等离子体微表处理胶粉改性沥青工艺条件优化分析
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摘要
为提高橡胶回收再利用效率,进一步改善胶粉改性沥青路用性能,采用等离子微表处理方法对胶粉进行活化处理。处理工艺条件(包括功率和时间)对胶粉改性沥青的性能影响较为关键,利用不同处理功率和处理时间分别制备了9组等离子微表处理胶粉的改性沥青,通过比较其针入度、软化点以及动态剪切试验结果,探究不同条件对胶粉改性沥青性能影响的规律,进而结合灰关联模糊评价模型确定等离子体微表处理方法的最佳工艺条件。研究结果表明:采用40目胶粉且其质量掺量为15%时,处理功率和处理时间与关联度值存在线性增长关系,且随着处理功率或时间的增加,均有胶粉改性沥青的针入度降低,软化点升高的趋势;在70℃温度下,等离子体活化胶粉的改性沥青车辙因子G~*/sin(δ)值呈现增大趋势,表明等离子微表处理技术可有效改善胶粉改性沥青的高温稳定性,且性能受到功率和时间显著影响。灰色关联模糊评价方法分析结果显示:排序关联度值最大为0.920 8,可以确定等离子体处理方法最佳处理功率和处理时间分别为250 W和8 min。结合处理工艺条件与关联度值拟合结果可知,功率拟合线斜率比时间拟合斜率更大,与处理时间相比,处理功率对于胶粉改性沥青高温性能影响更大。
In order to improve the efficiency of rubber recycling and further improve the performance of crumb rubber modified asphalt, the use of plasma micrometer processing method to activate the crumb rubber particle is proposed. However, the effects of different processing conditions(including treatment power and time) on the properties of crumb rubber modified asphalt are extremely important. Nine groups of modified asphalt were prepared using various treatment powers and processing times. To investigate the influence of various conditions and determine the optimal plasma micrograph processing conditions, gray-relational fuzzy evaluation model and tests(including penetration, softening point, and dynamic shear test) were conducted. The results show a linear relationship between the processing power and processing time when 40 mesh and 15% crumb rubber were used. At the same time, the penetration value decreased and softening point increased with increasing treatment power and duration. The rutting factor G~*/sin(δ) value at 70 ℃ also increased and presented a similar trend, indicating that plasma micrometer processing technology can effectively improve the high-temperature stability of crumb rubber modified asphalt; and performance was significantly affected by power and time. According to the analysis results of the gray relational fuzzy evaluation method, the maximum degree of correlation is 0.920 8, which indicates that the optimal processing power and processing time can be determined as 250 W and 8 min, respectively. Moreover, according to the fitting results of process conditions and correlation values, the slopes of the power-fitting lines were higher than those of the duration. This shows that processing power has a stronger influence on the high-temperature performance of crumb rubber modified asphalt.
In order to improve the efficiency of rubber recycling and further improve the performance of crumb rubber modified asphalt, the use of plasma micrometer processing method to activate the crumb rubber particle is proposed. However, the effects of different processing conditions(including treatment power and time) on the properties of crumb rubber modified asphalt are extremely important. Nine groups of modified asphalt were prepared using various treatment powers and processing times. To investigate the influence of various conditions and determine the optimal plasma micrograph processing conditions, gray-relational fuzzy evaluation model and tests(including penetration, softening point, and dynamic shear test) were conducted. The results show a linear relationship between the processing power and processing time when 40 mesh and 15% crumb rubber were used. At the same time, the penetration value decreased and softening point increased with increasing treatment power and duration. The rutting factor G~*/sin(δ) value at 70 ℃ also increased and presented a similar trend, indicating that plasma micrometer processing technology can effectively improve the high-temperature stability of crumb rubber modified asphalt; and performance was significantly affected by power and time. According to the analysis results of the gray relational fuzzy evaluation method, the maximum degree of correlation is 0.920 8, which indicates that the optimal processing power and processing time can be determined as 250 W and 8 min, respectively. Moreover, according to the fitting results of process conditions and correlation values, the slopes of the power-fitting lines were higher than those of the duration. This shows that processing power has a stronger influence on the high-temperature performance of crumb rubber modified asphalt.
引文
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[15] 康爱红.活化废胶粉改性沥青机理研究[J].公路交通科技,2008,25(7):12-16.KANG Ai-hong.Study on Mechanism of Activated Waste Rubber Modified Asphalt [J].Highway Traffic Science and Technology,2008,25 (7):12-16.
[16] HEGEMANN D,BRUNNER H,OEHR C.Plasma Treatment of Polymers for Surface and Adhesion Improvement [J].Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research B,2003,208:281-286.
[17] LISTON E,MARTINU L.Plasma Surface Modification of Polymers for Improved Adhesion:A Critical Review [J].Journal of Adhesion Science and Technology,1993,7 (10):1091-1127.
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[19] GENGENBACH T R,GRIESSER H J.Post-deposition Ageing Reactions Differ Markedly Between Plasma Polymers Deposited from Siloxane and Silazane Monomers [J].Polymer,1999,40:5079-5094.
[20] CHENG C,ZHANG L,ZHAN R.Surface Modification of Polymer Fibre by the New Atmospheric Pressure Cold Plasma Jet [J].Surface & Coating Technology,2006,200:6659-6665.
[21] 李岩,张勇,张隐西.等离子体改性废橡胶胶粉及其与PVC共混复合材料的研究[J].高分子材料科学与工程,2005,21(3):239-242.LI Yan,ZHANG Yong,ZHANG Yin-xi.Study on Plasma-modified Waste Rubber Powder and Its Blends with PVC [J].Polymer Materials Science and Engineering,2005,21 (3):239-242.
[22] 原健安.丁苯橡胶改性沥青的机理分析[J].石油沥青,1995(3):46-48.YUAN Jian-an.Mechanism Analysis of Styrene-butadiene Rubber Modified Asphalt [J].Petroleum Asphalt,1995 (3):46-48.
[23] 李晓琳.基于流变特性沥青高低温性能综合评价指标的研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2013.LI Xiao-lin.Research on the Comprehensive Evaluation Indexes of High and Low Temperature Properties of Asphalt Based on Rheological Properties [D].Harbin:Harbin Institute of Technology,2013.
[24] YUSOFF N I M,JAKARNI F M,NGUYEN V H,et al.Modelling the Rheological Properties of Bituminous Binders Using Mathematical Equations [J].Construction and Building Materials,2013,40:174-188.
[25] NEWMAN J K.Dynamic Shear Rheological Properties of Polymer-modified Asphalt Binders [J].Journal of Elastomers & Plastics,1998,30 (3):245-263.
[2] SHEN J N,AMIRKHANIAN S.The Influence of Crumb Rubber Modifier (CRM) Microstructures on the High Temperature Properties of CRM Binders [J].The International Journal of Pavement Engineering,2005,6 (4):265-271.
[3] XIAO F P,AMIRKHANIAN S N,SHEN J N,et al.Influences of Crumb Rubber Size and Type on Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP) Mixtures [J].Construction & Building Materials,2009,23 (2):1028-1034.
[4] MASHAAN N S,KARIM M R.Waste Tyre Rubber in Asphalt Pavement Modification [J].Materials Research Innovations,2014,18 (S6):6-9.
[5] ANYSZKA R,BIELINSKI D M,PEDZICH Z,et al.Influence of Surface-modified Montmorillonites on Properties of Silicone Rubber-based Ceramizable Composites [J].Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry,2015,119 (1):111-121.
[6] MOYANO M A,MARTIN-MARTINEZ J M.Surface Treatment with UV-ozone to Improve Adhesion of Vulcanized Rubber Formulated with an Excess of Processing Oil [J].International Journal of Adhesion and Adhesive,2014,55:106-103.
[7] AIREY G D,SINGLETON T M,COLLOP A C.Properties of Polymer Modified Bitumen After Rubber-bitumen Interaction [J].Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering,2002,14 (4):344-354.
[8] ZANZOTTO L,KENNEPOHL G J.Development of Rubber and Asphalt Binders by Depolymerization and Devulcanization of Scrap Tires in Asphalt [J].Transportation Research Record,1996 (1530):51-58.
[9] ROTH J R.Industrial Plasma Engineering,Volume 1:Principles [M].Bristol:Institute of Physics Publishing,2000.
[10] NOESKE M,DEGENHARDT J,STRUDTHOFF S,et al.Plasma Jet Treatment of Five Polymers at Atmospheric Pressure:Surface Modifications and Relevance of Adhesion [J].International Journal of Adhesion and Adhesive,2004,24 (2):171-177.
[11] ABDELRAHMAN M A,CARPENTER S H.Mechanism of Interaction of Asphalt Cement with Crumb Rubber Modifier [J].Transportation Research Record,1999 (1661):106-113.
[12] 范春华,涂娟,杨汉文,等.废轮胎胎面胶粉改性沥青性能研究[J].交通科技,2011(5):80-82.FAN Chun-hua,TU Juan,YANG Han-wen,et al.Research on the Performance of Crumb Tire Rubber Modified Asphalt [J].Transportation & Technology,2011 (5):80-82.
[13] 全旭东.废橡胶粉改性沥青界面作用机理及性能研究[D].武汉:武汉科技大学,2011.QUAN Xu-dong.Study on Mechanism and Properties of Waste Rubber Powder Modified Asphalt Interface [D].Wuhan:Wuhan University of Science and Technology,2011.
[14] 马爱群.微波辐射活化废胶粉改性沥青性能及共混机理研究[D].扬州:扬州大学,2006.MA Ai-qun.Study on the Properties and Blending Mechanism of Modified Asphalt with Microwave Radiation Activated Waste Rubber [D].Yangzhou:Yangzhou University,2006.
[15] 康爱红.活化废胶粉改性沥青机理研究[J].公路交通科技,2008,25(7):12-16.KANG Ai-hong.Study on Mechanism of Activated Waste Rubber Modified Asphalt [J].Highway Traffic Science and Technology,2008,25 (7):12-16.
[16] HEGEMANN D,BRUNNER H,OEHR C.Plasma Treatment of Polymers for Surface and Adhesion Improvement [J].Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research B,2003,208:281-286.
[17] LISTON E,MARTINU L.Plasma Surface Modification of Polymers for Improved Adhesion:A Critical Review [J].Journal of Adhesion Science and Technology,1993,7 (10):1091-1127.
[18] FOZZA A C,KLEMBERG-SAPIEHA J E,WERTHEIMER M.Vacuum Ultraviolet Irradiation of Polymers [J].Plasmas and Polymers,1999,4 (2/3):183-206.
[19] GENGENBACH T R,GRIESSER H J.Post-deposition Ageing Reactions Differ Markedly Between Plasma Polymers Deposited from Siloxane and Silazane Monomers [J].Polymer,1999,40:5079-5094.
[20] CHENG C,ZHANG L,ZHAN R.Surface Modification of Polymer Fibre by the New Atmospheric Pressure Cold Plasma Jet [J].Surface & Coating Technology,2006,200:6659-6665.
[21] 李岩,张勇,张隐西.等离子体改性废橡胶胶粉及其与PVC共混复合材料的研究[J].高分子材料科学与工程,2005,21(3):239-242.LI Yan,ZHANG Yong,ZHANG Yin-xi.Study on Plasma-modified Waste Rubber Powder and Its Blends with PVC [J].Polymer Materials Science and Engineering,2005,21 (3):239-242.
[22] 原健安.丁苯橡胶改性沥青的机理分析[J].石油沥青,1995(3):46-48.YUAN Jian-an.Mechanism Analysis of Styrene-butadiene Rubber Modified Asphalt [J].Petroleum Asphalt,1995 (3):46-48.
[23] 李晓琳.基于流变特性沥青高低温性能综合评价指标的研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2013.LI Xiao-lin.Research on the Comprehensive Evaluation Indexes of High and Low Temperature Properties of Asphalt Based on Rheological Properties [D].Harbin:Harbin Institute of Technology,2013.
[24] YUSOFF N I M,JAKARNI F M,NGUYEN V H,et al.Modelling the Rheological Properties of Bituminous Binders Using Mathematical Equations [J].Construction and Building Materials,2013,40:174-188.
[25] NEWMAN J K.Dynamic Shear Rheological Properties of Polymer-modified Asphalt Binders [J].Journal of Elastomers & Plastics,1998,30 (3):245-263.