浓度差对电解直接制备碳酸锂过程的影响
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摘要
研究了阳极液质量浓度为300 g/L的条件下,阴极液的质量浓度分别为50,100,200,300,400 g/L时,电解过程中阴极液pH和温度的不同变化以及不同Li_2CO_3产物的相组成和微观形态.实验结果表明:电解过程中的反应机理并不受浓度或浓度差的影响,但浓度差对反应进行的速率和限度存在较大影响;电解产物产量和电流效率随着浓度差减小或阴极液浓度升高而增大;电解得到的Li_2CO_3晶体为单斜晶系,浓度差使Li_2CO_3产品结晶程度升高,晶粒更细小.综合考虑,阴极液LiCl质量浓度为100 g/L,即阳极液与阴极液质量浓度差为200 g/L是较优的电解参数.
The variations of cathode liquid pH and temperature and the phase composition and microstructure of Li_2CO_3 products were studied during the electrolytic process when the anolyte concentration was 300 g/L and catholyte concentration were 50,100,200,300 and 400 g/L,respectively.The results show that the concentration or concentration difference has little effect on the reaction mechanism in the electrolysis process,while the concentration difference has a great influence on the speed and the limit of the reaction.The amount of Li_2CO_3 products and current efficiency increase with the decrease of the concentration difference or concentration of catholyte.The crystallography of Li_2CO_3 produced from electrolysis is monoclinic.Moreover,the concentration difference not only increases the crystallization degree of Li_2CO_3 products but also refines the grains.The optimal catholyte concentration of LiCl as the electrolytic parameter is 100 g/L,ie,the concentration difference between anode and cathode liquid is 200 g/L.
The variations of cathode liquid pH and temperature and the phase composition and microstructure of Li_2CO_3 products were studied during the electrolytic process when the anolyte concentration was 300 g/L and catholyte concentration were 50,100,200,300 and 400 g/L,respectively.The results show that the concentration or concentration difference has little effect on the reaction mechanism in the electrolysis process,while the concentration difference has a great influence on the speed and the limit of the reaction.The amount of Li_2CO_3 products and current efficiency increase with the decrease of the concentration difference or concentration of catholyte.The crystallography of Li_2CO_3 produced from electrolysis is monoclinic.Moreover,the concentration difference not only increases the crystallization degree of Li_2CO_3 products but also refines the grains.The optimal catholyte concentration of LiCl as the electrolytic parameter is 100 g/L,ie,the concentration difference between anode and cathode liquid is 200 g/L.
引文
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[2]封国富,张晓.世界锂工业发展格局的变化对中国锂工业的影响和对策[J].稀有金属,2003,27(1):57-61.(Feng Guo-fu,Zhang Xiao.The effect of the development pattern of the world lithium industry on the lithium industry in China and the countermeasures[J].Chinese Journal of Rare Metals,2003,27(1):57-61.)
[3]Sun Y Z,Song X F,Wang J,et al.Preparation of lithium carbonate hollow spheres by spray pyrolysis[J].Crystal Research and Technology,2011,46(2):173-177.
[4]Goodenough J B,Kim Y.Challenges for rechargeable Li batteries[J].Chemistry of Materials,2010,22(3):587-603.
[5]陶箴奇.以盐湖碳酸锂为原料制备电池级碳酸锂的研究[D].西宁:青海大学,2016.(Tao Zhen-qi.Study on preparation of battery grade lithium carbonate by lithium carbonate produced from salt lakes[D].Xining:Qinghai University,2016.)
[6]Mu P T,Zheng Y,Yu X D.The research progress on preparation of battery-grade lithium carbonate from salt lake[J].Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition),2014,88(1):359-360.
[7]Zhao Q F,Wu J,Yao Y C.Effect of carbonation temperature on the purification of lithium carbonate[J].Advanced Materials Research.2014,846/847:1911-1914.
[8]Xu Z H,Zhang H J,Wang R Y,et al.Systemic and direct production of battery-grade lithium carbonate from a saline lake[J].Industrial&Engineering Chemistry Research,2014,53(42):16502-16507.
[9]Sitando O,Crouse P L.Processing of a Zimbabwean petalite to obtain lithium carbonate[J].International Journal of Mineral Processing,2012,102/103:45-50.
[10]Sun Y Z,Song X F,Wang J,et al.Determination of seeded super solubility of lithium carbonate using FBRM[J].Journal of Crystal Growth,2010,312(2):294-300.
[11]Sun Y Z,Song X F,Wang J,et al.Preparation of Li2CO3 by gas-liquid reactive crystallization of LiOH and CO2[J].Crystal Research and Technology,2012,47(4):437-442.
[12]Felix B,Reiner H.New concepts for lithium minerals processing[J].Mineral Engineering,2010,23(8):659-661.
[13]王彦飞,王磊鑫,邢红,等.反应结晶制备碳酸锂的粒度及形貌控制[J].无机盐工业,2016,48(9):13-17.(Wang Yan-fei,Wang Lei-xin,Xing Hong,et al.Size and morphology controlling of lithium carbonate in reactive crystallization process[J].Inorganic Chemicals Industry,2016,48(9):13-17.)
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