高原特色中药材病虫草鼠害发生危害初探
|
摘要
2012—2014年,针对云南省规模化种植的8种高原特色中药材,采用分类、分级普查法,开展病虫草鼠害调查研究,发现共有28种病虫、22种杂草、6种害鼠;总体发生特点为病害重于虫害;草害发生普遍,程度因种植方式而异;鼠害普遍较重,卡式小鼠为优势种。用统计图表法、t测验、相关性分析、回归分析等方法,对根腐病、地老虎的发生为害与气温、降雨量等气象条件的相关性进行了具体分析,结果表明玛咖根腐病的病情指数与旬均气温、旬降雨量呈显著正相关,滇重楼根腐病相关性次之,珠子参根腐病相关性较小;地老虎的虫情指数与旬均气温之间有一定相关性。
Pests against 8 specie s of large-scale plateau planting Chinese medicinal crops were investigated in Yunnan province by general investigation with classification from 2012 to 2014, and 28 species of disease and insect pests, 22 kinds of weeds, 6 kinds of rodents were found. Occurring degree of the diseases was heavier than insect pests. Weeds were widespread with difference due to different planting patterns. Rodents were generally heavier and Mus kahkyenensis was dominant species.Correlation between occurrence of root rot disease and cut worm and factors of temperature and rainfall were analyzed with methods of statistical chart, t-test and regression equation. The results showed that root rot disease index was positive correlated to local ten-day average temperature and rainfall, and correlation of the disease against Lepidum meyenii Walp was remarkablely, and that against Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis was next, and that against Panax Japonicus C.A. Meyer was less.There were certain positive correlation between insect pest index of cut worm and local ten-day average temperature.
Pests against 8 specie s of large-scale plateau planting Chinese medicinal crops were investigated in Yunnan province by general investigation with classification from 2012 to 2014, and 28 species of disease and insect pests, 22 kinds of weeds, 6 kinds of rodents were found. Occurring degree of the diseases was heavier than insect pests. Weeds were widespread with difference due to different planting patterns. Rodents were generally heavier and Mus kahkyenensis was dominant species.Correlation between occurrence of root rot disease and cut worm and factors of temperature and rainfall were analyzed with methods of statistical chart, t-test and regression equation. The results showed that root rot disease index was positive correlated to local ten-day average temperature and rainfall, and correlation of the disease against Lepidum meyenii Walp was remarkablely, and that against Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis was next, and that against Panax Japonicus C.A. Meyer was less.There were certain positive correlation between insect pest index of cut worm and local ten-day average temperature.
引文
[1]窦秦川,黄新动,太一梅,等.云南中药材种植常见病虫草鼠害综合防治[J].云南农业,2014(3):25-26.
[2]全国农业技术推广服务中心.植物保护统计技术与方法[M].北京:中国农业科学技术出版社,2013.
[3]周季维.生物统计学入门[M].昆明:云南人民出版社,1985.
[4]卢浩泉,马勇,赵桂芝.害鼠的分类测报与防治[M].北京:农业出版社,1988.
[5]窦秦川,沐卫东,张林,等.云南省农田鼠害分布发生规律初报[J].中国媒介生物学及控制杂志,2011,22(4):370-372.
[6]马桂明,杨雪超,黄新动,等.云南农区主要害鼠分布活动规律研究[J].中国植保导刊,2015,35(1):31-33.
[7]施洪.滇重楼主要病虫害及其防治[J].德宏师范高等专科学校学报,2014,23(3):99-102.
[8]杨丽英,杨斌,李林玉,等.6种云南道地中药材病害发生及抗病育种研究进展[J].中药材,2010,33(7):1186-1188.
[9]朱京斌,陈庆亮,单成钢,等.桔梗主要病虫害及其防治[J].北方园艺,2010(21):194-195.
[10]罗文富,喻盛甫,贺承福,等.三七根腐病病原及复合侵染的研究[J].植物病理学报,1997,15(1):85-91.
[11]杨永红,刘君英,王明辉,等.滇重楼根茎腐烂与小杆线虫的关系研究[J].中药材,2008,31(10):1467-1469.
[12]杨建全,陈乾锦,陈家骅,等.不同温度对小地老虎实验种群的影响[J].福建农业大学学报,2000,29(3):78-82.
[13]窦秦川,罗嵘,李亚红,等.我省绿色防控配套技术措施及效益概述[J].云南农业,2012(1):20-21.
[14]窦秦川,罗嵘,王德海,等.云南省农作物病虫害专业化统防统治技术集成应用及效益分析[J].中国植保导刊,2012,32(5):60-62.
[2]全国农业技术推广服务中心.植物保护统计技术与方法[M].北京:中国农业科学技术出版社,2013.
[3]周季维.生物统计学入门[M].昆明:云南人民出版社,1985.
[4]卢浩泉,马勇,赵桂芝.害鼠的分类测报与防治[M].北京:农业出版社,1988.
[5]窦秦川,沐卫东,张林,等.云南省农田鼠害分布发生规律初报[J].中国媒介生物学及控制杂志,2011,22(4):370-372.
[6]马桂明,杨雪超,黄新动,等.云南农区主要害鼠分布活动规律研究[J].中国植保导刊,2015,35(1):31-33.
[7]施洪.滇重楼主要病虫害及其防治[J].德宏师范高等专科学校学报,2014,23(3):99-102.
[8]杨丽英,杨斌,李林玉,等.6种云南道地中药材病害发生及抗病育种研究进展[J].中药材,2010,33(7):1186-1188.
[9]朱京斌,陈庆亮,单成钢,等.桔梗主要病虫害及其防治[J].北方园艺,2010(21):194-195.
[10]罗文富,喻盛甫,贺承福,等.三七根腐病病原及复合侵染的研究[J].植物病理学报,1997,15(1):85-91.
[11]杨永红,刘君英,王明辉,等.滇重楼根茎腐烂与小杆线虫的关系研究[J].中药材,2008,31(10):1467-1469.
[12]杨建全,陈乾锦,陈家骅,等.不同温度对小地老虎实验种群的影响[J].福建农业大学学报,2000,29(3):78-82.
[13]窦秦川,罗嵘,李亚红,等.我省绿色防控配套技术措施及效益概述[J].云南农业,2012(1):20-21.
[14]窦秦川,罗嵘,王德海,等.云南省农作物病虫害专业化统防统治技术集成应用及效益分析[J].中国植保导刊,2012,32(5):60-62.