伏蕊,杨跃进,许海燕,等.中国不同性别急性心肌梗死患者临床症状及诱发因素的差异分析[J].中国循环杂志,2014,29(12):964-967.
[14] 董洁.老年冠心病患者猝死的诱发因素分析和护理对策[J].现代医学与健康研究,2017,1(7):110.
[15] 李瑞.社区健康教育在提高冠心病患者自我管理能力中的应用[J].赣南医学院学报,2017,37(2):256-257.
[16] 赵淑娟,赵红卫,王丽霞,等.冠心病患者服药依从性及其影响因素分析[J].中国医院药学杂志,2015,35(6):543-547.
[17] 杨彦.随访模式对冠心病支架置入术后抗血小板治疗依从性及1年再入院率的影响[J].血栓与止血学,2017,23(3):393-395.
[2] 杜小静,冯翠娜,张莉莉.治疗性生活方式健康教育在冠心病二级预防中的作用[J].现代预防医学,2015,42(3):470-472.
[3] 刘爱花.微信教育对中青年高血压患者出院后自我管理能力的影响[J].中国药物与临床,2017,17(2):291-292.
[4] Farris C,The teach back method[J].Home Health c Now,2015,33(6):344-345.
[5] 沈熠.出院后护理干预对冠脉搭桥患者健康相关行为的影响[J].中西医结合杂志,2013,22(11):1230-1231.
[6] 中华医学会心血管病学分会,中国康复医学会心血管病专业委员会,中国老年学学会心脑血管病专业委员会.冠心病康复与二级预防中国专家共识[J].中华全科医师杂志,2014,13(5):340-348.
[7] 肖美莲,陶新陆.住院冠心病患者疾病知识掌握情况及影响因素分析[J].护理学杂志,2008,23(17):19-20.
[8] 任洪艳,刘丽萍,赵庆华.冠心病患者自我管理行为及相关因素分析[J].第三军医大学学报,2009,31(14):1374-1377.
[9] 杨京晶,李曼都,杜文碧.艾宾浩斯遗忘曲线应用于糖尿病健康教育的效果分析[J].华南国防医学杂志,2014,28(12):1237-1239.
[10] 谭彩霞.流动儿童家长计划免疫知识健康教育干预效果研究[J].健康教育与健康促进,2010,5(2):88-90.
[11] McCartney D E,McManus R J.Self-monitoring and self-management:new interventions to improve blood pressure control[J].Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens,2016,25(6):502-507.
[12] 刘华玲,黄雪嘉,赵惠芬.自我管理模式在冠心病PCI术后出院患者心脏康复中的应用[J].心血管病防治知识(学术版),2016,7:59-61.
[13] 伏蕊,杨跃进,许海燕,等.中国不同性别急性心肌梗死患者临床症状及诱发因素的差异分析[J].中国循环杂志,2014,29(12):964-967.
[14] 董洁.老年冠心病患者猝死的诱发因素分析和护理对策[J].现代医学与健康研究,2017,1(7):110.
[15] 李瑞.社区健康教育在提高冠心病患者自我管理能力中的应用[J].赣南医学院学报,2017,37(2):256-257.
[16] 赵淑娟,赵红卫,王丽霞,等.冠心病患者服药依从性及其影响因素分析[J].中国医院药学杂志,2015,35(6):543-547.
[17] 杨彦.随访模式对冠心病支架置入术后抗血小板治疗依从性及1年再入院率的影响[J].血栓与止血学,2017,23(3):393-395.